In vivo acute toxicological studies of an antioxidant extract from Mangifera indica L. (Vimang)

References

• Andreu GL, Delgado R, Velho J, Curti C, Vercesi AE (2005). Iron complexing activity of mangiferin, a naturally occurring glucosylxanthone, inhibits mitochondrial lipid peroxidation induced by Fe2+-citrate. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 513, 47–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anjaneyulu V, Babu IS., Connolly JD (1994). 29-hydroxymangiferonic acid from Mangifera indica. Phytochemistry 35, 1301–1303.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. (2002). Pharmaceutical composition including a mixture of polyphenols, terpenoids, steroids, fatty acids, and microelements with antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic properties. Cuban Patent 203/98, OCPI, Havana, Cuba.
   Google Scholar
• Coe FG, Anderson GL (1996). Screnning of medicinal plants used by the Garifuna of eastern Nicaragua for bioactive compounds. J. Ethnopharmacol 53, 29–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Draize JH Woodward G, Calvery HO (1944). Methods for the study of irritation and toxicity of substances applied topically to the skin and mucous membranes. J. Pharmacol. Experl. Ther. 82, 377–390.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eckstein P, Jackson MCN, Millman N, Sobrero AJ (1969). Comparison of vaginal tolerance tests of spermicidal preparations in rabbits and monkeys. J. Reprod.Fertil. 20, 85–93.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Garcia D, Delgado R, Ubeira F, Leiro J (2002). Modulation of rat macrophage function by the Mangifera indica L. extract Vimang and mangiferin. Intern. Immunopharmacol. 2, 797–806.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garrido G, Gonzalez D, Delpote R, Backhouse N, Quintero G, Nuñez-Selles A (2001). Anagelsic and anti-inflammatory effects of Mangifera indica L. extract (VIMANG) Phytother. Res. 15, 18–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garrido G, Delgado R, Lemus Y, Rodríguez J, Garcia D, Núñez A (2004a). Protection against septic shock and suppression of tumor necrosis factor alpha and nitric oxide production on macrophages and microglia by a standard aqueous extract of Mangifera indica L. (VIMANG®). Role of mangiferin isolated from the extract. Pharmacol. Res. 50, 165–172.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garrido G, Gonzalez D, Lemus Y, Garcia D, Lodeiro L, Quintero G et al. (2004b). In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Mangifera indica L. extract (Vimang®). Pharmacol. Res. 50, 143–149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garrido G, Blanco-Molina M, Sancho R, Macho A, Delgado R, Muñoz E (2005). An aqueous stem bark extract of Mangifera indica (Vimang®) inhibits T cell proliferation and TNF-induced activation of nuclear transcription factor NF-kappaB. Phytother. Res. 19, 211–215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garrido G, Gonzalez D, Lemus Y, Delporte C, Delgado R (2006). Protective effects of a standard extract of Mangifera indica L. (VIMANG®) against mouse ear edemas and its inhibition of eicosanoid production in J774 murine macrophages. Phytomedicine 13, 412–418.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guevara M, Riaño A, Alvarez A, Garrido G, Paez E, Delgado R (2002). Mangifera indica L. Uso etnomédico en Cuba. Rev. Cubana Farmacia 36, 166–168.
   Google Scholar
• Kaminsky M, Willigan DA. (1982). pH and the potential irritancy of douche formulations to the vaginal mucosa of the albino rabbit and rat. Food. Cosmet. Toxicol. 20, 193–196.
   Google Scholar
• Khan MA, Nizami SS, Khan MNI, Azeem SW, Ahmed Z (1994). New triterpenes from Mangifera indica. J Nat. Prod. 57, 988–991.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leiro J, García D, Arranz J, Delgado R, Sanmartín M, Orallo F (2004). An Anacardiaceace preparation reduces the expression of inflammation-related genes in murine macrophages. Intern. Immunopharmacol. 4, 991–1003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez G, Delgado R, Perez G, Garrido G, Nuñez A, Leon O (2000a). Evaluation of the in vitro antioxidant activity of Mangifera indica L. extract (Vimang®). Phytother. Res. 14, 424–427.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martínez SG., Jalil EC, Giuliani A, León FOS, Ram S, Delgado HR et al. (2000b). Mangifera indica L. extract (Vimang®) reduces ischaemia-induced neuronal loss and oxidative damage in gerbil brain. Free Radical Res. 32, 1–3.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Martínez SG., Giuliani A,León OS,Pérez DG,Núñez AJ. (2001). Effect of Mangifera indica L. extract (Vimang®) on protein and hepatic microsoma peroxidation. Phytother. Res. 15, 581–585.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matulka RA, Hood AM, Griffiths JC (2004). Safety evaluation of a natural tomato oleoresin extract derived from food-processing tomatoes. Regul. Toxicol. Pharm. 39, 90–402.
   Google Scholar
• Núñez A, Velez H, Aguero-Agüero J, Gonzalez I, Naddeo F, De Simone F et al. (2002). Isolation and quantitative analysis of phenolic antioxidants, free sugars, and polyphenols from mango (Mangifera indica L.) stem bark aqueous decoction used in Cuba as a nutritional supplement. J. Agr. Food Chem. 50, 762–766.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nuñez AJ, Durruthy MD, Rodríguez E, Nieto L, Nicolais V, Rastrelli L (2007). Comparison of major and trace element concentration in sixteen varieties of Cuban mango stem bark (Mangifera indica L.). J. Agr. Food Chem. 55, 2176–2181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OECD. (2000a). Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals, No. 423. Acute Oral Toxicity–Acute Toxic Class Method. Paris, France: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
   Google Scholar
• OECD. (2000b). OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 404. Acute Dermal Toxicity–Fixed Dose Procedure. Paris, France: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
   Google Scholar
• OECD. (2004). OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 434. Acute Dermal Toxicity–Fixed Dose Procedure. Paris, France: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
   Google Scholar
• Pardo-Andreu G, Delgado R, Núñez-Sellés AJ, Vercesi A E (2006a). Mangifera indica L. extract (Vimang®) inhibits 2-deoxyribose damage induced by Fe (III) plus ascorbate. Phytother. Res. 20, 120–124.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pardo-Andreu GL, Sánchez-Baldoquín C, Avila-González R, Suzuki Yamamoto ET, Revilla A, Akira Uyemurad S et al. (2006b). Interaction of Vimang® (Mangifera indica L. extract) with Fe(III) improves its antioxidant and cytoprotecting activity. Pharmacol. Res. 53, 253–260.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pardo-Andreu G, Sánchez-Baldoquín C, ávila-González R, Delgado R, Naal Z, Curti C (2006c). Fe(III) improves antioxidant and cytoprotecting activities of mangiferin. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 547, 31–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar