Publication Cover
Chronobiology International
The Journal of Biological and Medical Rhythm Research
Volume 39, 2022 - Issue 11
1,289
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Later school start time is associated with better academic performance, sleep-wake rhythm characteristics, and eating behavior

ORCID Icon, , , , ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 1444-1453 | Received 08 Apr 2022, Accepted 20 Aug 2022, Published online: 31 Aug 2022

References

  • Bayon V, Leger D, Gomez-Merino D, Vecchierini MF, Chennaoui M. 2014. Sleep debt and obesity. Ann Med. 46:264–72. doi:10.3109/07853890.2014.931103
  • Berger AT, Widome R, Troxel WM. 2018. School start time and psychological health in adolescents. Curr Sleep Med Rep. 4:110–17. doi:10.1007/s40675-018-0115-6
  • Biller AM, Molenda C, Obster F, Zerbini G, Förtsch C, Roenneberg T, Winnebeck EC. 2022a. A 4-year longitudinal study investigating the relationship between flexible school starts and grades. Sci Rep. 12:3178. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-06804-5
  • Biller AM, Molenda C, Zerbini G, Roenneberg T, Winnebeck EC. 2022. Sleep improvements on days with later school starts persist after 1 year in a flexible start system. Sci Rep. 12:2787. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-06209-4
  • Blume C, Schmidt MH, Cajochen C. 2020. Effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on human sleep and rest-activity rhythms. Curr Biol. 30:R795–R797. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.021
  • Borisenkov MF, Petrova NB, Timonin VD, Fradkova LI, Kolomeichuk SN, Kosova AL, Kasyanova ON. 2015. Sleep characteristics, chronotype, and winter depression in 10–20-year-olds in Northern European Russia. J Sleep Res. 24:288–95. doi:10.1111/jsr.12266
  • Borisenkov MF, Popov SV, Smirnov VV, Gubin DG, Petrov IM, Vasilkova TN, Solovieva SV, Martinson EA, Pecherkina AA, Dorogina OI, et al. 2022. Associations among sleep-wake rhythm characteristics, time perspective and psycho-emotional state during COVID-19 isolation. Biol Rhythm Res. 1–12. doi:10.1080/09291016.2022.2041289
  • Borisenkov MF, Popov SV, Smirnov VV, Gubin DG, Petrov IM, Vasilkova TN, Solovieva SV, Martinson EA, Pecherkina AA, Dorogina OI, et al. 2022a. Association between food addiction and time perspective during COVID-19 isolation. Eat Weight Disord. 27:1585–91. doi:10.1007/s40519-021-01259-5
  • Borisenkov MF, Popov SV, Tserne TA, Bakutova LA, Pecherkina AA, Dorogina OI, Martinson EA, Vetosheva VI, Gubin DG, Solovieva SV, et al. 2020. Food addiction and symptoms of depression among inhabitants of the European North of Russia: Associations with sleep characteristics and photoperiod. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 28:332–42. doi:10.1002/erv.2728
  • Borisenkov MF, Tserne TA, Bakutova LA. 2018. Food addiction in Russian adolescents: Associations with age, sex, weight, and depression. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 26:671–76. doi:10.1002/erv.2644
  • Borisenkov MF, Tserne TA, Panev AS, Kuznetsova ES, Petrova NB, Timonin VD, Kolomeichuk SN, Vinogradova IA, Kovyazina MS, Khokhlov NA, et al. 2017. Seven-year survey of sleep timing in Russian children and adolescents: Chronic 1-h forward transition of social clock is associated with increased social jetlag and winter pattern of mood seasonality. Biol Rhythm Res. 48:3–12. doi:10.1080/09291016.2016.1223778
  • Cain N, Gradisar M, Moseley L. 2011. A motivational school-based intervention for adolescent sleep problems. Sleep Med. 12:246–51. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2010.06.008
  • Carskadon MA, Labyak SE, Acebo C, Seifer R. 1999. Intrinsic circadian period of adolescent humans measured in conditions of forced desynchrony. Neurosci Lett. 260:129–32. doi:10.1016/S0304-3940(98)00971-9
  • Carvalho FG, Hidalgo MP, Levandovski R. 2014. Differences in circadian patterns between rural and urban populations: An epidemiological study in countryside. Chronobiol Int. 31:442–49. doi:10.3109/07420528.2013.846350
  • Crowley SJ, Cain SW, Burns AC, Acebo C, Carskadon MA. 2015. Increased sensitivity of the circadian system to light in early/mid-puberty. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 100:4067–73. doi:10.1210/jc.2015-2775
  • Daan S, Damassa D, Pittendrigh CS, Smith ER. 1975. An effect of castration and testosterone replacement on a circadian pacemaker in mice (Mus musculus). PNAS USA. 72:3744–47. doi:10.1073/pnas.72.9.3744
  • de Oris M, Onyango AW, Borghi E, Siyama A, Nishida C, Siekmann J. 2007. Development of a WHO growth reference for schoo-aged children and adolescents. Bull World Health Organ. 85:660–667. doi:10.2471/blt.07.043497
  • De Sousa IC, Araújo JF, De Azevedo CVM. 2007. The effect of a sleep hygiene education program on the sleep-wake cycle of Brazilian adolescent students. Sleep Biol Rhythms. 5:251–58. doi:10.1111/j.1479-8425.2007.00318.x
  • Dormann CF, Elith J, Bacher S, Buchmann C, Carl G, Carré G, Marquéz JRG, Gruber B, Lafourcade B, Leitão PJ, et al. 2013. Collinearity: A review of methods to deal with it and a simulation study evaluating their performance. Ecography. 36:27–46. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0587.2012.07348.x
  • Dunster GP, de la Iglesia L, Ben-Hamo M, Nave C, Fleischer JG, Panda S, de la Iglesia HO. 2018. Sleepmore in Seattle: Later school start times are associated with more sleep and better performance in high school students. Sci Adv. 4:eaau6200. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aau6200
  • Fischer D, Lombardi DA. 2021. Chronotypes in the US: Influence of longitude position in a time zone. Chronobiol Int. 15:1–5. doi:10.1080/07420528.20212002889
  • Gau SF, Shang CY, Merikangas KR, Chiu YN, Soong WT, Cheng AT. 2007. Association between morningness-eveningness and behavioral-emotional problems among adolescents. J Biol Rhythms. 22:268–74. doi:10.1177/0748730406298447
  • Gearhardt AN, Corbin WR, Brownell KD. 2009. Preliminary validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Appetite. 52:430–36. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2008.12.003
  • Gearhardt AN, Roberto C, Seamans M, Corbin W, Brownell K. 2013. Preliminary validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale for children. Eat Behav. 14:508–12. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.07.002
  • Hagenauer MH, Perryman JI, Lee TM, Carskadon MA. 2009. Adolescent changes in the homeostatic and circadian regulation of sleep. Dev Neurosci. 31:276–84. doi:10.1159/000216538
  • Haraszti RÁ, Ella K, Gyöngyösi N, Roenneberg T, Káldi K. 2014. Social jetlag negatively correlates with academic performance in undergraduates. Chronobiol Int. 31:603–12. doi:10.3109/07420528.2013.879164
  • Haynie DL, Lewin D, Luk JW, Lipsky LM, O’Brien F, Iannotti RJ, Liu D, Simons-Morton BG. 2018. Beyond sleep duration: Bidirectional associations among chronotype, social jetlag, and drinking behaviors in a longitudinal sample of US high school students. Sleep. 41:zsx202. doi:10.1093/sleep/zsx202
  • Kang SG, Lee YJ, Kim SJ, Lim W, Lee HJ, Park YM, Cho IH, Cho SJ, Hong JP. 2014. Weekend catch-up sleep is independently associated with suicide attempts and self-injury in Korean adolescents. Compr Psychiatry. 55:319–25. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.08.023
  • Lee DK. 2016. Alternatives to P value: Confidence interval and effect size. Korean J Anesthesiol. 69:555–62. doi:10.4097/kjae.2016.69.6.555
  • Leone MJ, Sigman M, Golombek DA. 2020. Effects of lockdown on human sleep and chronotype during the COVID-19 pandemic. Curr Biol. 30:R930–R931 . doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.07.015
  • Levandovski R, Dantas G, Fernandes LC, Caumo W, Torres I, Roenneberg T, Hidalgo MP, Allebrandt KV. 2011. Depression scores associate with chronotype and social jetlag in a rural population. Chronobiol Int. 28:771–78. doi:10.3109/07420528.2011.602445
  • Mak KK, Lee SL, Ho SY, Lo WS, Lam TH. 2012. Sleep and academic performance in Hong Kong adolescents. J School Health. 82:522–27. doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2012.00732.x
  • Malone SK, Zemel B, Compher C, Souders M, Chittams J, Thompson AL, Pack A, Lipman TH. 2016. Social jet lag, chronotype and body mass index in 14-17-year-old adolescents. Chronobiol Int. 33:1255–66. doi:10.1080/07420528.2016.1196697
  • Model Z, Butler MP, LeSauter J, Silver R. 2015. Suprachiasmatic nucleus as the site of androgen action on circadian rhythms. Horm Behav. 73:1–7. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2015.05.007
  • Mosele L, Gradisar M. 2009. Evaluation of a school-based intervention for adolescent sleep problems. Sleep. 32:334–41. doi:10.1093/sleep/32.3.334
  • Nahmod NG, Lee S, Master L, Chang AM, Hale L, Buxton OM. 2019. Later high school start times associated with longer actigraphic sleep duration in adolescents. Sleep. 42:zsy212. doi:10.1093/sleep/zsy212
  • Ortega FB, Ruiz JR, Castillo R, Chillón P, Labayen I, Martínez-Gómez D, Redondo C, Marcos A, Moreno LA, Study Group AVENA. 2010. Sleep duration and cognitive performance in adolescence. The AVENA study. Acta Paediatr. 99:454–56. doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01618.x
  • Otsuka Y, Kaneita Y, Itani O, Tokiya M. 2020. A school-based sleep hygiene education program for adolescents in Japan: A large-scale comparative intervention study. Sleep Biol Rhythms. 18:27–36. doi:10.1007/s41105-019-00240-1
  • Panev AS, Tserne TA, Polugrudov AS, Bakutova LA, Petrova NB, Tatarinova OV, Kolosova ON, Borisenkov MF. 2017. Association of chronotype and social jetlag with human non-verbal intelligence. Chronobiol Int. 34:977–80. doi:10.1080/07420528.2017.1324473
  • Passik SD, Lundberg JC, Rosenfeld B, Kirsh KL, Donaghy K, Theobald D, Lundberg E, Dugan W. 2000. Factor analysis of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale in a large ambulatory oncology sample. Psychosomatics. 41:121–27. doi:10.1176/appi.psy.41.2.121
  • Randler C, Rahafar A. 2017. Latitude affects morningness-Eveningness: Evidence for the environment hypothesis based on a systematic review. Sci Rep. 7:39976. doi:10.1038/srep39976
  • Regestein Q, Natarajan V, Pavlova M, Kawasaki S, Gleason R, Koff E. 2010. Sleep debt and depression in female college students. Psychiatry Res. 176:34–39. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2008.11.006
  • Richardson JT. 2011. Eta squared and partial eta squared as measures of effect size in educational research. Educ Res Rev. 6:135–47. doi:10.1016/j.edurev.2010.12.001
  • Rigney G, Watson A, Gazmararian J, Blunden S. 2021. Update on school-based sleep education programs: How far have we come and what has Australia contributed to the field? Sleep Med. 80:134–57. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2021.01.061
  • Roenneberg T, Allebrandt KV, Merrow M, Vetter C. 2012. Social jetlag and obesity. Curr Biol. 22:1–5. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.03.038
  • Roenneberg T, Kuehnle T, Pramstaller PP, Ricken J, Havel M, Guth A, Merrow M. 2004. A marker for the end of adolescence. Curr Biol. 14:R1038–R1039. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2004.11.039
  • Roenneberg T, Kumar CJ, Merrow M. 2007. The human circadian clock entrains to sun time. Curr Biol. 17:R44–R45. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.12.011
  • Roenneberg T, Pilz LK, Zerbini G, Winnebeck EC. 2019. Chronotype and social jetlag: A (self-) critical review. Biology. 8:54. doi:10.3390/biology8030054
  • Roenneberg T, Wirz-Justice A, Merrow M. 2003. Life between the clocks: Daily temporal patterns of human chronotypes. J Biol Rhythms. 18:80–90. doi:10.1177/0748730402239679
  • Selvi Y, Aydin A, Atli A, Boysan M, Selvi F, Besiroglu L. 2011. Chronotype differences in suicidal behavior and impulsivity among suicide attempters. Chronobiol Int. 28:170–75. doi:10.3109/07420528.2010.535938
  • Wahlstrom K. 2002. Changing times: Findings from the first longitudinal study of later high school start times. Nassp Bull. 86:3–21. doi:10.1177/019263650208663302
  • Wheaton AG, Chapman DP, Croft JB. 2016. School start times, sleep, behavioral, health, and academic outcomes: A review of the literature. J School Health. 86:363–81. doi:10.1111/josh.12388
  • Widome R, Berger AT, Iber C, Wahlstrom K, Laska MN, Kilian G, Redline S, Erickson DJ. 2020. Association of delaying school start time with sleep duration, timing, and quality among adolescents. JAMA Pediatr. 174:697–704. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0344
  • Winnebeck EC, Vuori-Brodowski MT, Biller AM, Molenda C, Fischer D, Zerbini G, Roenneberg T. 2020. Later school start times in a flexible system improve teenage sleep. Sleep. 43:zsz307. doi:10.1093/sleep/zsz307
  • Winsler A, Deutsch A, Vorona RD, Payne PA, Szklo-Coxe M. 2015. Sleepless in fairfax: The difference one more hour of sleep can make for teen hopelessness, suicidal ideation, and substance use. J Youth Adolesc. 44:362–78. doi:10.1007/s10964-014-0170-3
  • Wittmann M, Dinich J, Merrow M, Roenneberg T. 2006. Social jetlag: Misalignment of biological and social time. Chronobiol Int. 23:497–509. doi:10.1080/07420520500545979
  • Wolfson AR, Carskadon MA. 2003. Understanding adolescent’s sleep patterns and school performance: A critical appraisal. Sleep Med Rev. 7:491–506. doi:10.1016/S1087-0792(03)90003-7
  • Wolfson AR, Spaulding NL, Dandrow C, Baroni EM. 2007. Middle school start times: The importance of a good night’s sleep for young adolescents. Behav Sleep Med. 5:194–209. doi:10.1080/15402000701263809
  • Wong PM, Hasler BP, Kamarck TW, Muldoon MF, Manuck SB. 2015. Social jetlag, chronotype, and cardiometabolic risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 100:4612–20. doi:10.1210/jc.2015-2923
  • Wright KPJ, Linton SK, Withrow D, Casiraghi L, Lanza SM, Iglesia H, Vetter C, Depner CM. 2020. Sleep in university students prior to and during COVID-19 stay-at-home orders. Curr Biol. 30:R797–R798. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.022
  • Zung WW. 1965. A self-rating depression scale. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 12:63–70. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1965.01720310065008
  • Zung WW. 1972. The depression status inventory: An adjunct to the self-rating depression scale. J Clin Psychol. 28:539–43. doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197210)28:4<539::AID-JCLP2270280427>3.0.CO;2-S

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.