Comparison of outcomes of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with BMF protocol across 2 decades

References

• Ward ZJ, Yeh JM, Bhakta N, Frazier AL, Atun R. Estimating the total incidence of global childhood cancer: a simulation-based analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(4):483–493. PMID: 30824204. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30909-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steliarova-Foucher E, Colombet M, Ries LAG, IICC-3 contributors, et al. International incidence of childhood cancer, 2001–10: a population-based registry study. Lancet Oncol. 2017;18(6):719–731. PMID: 28410997. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30186-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonaventure A, Harewood R, Stiller CA, et al. Worldwide comparison of survival from childhood leukaemia for 1995–2009, by subtype, age, and sex (CONCORD-2): a population-based study of individual data for 89 828 children from 198 registries in 53 countries. Lancet Haematol. 2017;4:e202–e217. doi:10.1016/S2352-3026(17)30052-2.PMID: 28411119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frazier AL, Pineros M, Fuentes S, Bhakta N. The global burden of childhood cancer: Knowing what we do not know. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2017;64(8):e26532. 10.1002/pbc.26532. PMID: 28409882. doi:10.1002/pbc.26532.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hough R, Vora A. Crisis management in the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: putting right what can go wrong (emergency complications of disease and treatment). Hematol Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2017;2017(1):251–258. doi:10.1182/asheducation-2017.1.251.PMID: 29222263.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Razali RH, Noorizhab MNF, Jamari H, et al. Association of ABCC2 with levels and toxicity of methotrexate in Malaysian childhood acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2019;23:1–13. doi:10.1080/08880018.2019.1705949.PMID: 31870219.
   Google Scholar
• Pui CH, Yang JJ, Hunger SP, et al. Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Progress through collaboration. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(27):2938–2948. doi:10.1200/JCO.2014.59.1636.PMID: 26304874.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toft N, Birgens H, Abrahamsson J, et al. Results of NOPHO ALL2008 treatment for patients aged 1–45 years with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia. 2018;32(3):606–615. PMID: 28819280. doi:10.1038/leu.2017.265.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Güneş AM, Ören H, Baytan B, et al. The long-term results of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia at two centers from Turkey: 15 years of experience with the ALL-BFM 95 protocol. Ann Hematol. 2014;93(10):1677–1684. PMID: 24863691. doi:10.1007/s00277-014-2106-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hazar V, Karasu GT, Uygun V, Akcan M, Küpesiz A, Yesilipek A. Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Turkey: factors influencing treatment and outcome: a single center experience. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2010;32(8):e317–e322. doi:10.1097/MPH.0b013e3181ed163c.PMID: 20930649.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kocak U, Gursel T, Kaya Z, et al. ALL-BFM 95 treatment in Turkish children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia-experience of a single center. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2012;29(2):130–140. doi:10.3109/08880018.2011.629859.PMID: 22376016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reedijk AMJ, van der Heiden-van der Loo M, Visser O, et al. Site of childhood cancer care in the Netherlands. Eur J Cancer. 2017;87:38–46. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2017.09.030.PMID 29107860.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koka A, Saygin C, Uzunaslan D, Ozdemir N, Apak H, Celkan T. A 17-year experience with ALL-BFM protocol in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: prognostic predictors and interruptions during protocol. Leuk Res. 2014;38(6):699–705. doi:10.1016/j.leukres.2014.03.016.PMID: 24720908.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moricke A, Reiter A, Zimmermann M, German-Austrian-Swiss ALL-BFM Study Group, et al. Risk-adjusted therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia can decrease treatment burden and improve survival: treatment results of 2169 unselected pediatric and adolescent patients enrolled in the trial ALL-BFM 95. Blood. 2008;111(9):4477–4489. doi:10.1182/blood-2007-09-112920.PMID: 18285545.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schrappe M, Reiter A, Zimmermann M, et al. Long-term results of four consecutive trials in childhood ALL performed by the ALL-BFM study group from 1981 to 1995. Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster. Leukemia. 2000;14(12):2205–2222. PMID: 11187912. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2401973.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bürger B, Zimmermann M, Mann G, et al. Diagnostic cerebrospinal fluid examination in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: significance of low leukocyte counts with blasts or traumatic lumbar puncture. JCO. 2003;21(2):184–188. PMID: 12525508. doi:10.1200/JCO.2003.04.096.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gajjar A, Harrison PL, Sandlund JT, et al. Traumatic lumbar puncture at diagnosis adversely affects outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 2000;96(10):3381–3384. doi:10.1182/blood.V96.10.3381.PMID: 11071631.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howard SC, Gajjar AJ, Cheng C, et al. Risk factors for traumatic and bloody lumbar puncture in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Jama. 2002;288(16):2001–2007. doi:10.1001/jama.288.16.2001.PMID: 12387652.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rech A, de Carvalho GP, Meneses CF, Hankins J, Howard S, Brunetto AL. The influence of traumatic lumbar puncture and timing of intrathecal therapy on outcome of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2005;22(6):483–488. doi:10.1080/08880010591002242.PMID: 16169814.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Möricke A, Zimmermann M, Reiter A, et al. Long-term results of five consecutive trials in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia performed by the ALL-BFM study group from 1981 to 2000. Leukemia. 2010;24(2):265–284. PMID: 20010625 doi:10.1038/leu.2009.257.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunger SP, Mullighan CG. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(16):1541–1552. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1400972.PMID: 26465987.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cancela CS, Murao M, Viana MB, de Oliveira BM. Incidence and risk factors for central nervous system relapse in children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 2012;34(6):436–441. PMID: 23323068. doi:10.5581/1516-8484.20120109.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jastaniah W, Elimam N, Abdalla K, AlAzmi AA, Algamal A, Felimban S. Intrathecal dose intensification by CNS status at diagnosis in the treatment of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Hematology. 2019;24(1):369–377. doi:10.1080/16078454.2019.1590962.PMID: 30885098.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marwaha RK, Kulkarni KP, Bansal D, Trehan A. Central nervous system involvement at presentation in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: management experience and lessons. Leuk Lymphoma. 2010;51(2):261–268. doi:10.3109/10428190903470323.PMID: 20038226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaikh F, Voicu L, Tole S, et al. The risk of traumatic lumbar punctures in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Eur J Cancer. 2014;50(8):1482–1489. PMID: 24656342. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2014.02.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Te Loo DM, Kamps WA, van der Does-van den Berg A, van Wering ER, de Graaf SS. Prognostic significance of blasts in the cerebrospinal fluid without pleiocytosis or a traumatic lumbar puncture in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: experience of the Dutch Childhood Oncology Group. JCO. 2006;24(15):2332–2336. PMID: 16710032. doi:10.1200/JCO.2005.03.9727.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Totadri S, Trehan A, Srinivasan R, Bansal D, Bhatia P. Do traumatic lumbar punctures lead to greater relapses in acute lymphoblastic leukemia? Experience at a university hospital in India. Indian J Cancer. 2015;52(3):300–303. PMID: 26905118. doi:10.4103/0019-509X.176722.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winick N, Devidas M, Chen S, et al. Impact of initial CSF findings on outcome among patients with national cancer institute standard- and high-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A report from the Children's Oncology Group. JCO. 2017;35(22):2527–2534. PMID: 28535084. doi:10.1200/JCO.2016.71.4774.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Popov A, Henze G, Verzhbitskaya T, et al. Absolute count of leukemic blasts in cerebrospinal fluid as detected by flow cytometry is a relevant prognostic factor in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2019;145(5):1331–1339. doi:10.1007/s00432-019-02886-3.PMID: 30840196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunger SP, Mullighan CG. Redefining ALL classification: toward detecting high-risk ALL and implementing precision medicine. Blood. 2015;125(26):3977–3987. doi:10.1182/blood-2015-02-580043.PMID: 25999453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Möricke A, Zimmermann M, Valsecchi MG, et al. Dexamethasone vs prednisone in induction treatment of pediatric ALL: results of the randomized trial AIEOP-BFM ALL 2000. Blood. 2016;127(17):2101–2112. PMID: 26888258. doi:10.1182/blood-2015-09-670729.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pui CH, Carroll WL, Meshinchi S, Arceci RJ. Biology, risk stratification, and therapy of pediatric acute leukemias: an update. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(5):551–565. doi:10.1200/JCO.2010.30.7405.PMID: 21220611.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pui CH, Evans WE. Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2006;354(2):166–178. doi:10.1056/NEJMra052603.PMID: 16407512.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goto Y, Yamada S, Yamada SM, et al. Radiation-induced meningiomas in multiple regions, showing rapid recurrence and a high MIB 1 labeling index: a case report and review of the literature. World J Surg Oncol. 2014;12:123. doi:10.1186/1477-7819-12-123.PMID: 24767145.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oda K, Sato T, Watanabe T, et al. Radiation-induced World Health Organization grade II meningiomas in young patients following prophylactic cranial irradiation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. Three case reports. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2012;52(4):224–228. doi:10.2176/nmc.52.224.PMID: 22522336.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pui CH, Campana D, Pei D, et al. Treating childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia without cranial irradiation. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(26):2730–2741. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0900386.PMID: 19553647.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schrappe M, Möricke A, Reiter A, et al. Key treatment questions in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results in 5 consecutive trials performed by the ALL-BFM study group from 1981 to 2000. Klin Padiatr. 2013;225(S01):S62–S72. PMID: 23700060. doi:10.1055/s-0033-1337966.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Maurizi P, Russo I, Rizzo D, et al. Safe lumbar puncture under analgo-sedation in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Int J Clin Oncol. 2014;19(1):173–177. doi:10.1007/s10147-013-0521-1.PMID: 23389115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly MJ, Pauker SG, Parsons SK. Using nonrandomized studies to inform complex clinical decisions: the thorny issue of cranial radiation therapy for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2015;62(5):790–797. doi:10.1002/pbc.25451.PMID: 25755144.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pui CH, Pei D, Campana D, et al. A revised definition for cure of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia. 2014;28(12):2336–2343. PMID: 24781017. doi:10.1038/leu.2014.142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vora A, Andreano A, Pui CH, et al. Influence of cranial radiotherapy on outcome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with contemporary therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(9):919–926. doi:10.1200/JCO.2015.64.2850.PMID: 26755523.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeh TC, Liang DC, Hou JY, et al. Treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with delayed first intrathecal therapy and omission of prophylactic cranial irradiation: Results of the TPOG-ALL-2002 study. Cancer. 2018;124(23):4538–4547. doi:10.1002/cncr.31758.PMID: 30303520.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Advani PG, Schonfeld SJ, Curtis RE, et al. Risk of therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia after childhood cancer: a population-based study. Leukemia. 2019;33(12):2947–2978. doi:10.1038/s41375-019-0520-y.PMID: 31341236.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stary J, Zimmermann M, Campbell M, et al. Intensive chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results of the randomized intercontinental trial ALL IC-BFM 2002. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32(3):174–184. doi:10.1200/JCO.2013.48.6522.PMID: 24344215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui L, Li ZG, Chai YH, Chinese Children Leukemia Group (CCLG), et al. Outcome of children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with CCLG-ALL 2008: The first nation-wide prospective multicenter study in China. Am J Hematol. 2018;93(7):913–920. PMID: 29675840. doi:10.1002/ajh.25124.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar