References
- Ba R. 2004 Ascites and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Sleisenger MH. Gsastrointestinal and liver disease Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 2004. p. 1517–42
- Such J, Runyon BA. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 27: 669–74
- Hoefs JC, Runyon BA. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Dis Mon 1985; 31: 1–48
- Garcia-Tsao G. Current management of the complications of cirrhosis and portal hypertension: variceal hemorrhage, ascites, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Gastroenterology 2001; 120: 726–48
- Pelletier G, Salmon D, Ink O, Hannoun S, Attali P, Buffet C, et al. Culture-negative neutrocytic ascites: a less severe variant of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. J Hepatol 1990; 10: 327–31
- Musher DM, Alexandraki I, Graviss EA, Yanbeiy N, Eid A, Inderias LA, et al. Bacteremic and non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia. A prospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2000; 79: 210–21
- Liu JW, Hsu YM, Huang YF. Independent prognostic factors for fatality in patients with urinary tract infection caused by Serratia marcescens. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2004; 25: 80–2
- Ranes JL, Gordon SM, Chen P, Fatica C, Hammel J, Gonzales JP, et al. Predictors of long-term mortality in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Am J Med 2006; 119: 897
- Bearman GM, Wenzel RP. Bacteremias: a leading cause of death. Arch Med Res 2005; 36: 646–59
- Kasper DL, Zaleznik DF. Intra-abdominal Infections and Abscesses. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, DL Kasper, E Braunwald, AS Fauci, SL Hauser, DL Longo, JL Jameson, KJ Isselbacher. McGraw-Hill, New York 2005; 749–54
- Oberti F, Valsesia E, Pilette C, Rousselet MC, Bedossa P, Aube C, et al. Non-invasive diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1997; 113: 1609–16
- Caralis PV, Sprung CL, Schiff ER. Secondary bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients with ascites. South Med J 1984; 77: 579–83
- LeGall JR, Loirat P, Alperovitch A. APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med 1985; 13: 818–29
- Kamath PS, Wiesner RH, Malinchoc M, Kremers W, Therneau TM, Kosberg CL, et al. A model to predict survival in patients with end-stage liver disease. Hepatology 2001; 33: 464–70
- Harbarth S, Garbino J, Pugin J, Romand JA, Lew D, Pittet D. Inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy and its effect on survival in a clinical trial of immunomodulating therapy for severe sepsis. Am J Med 2003; 115: 529–35
- Akriviadis EA, Runyon BA. Utility of an algorithm in differentiating spontaneous from secondary bacterial peritonitis. Gastroenterology 1990; 98: 127–33
- Franca A, Giordano HM, Seva-Pereira T, Soares EC. Five d of ceftriaxone to treat spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients. J Gastroenterol 2002; 37: 119–22
- Rimola A, Garcia-Tsao G, Navasa M, Piddock LJ, Planas R, Bernard B, et al. Diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a consensus document. International Ascites Club. J Hepatol 2000; 32: 142–53
- Felisart J, Rimola A, Arroyo V, Perez-Ayuso RM, Quintero E, Gines P, et al. Cefotaxime is more effective than ampicillin-tobramycin in cirrhotics with severe infections. Hepatology 1985; 5: 457–62
- Llovet JM, Planas R, Morillas R, Quer JC, Cabre E, Boix J, et al. Short-term prognosis of cirrhotics with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: multivariate study. Am J Gastroenterol 1993; 88: 388–92
- Wiesner RH, McDiarmid SV, Kamath PS, Edwards EB, Malinchoc M, Kremers WK, et al. MELD and PELD: application of survival models to liver allocation. Liver Transpl 2001; 7: 567–80
- al Amri SM, Allam AR, al Mofleh IA. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and culture negative neutrocytic ascites in patients with non-alcoholic liver cirrhosis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1994; 9: 433–6