1,644
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

The prevalence and symptom rates of depression after traumatic brain injury: a comprehensive examination

Pages 563-576 | Published online: 03 Jul 2009

REFERENCES

  • RUTHERFORD, W. H., MERRETT, J. D. and McD oNALD, J. R.: Sequelae of concussion caused by minor head injuries. Lancet, 1: 1–4, 1977.
  • BROOKS, D. N. and MCKINLAY, W.: Personality and behavioral change after severe blunt head injury—a relative's view. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 46: 336–344, 1983.
  • ATTEBERRY-BENNETT, J., BARTH, J. T., LOYD, B. H. et al.: The relationship between behavioral and cognitive deficits, demographics and depression in patients with minor head injuries. International Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 8: 114–117, 1986.
  • LEZAK, M. D.: Relationship between personality disorders, social disturbances, and physical disability following TBI. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2: 57–69, 1987.
  • VARNEY, N. R., MART ZKF, J. S. and ROBERTS, R. J.: Major depression in patients with closed head injury. Neuropsychology, 1: 7–9, 1987.
  • KINSELLA, G., MORAN, C., FORD, B. et al.: Emotional disorder and its assessment within the severe head injured population. Psychological Medicine, 118: 57–63, 1988.
  • FEDEROFF, J. P., STARKSTEIN, S. E., FORRESTER, A. W. et al.: Depression in patients with acute traumatic brain injury. American Journal of Psychiatry, 149: 918–923, 1992.
  • JORGE, R. E., ROBINSON, R. G., STARKsLEN, S. E. et al.: Depression and anxiety following traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 5: 369–374, 1993.
  • JORGE, R. E., ROBINSON, R. G. and ARNDT, S.: Are there symptoms that are specific for depressed mood in patients with traumatic brain injury? Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 18: 91–99, 1993.
  • BOWEN, A., NEUMANN, V., CONNER, M. et al.: Mood disorders following traumatic brain injury: identifying the extent of the problem and the people at risk. Brain Injury, 12: 177–190, 1998.
  • DEB, S., LYONS, I., KOUTZOUKIS, C. et al.: Rate of psychiatric illness 1 year after traumatic brain injury. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156: 374–378, 1999.
  • ROSENTHAL, M., CHRISTENSEN, B. K. and Ross, T. P.: Depression following traumatic brain injury. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 79: 90–103, 1998.
  • ODDY, M., HUMPHREY, M. and UTTLEY, D.: Subjective impairment and social recovery after closed head injury. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 41: 611–616, 1978.
  • MCKINLAY, W. W., BROOKS, D. N., BOND, M. R. et al.: The short term outcome of severe blunt head injury as reported by the relatives of the injured person. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 44: 527–533, 1981.
  • DAVALL O, M. M., KAY, T. andE ZRACHI, O.: Problems and changes after traumatic brain injury: differing perceptions within and between families. Brain Injury, 6: 327–335, 1992.
  • THOMSEN, I. V.: Late outcome of very severe blunt head trauma: a 10-15 year second follow-up. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 47: 260–268, 1984.
  • DIKMEN, S. and REITAN, R. A.: Emotional sequelae of head injury. Annals of Neurology, 2: 492–494, 1977.
  • LEININGER, B. E., KREUTZER, J. S. and HILL, M. R.: Comparison of minor and severe head injury emotional sequelae using the MMPI. Brain Injury, 5: 199–205, 1991.
  • SCHOENHUBE R. and GENTILINI, M.: Anxiety and depression after mild head injury: a case control study. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 51: 722–724, 1988.
  • LYKOURAS, L., OULIS, P., ADRACHTA, D. et al.: Beck Depression Inventory in the detection of depression among neurological inpatients. Psychopathology, 31: 213–219, 1998.
  • Si. rvviivsKi, M., GORDON, W. A. and BOGDANY, J.: The Beck Depression Inventory: is it a suitable measure of depression for individuals with traumatic brain injury? Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 13: 40–46, 1998.
  • AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edn (Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association), 1994.
  • ALEXANDER, M. P.: Neuropsychiatric correlates of persistent postconcussive syndrome. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 7: 60–69, 1992.
  • VAN REEKUM, R., BOLAGO, I., FINLAYSON, M. A. et al.: Psychiatric disorders after traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 10: 319–327, 1996.
  • KREUTZER, J. S., MARWITZ, J. H., SEEL, R. T. et al.: Validation of a neurobehavioral functioning inventory for adults with traumatic brain injury. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 77: 116–124, 1996.
  • SEEL, R. T., KREUTZER, J. S. and SAUNDER, A. M.: Concordance of patients' and family members' ratings of neurobehavioral functioning after traumatic brain injury. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 78: 1254–1259, 1997.
  • MARSH, L. D.: Neuropsychiatric aspects of Parkinson's disease. Psychosomatics, 41: 15–23, 2000.
  • SCHUBERT, D. S., TAYLOR, C., LEE, S. et al.: Detection of depression in the stroke patient. Psychosomatics, 33: 290–294, 1992.
  • MORRIS, P. L., ROBINSON, R. G., DE CAR VALH O, M. L. et al.: Lesion characteristics and depressed mood in the stroke data bank study. Journal of Neuropsychiatry, 8: 153–159, 1996.
  • LAMBERT, M. V. and ROBERTSON, M. M.: Depression in epilepsy: etiology, phenomenology, and treatment. Epilepsia, 40: S21—S47, 1999.
  • MCKINLAY, W. W. and BROOKS, D. N.: Methodological problems in assessing psychosocial recovery following severe head injury. Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 6: 87–99, 1984.
  • PRIGATANO, G. P.: Disturbances of self-awareness of deficit after brain injury. In: G. P. Prigatano and D. L. Schacter (editors) Awareness of deficit after brain injury (New York: Oxford University Press), pp. 111–126, 1991.
  • PRIGATANO, G. P. and LEATHEM, j. M.: Awareness of behavioral limitations after traumatic brain injury: a cross-cultural study of New Zealand Maoris and non-Maoris. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 7: 123–135, 1993.
  • GASQUOINE, P. G.: Affective state and awareness of sensory and cognitive effects after closed head injury. Neuropsychology, 4: 187–196, 1992.
  • SHERER, M., BOAKE, C., CLEMENT, V. et al.: Awareness of defictis after traumatic brain injury: comparison of patient, family, and clinician ratings. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 2: 17, 1996.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.