References
- American Counseling Association (2014). ACA Code of Ethics.
- Andersson, B., Luo, H., & Marcq, K. (2022). Reliability coefficients for multiple group item response theory models. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 75(2), 395–410. https://doi.org/10.1111/bmsp.12269
- Balkin, R. S., Hunter, Q., & Erford, B. E. (in press). Reliable for whom? Reviewing and estimating reliability across diverse populations. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 57(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/07481756.2023.2301286
- Barrio Minton, C. A., & Lenz, A. S. (2019). Applied research and program evaluation for helping professionals. Routledge.
- Blount, A. J., Bjornsen, A. L., Kissinger, D. B., Schneider, K., Vik, L., & Gonzalez-Voller, J. (2022). Wellness and professional quality of life in counselor-in-training interns: Assessment of wellness and non-wellness-infused supervision. Journal of Wellness, 3(3) https://doi.org/10.55504/2578-9333.1065
- Boamah, S. A., Hamadi, H. Y., Havaei, F., Smith, H., & Webb, F. (2022). Striking a balance between work and play: The effects of work-life interference and burnout on faculty turnover intentions and career satisfaction. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(2), Article 809. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020809
- Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T., & Rothstein, H. (2021). Introduction to meta-analysis (2nd ed.). Wiley.
- Bride, B. E., Radey, M., & Figley, C. R. (2007). Measuring compassion fatigue. Clinical Social Work Journal, 35(3), 155–163. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-007-0091-7
- Chan, L. F., Sahimi, H. M. S., & Mokhzani, A. R. (2022). Global call for action to prioritize healthcare worker suicide prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Crisis, 43(3), 163–169. https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000852
- DeVellis, R. F. (2012). Scale development: Theory and applications (3rd). Sage Publications.
- DeVellis, R. F. (2016). Scale development: Theory and applications (4th ed.). Sage.
- Dos Santos, M. A., Pereira, F. H., De Souza Caliari, J., Oliveira, H. C., Ceolim, M. F., & Andrechuk, C. R. S. (2022). Sleep and professional burnout in nurses, nursing technicians, and nursing assistants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Nursing Research, 30(4), e218. https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000501
- Duval, S., & Tweedie, R. (2000). Trim and fill: A simple funnel-plot-based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis. Biometrics, 56(2), 455–463. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0006-341X.2000.00455.x
- Embretson, S. E., & Reise, S. P. (2000). Item response theory for psychologists. Erlbaum.
- Figley, C. R. (Ed.) (1995). Compassion fatigue: Coping with secondary traumatic stress disorder. Brunner/Mazel.
- Fye, H. J., Cook, R. M., Choi, Y.-J., & Baltrinic, E. R. (2021). Professional quality of life and affective distress among prelicensed counselors. Journal of Counseling & Development, 99(4), 429–439. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12395
- Galiana, L., Oliver, A., Arena, F., De Simone, G., Tomás, J. M., Vidal-Blanco, G., Muñoz-Martínez, I., & Sansó, N. (2020). Development and validation of the short professional quality of life scale based on versions IV and V of the professional quality of life scale. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 18(1), 364. https://doi.org/10.1186/s1295502001618-3
- Garner, E. V., & Golijani-Moghaddam, N. (2021). Relationship between psychological flexibility and work-related quality of life for healthcare professionals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 21, 98–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2021.06.007
- Hotchkiss, J. T., & Wong, M. Y. C. (2022, May). Factorial structure of the ProQOL—Systematic meta-analysis and integration of 27 international factor analysis studies. Trends in Psychology, 1–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43076-022-00184-5
- Hughes, M. T., & Rushton, C. H. (2022). Ethics and well-being: The health professions and the COVID-19 pandemic. Academic Medicine: Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 97(3S), S98–S103. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000004524
- Kalkbrenner, M. T. (2023). Alpha, omega, and H internal consistency reliability estimates: Reviewing these options and when to use them. Counseling Outcome Research and Evaluation, 14(1), 77–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/21501378.2021.1940118
- Kim, M. S., Kim, T., Lee, D., Yook, J. H., Hong, Y. C., Lee, S. Y., Yoon, J. H., & Kang, M. Y. (2018). Mental disorders among workers in the healthcare industry: 2014 national health insurance data. Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 30(1), 31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0244-x
- Kline, P. (1994). An easy guide to factor analysis. Routledge.
- Kruse, C. S., Mileski, M., Dray, G., Johnson, Z., Shaw, C., & Shirodkar, H. (2022). Physician burnout and the electronic health record leading up to and during the first year of COVID-19: Systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 24(3), e36200. https://doi.org/10.2196/36200
- Lawson, G., & Myers, J. E. (2011). Wellness, professional quality of life, and career sustaining behaviors: What keeps us well? Journal of Counseling & Development, 89(2), 163–171. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2011.tb00074.x
- Lenz, A. S., Ault, H., Balkin, R. S., Barrio Minton, C., Erford, B. T., Hays, D. G., Kim, B. S. K., & Li, C. (2022). Responsibilities of Users of Standardized Tests (4th ed.). Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 55(4), 227–235. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481756.2022.2052321
- Lenz, A. S., & Lemberger-Truelove, M. E. (2023). The social determinants of mental health and professional counseling: A call to action. Journal of Counseling & Development, 101(4), 375–380. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12489
- Lenz, A. S., & Watson, J. C. (2023). A mixed methods evaluation of an integrated primary and behavioral health training program for counseling students. Counseling Outcome Research and Evaluation, 14(1), 28–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/21501378.2022.2063713
- Lenz, A. S., & Wester, K. L. (2017). Development and evaluation of assessments for counseling professionals. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 50(4), 201–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481756.2017.1361303
- Leung, T., Schmidt, F., & Mushquash, C. (2023). A personal history of trauma and experience of secondary traumatic stress, vicarious trauma, and burnout in mental health workers: A systematic literature review. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 15(Suppl 2), S213–S221. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001277
- Lewis, T. F. (2017). Evidence regarding the internal structure: Confirmatory factor analysis. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 50(4), 239–247. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481756.2017.1336929
- Lyng, H. B., Macrae, C., Guise, V., Haraldseid-Driftland, C., Fagerdal, B., Schibevaag, L., & Wiig, S. (2022). Capacities for resilience in healthcare. A qualitative study across different healthcare contexts. BMC Health Services Research, 22(1), 474. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-07887-6
- Mercado, M., Wachter, K., Schuster, R. C., Mathis, C. M., Johnson, E., Davis, O. I., & Johnson-Agbakwu, C. E. (2022). A cross-sectional analysis of factors associated with stress, burnout and turnover intention among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Health & Social Care in the Community, 30(5), e2690–e2701. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.13712
- Mullen, P. R., Blount, A. J., Lambie, G. W., & Chae, N. (2017). School counselors’ perceived stress, burnout, and job satisfaction. Professional School Counseling, 21(1), 2156759X1878246. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156759X18782468
- Mullen, P. R., Chae, N., Backer, A., & Niles, J. (2021). School counselor burnout, job stress, and job satisfaction by student caseload. NASSP Bulletin, 105(1), 25–42. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192636521999828
- Nassaji, H. (2020). The importance of using multiple measures or data sources in L2 instructional research. Language Teaching Research, 24(2), 131–135. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168820906908
- Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.) McGraw-Hill.
- Pester, D. A., Jones, L. K., & Talib, Z. (2023). Social determinants of mental health: Informing counseling practice and professional identity. Journal of Counseling & Development, 101(4), 392–401. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12473
- ProQOL (2016). A comprehensive bibliography of documents specifically using the ProQOL measure. Pocatello, ID: Center for Victims of Torture.
- Quinn, A., Ji, P., & Nackerud, L. (2018). Predictors of secondary traumatic stress among social workers: Supervision, income, and caseload size. Journal of Social Work, 19(4), 504–528. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468017318762450
- Rehder, K., Adair, K. C., & Sexton, J. B. (2021). The science of health care worker burnout: Assessing and improving health care worker well-being. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, 145(9), 1095–1109. https://doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2020-0557-RA
- Ricks, D., & Brannon, G. E. (2023). “It’s real. It’s a thing:” Mental health counselors’ listening exhaustion during COVID-19. Qualitative Research in Medicine and Healthcare, 7(2), 11261. https://doi.org/10.4081/qrmh.2023.11261
- Roberts, R., & Maylea, C. (2019). Is rural mental health workforce a policy imperative? Australian Journal of Rural Health, 27(5), 454–458. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajr.12541
- Samson, T., Iecovich, E., & Shvartzman, P, Management (2016). Psychometric characteristics of the Hebrew version of the professional quality-of-Life scale. Journal of Pain and Symptom, 52(4), 575–558., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2016.03.019
- Saperstein, A., Kizer, J. M., & Penner, A. M. (2016). Making the most of multiple measures: Disentangling the effects of different dimensions of race in survey research. American Behavioral Scientist, 60(4), 519–537. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764215613399
- Sheperis, C. J., Cuff, P., & Sheperis, D. (2023). Educating professional counselors about the social determinants of mental health. Journal of Counseling & Development, 101(4), 429–439. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12486
- Smallwood, N., Karimi, L., Bismark, M., Putland, M., Johnson, D., Dharmage, S. C., Barson, E., Atkin, N., Long, C., Ng, I., Holland, A., Munro, J. E., Thevarajan, I., Moore, C., McGillion, A., Sandford, D., & Willis, K. (2021). High levels of psychosocial distress among Australian frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey. General Psychiatry, 34(5), e100577. https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2021-100577
- Stamm, B. H. (2010). The concise ProQOL manual (2nd ed.). Proqol.org.
- Stosic, M. D., Blanch-Hartigan, D., Aleksanyan, T., Duenas, J., & Ruben, M. A. (2022). Empathy, friend or foe? Untangling the relationship between empathy and burnout in helping professions. The Journal of Social Psychology, 162(1), 89–108. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2021.1991259
- Tabur, A., Elkefi, S., Emhan, A., Mengenci, C., Bez, Y., & Asan, O. (2022). Anxiety, burnout and depression, psychological well-being as predictor of healthcare professionals’ turnover during the COVID-19 pandemic: Study in a pandemic hospital. Healthcare, 10(3), 525. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10030525
- Taubman, D. S., & Parikh, S. V. (2023). Understanding and addressing mental health disorders: A workplace imperative. Current Psychiatry Reports, 25(10), 455–463. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-023-01443-7
- Tavakol, M., & Dennick, R. (2011). Making Sense of Cronbach’s Alpha. International Journal of Medical Education, 2, 53–55. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.4dfb.8dfd
- Terry, D. L., & Woo, M. J. (2021). Burnout, job satisfaction, and work-family conflict among rural medical providers. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 26(2), 196–203. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1750663
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2022). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hospital and outpatient clinician workforce. Challenges and policy responses. Retrieved from https://aspe.hhs.gov/reports/covid-19-health-care-workforce
- Vacha-Haase, T., & Thompson, B. (2011). Score reliability: A retrospective look back at 12 years of reliability generalization studies. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 44(3), 159–168. https://doi.org/10.1177/0748175611409845