A Comparison of Studies on the Effects of Controlled Exposure to Fine, Coarse and Ultrafine Ambient Particulate Matter from a Single Location

REFERENCES

• Becker S., Soukup J. M., Sioutas C., Cassee F. R. Response of human alveolar macrophages to ultrafine, fine, and coarse urban air pollution particles. Exp. Lung. Res. 2003; 29: 29–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck-Speier I., Dayal N., Karg E., Maier K. L., Schumann G., Schulz H., Semmler M., Takenaka S., Stettmaier K., Bors W., Ghio A., Samet J. M., Heyder J. Oxidative stress and lipid mediators induced in alveolar macrophages by ultrafine particles. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2005; 38: 1080–1092
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown J. S., Wilson W. E., Grant L. D. Dosimetric comparisons of particle deposition and retention in rats and humans. Inhal. Toxicol. 2005; 17: 355–385
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daigle C. C., Chalupa D. C., Gibb F. R., Morrow P. E., Oberdorster G., Utell M. J., Frampton M. W. Ultrafine particle deposition in humans during rest and exercise. Inhal. Toxicol. 2003; 15: 539–552
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diociaiuti M., Balduzzi M., De Berardis B., Cattani G., Stacchini G., Ziemacki G., Marconi A., Paoletti L. The two PM(2.5) (fine) and PM(2.5-10) (coarse) fractions: Evidence of different biological activity. Environ. Res. 2001; 86: 254–262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghio A. J., Hall A., Bassett M. A., Cascio W. E., Devlin R. B. Exposure to concentrated ambient air particles alters hematologic indices in humans. Inhal. Toxicol. 2003; 15: 1465–1478
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghio A. J., Kim C., Devlin R. B. Concentrated ambient air particles induce mild pulmonary inflammation in healthy human volunteers. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2000; 162: 981–988
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graff D. W., Devlin R. B. Mild Effects of Exposure to Concentrated Ambient Coarse PM on Young Healthy Volunteers, In preparation
   Google Scholar
• Ibald-Mulli A., Wichmann H. E., Kreyling W., Peters A. Epidemiological evidence on health effects of ultrafine particles. J. Aerosol Med. 2002; 15: 189–201
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kleinman M. T., Sioutas C., Chang M. C., Boere A. J., Cassee F. R. Ambient fine and coarse particle suppression of alveolar macrophage functions. Toxicol. Lett. 2003; 137: 151–158
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li N., Sioutas C., Cho A., Schmitz D., Misra C., Sempf J., Wang M., Oberley T., Froines J., Nel A. Ultrafine particulate pollutants induce oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. Environ. Health Perspect. 2003; 111: 455–460
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nemmar A., Hoylaerts M. F., Hoet P. H., Nemery B. Possible mechanisms of the cardiovascular effects of inhaled particles: Systemic translocation and prothrombotic effects. Toxicol. Lett. 2004; 149: 243–253
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nemmar A., Nemery B., Hoylaerts M. F., Vermylen J. Air pollution and thrombosis: An experimental approach. Pathophysiol. Haemost. Thromb. 2002; 32: 349–350
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Oberdorster G., Gelein R. M., Ferin J., Weiss B. Association of particulate air pollution and acute mortality: Involvement of ultrafine particles?. Inhal. Toxicol. 1995; 7: 111–124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oberdorster G., Sharp Z., Atudorei V., Elder A., Gelein R., Kreyling W., Cox C. Translocation of inhaled ultrafine particles to the brain. Inhal. Toxicol. 2004; 16: 437–445
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oberdorster G., Utell M. J. Ultrafine particles in the urban air: To the respiratory tract–and beyond?. Environ. Health Perspect. 2002; 110: A440–441
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pietropaoli A. P., Frampton M. W., Hyde R. W., Morrow P. E., Oberdorster G., Cox C., Speers D. M., Frasier L. M., Chalupa D. C., Huang L. S., Utell M. J. Pulmonary function, diffusing capacity, and inflammation in healthy and asthmatic subjects exposed to ultrafine particles. Inhal. Toxicol. 2004; 16: 59–72, (Suppl 1)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samet J. M., Graff D. W., Ghio A. J., Berntsen J., Devlin R. B. Effect of Exposure to Concentrated Ambient Ultrafine PM in Normal Healthy Volunteers, In preparation
   Google Scholar
• Schins R. P., Lightbody J. H., Borm P. J., Shi T., Donaldson K., Stone V. Inflammatory effects of coarse and fine particulate matter in relation to chemical and biological constituents. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2004; 195: 1–11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz J., Dockery D. W., Neas L. M. Is daily mortality associated specifically with fine particles?. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 1996; 46: 927–939
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva V. M., Corson N., Elder A., Oberdorster G. The rat ear vein model for investigating in vivo thrombogenicity of ultrafine particles (UFP). Toxicol. Sci. 2005; 85: 983–989
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wichmann H. E., Spix C., Tuch T., Wolke G., Peters A., Heinrich J., Kreyling W. G., Heyder J. Daily mortality and fine and ultrafine particles in erfurt, germany part I: Role of particle number and particle mass. Res. Rep. Health Eff. Inst, 2000; 5–86, discussion 87–94
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Xia T., Korge P., Weiss J. N., Li N., Venkatesen M. I., Sioutas C., Nel A. Quinones and aromatic chemical compounds in particulate matter induce mitochondrial dysfunction: Implications for ultrafine particle toxicity. Environ. Health Perspect. 2004; 112: 1347–1358
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar