Validation and use of the CALUX‐bioassay for the determination of dioxins and PCBs in bovine milk

References

• Aarts , J. M. M. J. G. , Denison , M. S. , Cox , M. A. , Schalk , A. C. , Garrison , P. A. , Tullis , K. , Haan , L. H. J. de and Brouwer , A. 1995 . Species‐specific antagonism of Ah receptor action by 2,2',5,5'‐tetrachloro‐ and 2,2',3,3',4,4'‐hexachlor‐obiphenyl . European Journal of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology , 293 : 463 – 474 .
   Google Scholar
• Aarts , J. M. M. J. G. , Cenijn , P. H. , Blankvoort , B. M. G. , Murk , A. J. , Bovee , T. F. H. , Traag , W. A. , Hoogenboom , L. A. P. , Patandin , S. , Weisglas‐Kuperus , N. , Sauer , P. J. J. , Denison , M. S. and Brouwer , A. 1996 . Application of the chemical‐activated luciferase expression (CALUX) bioassay for quantification of dioxin‐like compounds in small samples of human milk and blood plasma . Organohalogen Compounds , 27 : 285 – 290 .
   Google Scholar
• Abbott , B. D. , Perdew , G. H. , Buckalew , A. R. and Birnbaum , L. S. 1994 . Interactive regulation of Ah and glucocorticoid receptors in the synergistic induction of cleft palate by 2,3,7,8‐tetrachloro‐p‐dioxin and hydrocortisone . Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology , 128 : 138 – 150 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahlborg , U. G. , Brouwer , A. , Fingerhut , M. A. , Jacobsen , J. L. , Jacobsen , S. W. , Kennedy , S. W. , Kettrup , A. A. F. , Koeman , J. H. , Poiger , H. , Rappe , C. , Safe , S. H. , Seegal , R. F. , Tuomistro , J. and Van den Berg , M. 1992 . Impact of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins, dibenzofurans, and bi‐phenyls on human and environmental health, with special emphasis on application of the toxic equivalency factor concept . European Journal of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology , 228 : 179 – 199 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahlborg , U. G. , Becking , G. C. , Birnbaum , L. S. , Brouwer , A. , Derks , H. J. G. M. , Feeley , M. , Golor , G. , Hanberg , A. , Larsen , J. C. , Liem , A. K. M. , Safe , S. H. , Schlatter , C. , Wærn , F. , Younes , M. and Yrjänheikki , E. 1994 . Toxic Equivalency Factors for dioxin‐like PCBs . Chemosphere , 28 : 1049 – 1067 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bovee , T. F. H. , Hoogenboom , L. A. P. , Traag , W. A. , Zuidema , T. , Horstman , J. H. J. , Aarts , J. M. M. J. G. , Murk , T. J. , Brouwer , A. , Denison , M. S. and Kuiper , H. A. 1996 . Biological screening of Ah receptor agonist activity in butter fat and coconut oil by means of chemical‐activated luciferase expression in a genetically engineered cell line (CALUX) . Organohalogen Compounds , 27 : 303 – 308 .
   Google Scholar
• Brouwer , A. 1991 . The role of enzymes in regulating the toxicity of xenobiotics. Role of biotransformation in PCB‐induced alterations in vitamin A and thyroid hormone metabolism in laboratory and wildlife species . Biochemical Society Transactions , 19 : 731 – 738 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denison , M. S. and Whitlock , J. P. 1995 . Xenobiotic‐inducible transcription of cytochrome P450 genes . Journal of Biological Chemistry , 270 : 18175 – 18178 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denison , M. S. and Yao , E. F. 1991 . Characterization of the interaction of transformed rat hepatic cytosolic Ah receptor with a dioxin responsive transcriptional enhancer . Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics , 284 : 158 – 166 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devaux , A. , Pesonen , M. , Monod , G. and Andersson , T. 1992 . Glucocorticoid‐mediated potentiation of P450 induction in primary culture of rainbow trout hepatocytes . Biochemical Pharmacology , 43 : 898 – 901 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Vito , M. J. and Birnbaum , L. S. 1994 . “ Toxicology of dioxins and related chemicals ” . In Dioxins and Health , Edited by: Schecter , A. 139 – 162 . New York : Plenum .
   Google Scholar
• Donato , M. T. , Gömez‐Lechön , M. J. and Castell , J. V. 1990 . Effects of xenobiotics on monooxygenase activities in cultured human hepatocytes . Biochemical Pharmacology , 39 : 1321 – 1326 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eggens , M. , Bergman , A. , Vethaak , D. , Weiden , M. V. D. , Celander , M. and Boon , J. P. 1995 . Cytochrome P4501A indices as biomarkers of contaminant exposure: results of a field study with plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) and flounder (Platichthys flesus) from the southern North Sea . Aquatic Toxicology , 32 : 211 – 225 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garrison , P. A. , Tullis , K. , Aarts , J. M. M. J. G. , Brouwer , A. , Giesy , J. P. and Denison , M. S. 1996 . Stress‐specific recombinant cell lines as bioassay systems for the detection of 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxine‐like chemicals . Fundamental and Applied Toxicology , 30 : 194 – 203 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Giesy , J. P. , Ludwig , J. P. and Tillit , D. E. 1994 . Embryolethality and deformities in colonial, fish‐eating, water birds of the Great Lakes regions: assessing causality . Environmental Science and Technology , 28 : 128A – 135A .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoogenboom , L. A. P. and Hamers , A. R. M. 1995 . Effects of oxfendazole on the Ah receptor‐mediated induction of ethox‐yresorufin‐O‐deethylase and luciferase activity by 2,3,7,8‐tetra‐chlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin in Hepa‐1c1c7 and H4IIE cell‐lines . Organohalogen Compounds , 25 : 53 – 56 .
   Google Scholar
• Hoogenboom , L. A. P. , Hamers , A. R. M. and Bovee , T. F. H. in press . Bioassays for the detection of growth‐promoting agents, veterinary drugs and environmental contaminants in food . The Analyst ,
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones , P. D. , Ankley , G. T. , Best , D. A. , Crawford , R. , Degalan , N. , Giesy , J. P. , Kubiak , T. J. , Ludwig , J. P. , Newsted , J. L. , Tillitt , D. E. and Verbrugge , D. A. 1993 . Biomagnification of bioassay derived 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlor‐odibenzo‐p‐dioxin equivalents . Chemosphere , 26 : 1203 – 1212 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kennedy , S. W. , Lorenzen , A. , James , C. A. and Collins , B. T. 1993 . Ethoxyresorufin O‐deethylase and porphyrin analysis in chicken embryo hepatocyte cultures with a fluorescence multi‐well plate reader . Analytical Biochemistry , 211 : 102 – 112 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krokos , F. , Creaser , C. S. , Wright , C. and Startin , J. R. 1996 . Levels of selected ortho and non‐ortho polychlorinated biphenyls in UK retail milk . Chemosphere , 32 : 667 – 673 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murk , A. J. , Jonas , A. , Leonards , P. E. G. , Denison , M. S. and Brouwer , A. 1996 . Application of the CALUX (Chemical Activated LUciferase gene eXpression) assay for measuring TCDD‐equivalents in sediment, pore water and blood plasma samples . Organohalogen Compounds , 27 : 291 – 296 .
   Google Scholar
• Murk , A. J. , Legler , J. , Denison , M. S. , Giesy , J. P. , Guchte , C. van de and Brouwer , A. 1996 . Chemical‐Activated LUciferase gene eXpression (CALUX): a novel in vitro bioassay for Ah‐receptor active compounds in sediments and pore water . Fundamental and Applied Toxicology , 33 : 149 – 160 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• NATO/CCMS (North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society) . 1988 . International toxicity equivalency factor (I‐TEF) method of risk assessment for complex mixtures of dioxins and related compounds , Report No. 176 Brussels : North Atlantic Treaty Organization .
   Google Scholar
• Poland , A. and Knutson , J. C. 1982 . 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin and related halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons: examination of the mechanism of toxicity . Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology , 22 : 517 – 542 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Safe , S. 1986 . Comparative toxicology and mechanism of action of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins and dibenzofurans . Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology , 26 : 371 – 399 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Safe , S. 1987 . Determination of 2,3,7,8‐TCDD toxic equivalent factors (TEFs): support for the use of the in vitro AHH induction assay . Chemosphere , 16 : 791 – 802 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Safe , S. 1990 . Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo‐p‐dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and related compounds: environmental and mechanistic considerations which support the development of toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) . Critical Reviews in Toxicology , 21 : 51 – 88 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Safe , S. H. 1994 . Polychlolrinated biphenyls (PCBs): environmental impact, biochemical and toxic responses, and implications for risk assessment . Critical Reviews in Toxicology , 24 : 87 – 149 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Safe , S. , Safe , L. and Mullin , M. 1987 . “ Polychlorinated biphenyls: environmental occurrence and analysis ” . In Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): Mammalian and Environmental Toxicology , Environmental Toxin Series 1 Edited by: Safe , S. and Hutzinger , O. 1 – 13 . Berlin : Springer‐Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Safe , S. , Bandiera , S. , Sawyer , T. , Robertson , L. , Safe , L. , Parkinson , A. , Thomas , P. E. , Ryan , D. E. , Reik , L. M. , Levin , W. , Denomme , M. A. and Fujita , T. 1985 . PCBs: structure‐function relationships and mechanism of action . Environmental Health Perspectives , 60 : 47 – 56 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanderson , J. T. , Aarts , J. M. M. J. G. , Brouwer , A. , Froese , K. L. , Denison , M. S. and Giesy , J. P. 1996 . Comparison of Ah‐receptor‐mediated luciferase and ethoxyresorufin O‐deethylase induction in H4IIE cells: implications for their use as bioanalytical tools for the detection of polyhalogenated aromatic compounds . Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology , 137 : 316 – 325 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sawyer , T. W. , Vatcher , A. D. and Safe , S. 1984 . Comparative aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction of commercial PCBs in Wistar rats and hepatoma H4IIE cells in culture . Chemosphere , 13 : 695 – 701 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schrenk , D. , Lipp , H.‐P. , Wiesmüller , T. , Hagenmaier , H. and Bock , K. W. 1991 . Assessment of biological activities of mixtures of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins: comparison between defined mixtures and their constituents . Archives of Toxicology , 65 : 114 – 118 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tillitt , D. E. , Giesy , J. P. and Ankley , G. T. 1991 . Characterization of the H4IIE rat hepatoma cell bioassay as a tool for assessing toxic potency of planar halogenated hydrocarbons in environmental samples . Environmental Science and Technology , 25 : 87 – 92 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuinstra , L. G. M. Th. , Traag , W. A. , van Rhijn , J. A. and V.D. and Spreng , P. F. 1994 . The Dutch PCB/dioxin study: development of a method for the determination of dioxins, planar and other PCBs in human milk . Chemosphere , 29 : 1859 – 1875 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiebel , F. J. and Cikryt , P. 1990 . Dexamethasone‐mediated potentiation of P450IA1 induction in H4IIEC3/T hepatoma cells is dependant on a time‐consuming process and associated with induction of the Ah receptor . Chemico‐Biological Interactions , 76 : 307 – 320 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• To whom correspondence should be addressed.
   Google Scholar