162
Views
27
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original

Metformin administration modulates neurosteroids secretion in non-obese amenorrhoic patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

, , , , , , , & show all
Pages 36-43 | Received 12 Aug 2005, Accepted 12 Dec 2005, Published online: 07 Jul 2009

References

  • Knochenhauer E S, Key T J, Kahsar-Miller M, Waggoner W, Boots L R, Azziz R. Prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome in unselected black and white women of the southeastern United States: a prospective study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83: 3078–3082
  • Lucky A W, Rosenfield R L, McGuire J, Rudy S, Helke J. Adrenal androgen hyperresponsiveness to adrenocorticotropin in women with acne and/or hirsutism: adrenal enzyme defects and exaggerated adrenarche. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1986; 62: 840–848
  • Moran C, Reyna R, Boots L S, Azziz R. Adrenocortical hyperresponsiveness to corticotropin in polycystic ovary syndrome patients with adrenal androgens excess. Fertil Steril 2004; 81: 126–131
  • Ovalle F, Azziz R. Insulin resistance, the polycystic ovary syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Fertil Steril 2002; 77: 1095–1105
  • Nardo L G, Rai R. Metformin therapy in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: endocrine, metabolic and reproductive effects. Gynecol Endocrinol 2001; 15: 373–380
  • Barbieri R L, Makris A, Randall R W, Daniels G, Kistner R W, Ryan K J. Insulin stimulates androgen accumulation in incubations of ovarian stroma obtained from women with hyperandrogenism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1986; 62: 904–910
  • Heaney D, Majid A, Junor B. Bicarbonate haemodialysis as a treatment of metformin overdose. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1997; 12: 1046–1047
  • DeFronzo R A, Goodman A M. Efficacy of metformin in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Multicenter Metformin Study Group. N Engl J Med 1995; 333: 541–549
  • Genazzani A D, Battaglia C, Malavasi B, Strucchi C, Tortolani F, Gamba O. Metformin administration modulates and restores luteinizing hormone spontaneous episodic secretion and ovarian function in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2004; 81: 114–119
  • Nestler J E, Jakubowicz D J, Evans W S, Pasquali R. Effects of metformin on spontaneous and clomiphene-induced ovulation in the polycystic ovary syndrome. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 1876–1880
  • Vanky E, Kjotrod S B, Maesel A, Bjerve K S, Carlsen S M. Dexamethasone reduces androgen levels in metformin-treated patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2004; 81: 459–462
  • Baulieu E E, Robel P. Neurosteroids: a new brain function?. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1990; 37: 395–403
  • Paul S M, Purdy R H. Neuroactive steroids. FASEB J 1992; 6: 2311–2322
  • Mellon S H, Deschepper C F. Neurosteroid biosynthesis: genes for adrenal steroidogenic enzymes are expressed in the brain. Brain Res 1993; 629: 283–292
  • Robel P, Baulieu E E. Neurosteroids: biosynthesis and function. Trends Endocrinol Metab 1994; 5: 1–8
  • Genazzani A R, Petraglia F, Bernardi F, Casarosa E, Salvestroni C, Tonetti A, Nappi R E, Luisi S, Palumbo M, Purdy R H, et al. Circulating levels of allopregnanolone in humans: gender, age, and endocrine influences. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83: 2099–2103
  • Corpechot C, Young J, Calvel M, Wehrey C, Veltz J N, Touyer G, Mouren M, Prasad V V, Banner C, Sjovall J. Neurosteroids: 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one and its precursor in the brain, plasma, and steroidogenic glands of male, and female rats. Endocrinology 1993; 133: 1003–1009
  • Genazzani A D, Luisi M, Malavasi B, Strucchi C, Luisi S, Casarosa E, Bernardi F, Genazzani A R, Petraglia F. Pulsatile secretory characteristics of allopregnanolone, a neuroactive steroid, during the menstrual cycle and in amenorrheic subjects. Eur J Endocrinol 2002; 146: 347–356
  • Kolodziejczyk B, Duleba A J, Spaczynski R Z, Pawelczyk L. Metformin therapy decreases hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2000; 73: 1149–1154
  • Legro R S, Finegood D, Dunaif A. Fasting glucose to insulin ratio is a useful measure of insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83: 2694–2698
  • Genazzani A D, Petraglia F, Fabbri G, Monzani A, Montanini V, Genazzani A R. Evidence of luteinizing hormone secretion in hypothalamic amenorrhea associated with weight loss. Fertil Steril 1990; 54: 222–226
  • Genazzani A D, Petraglia F, Benatti R, Montanini V, Algeri I, Volpe A, Genazzani A R. Luteinizing hormone (LH) secretory burst duration is independent from LH, prolactin or gonadal steroid plasma levels in amenorrheic women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991; 72: 1220–1225
  • Genazzani A D, Stomati M, Bernardi F, Pieri M, Rovati L, Genazzani A R. Long-term low-dose dehydroepiandrosterone oral supplementation in early and late postmenopausal women modulates endocrine parameters and synthesis of neuroactive steroids. Fertil Steril 2003; 80: 1495–1501
  • Genazzani A D, Petraglia F, Pianazzi F, Volpogni C, Genazzani A R. The concomitant release of androstenedione with cortisol and luteinizing hormone pulsatile releases distinguishes adrenal from ovarian hyperandrogenism. Gynecol Endocrinol 1993; 7: 33–41
  • Oerter K E, Guardabasso V, Rodbard D. Detection and characterization of peaks and estimation of instantaneous secretory rate for episodic pulsatile hormone secretion. Comput Biomed Res 1986; 19: 170–191
  • Genazzani A D. Application of peak-detection programs to clinical data. Computers in endocrinology: Recent advances, V Guardabasso, D Rodbard, G Forti. Raven Press, New York 1990; 71–82
  • Genazzani A D, Rodbard D. Evaluation of methods for detection of pulsatile hormone secretion: sensitivity vs. specificity. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1991; 124: 295–306
  • Guardabasso V, Genazzani A D, Veldhuis J D, Rodbard D. Objective assessment of concordance of secretory events in two endocrine time-series. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1991; 124: 208–218
  • Ibanez L, Valls C, Ferrer A, Ong K, Dunger D B, De Zengher F. Additive effects of insulin-sensitizing and anti-androgen treatment in young, non obese women with hyperinsulinism, hyperandrogenism, dyslipidemia and anovulation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87: 2870–2874
  • Ibanez L, Valls C, Ferrer A, Marcos M V, Rodriguez Hierro F, De Zengher F. Sensitization to insulin induces ovulation in nonobese adolescents with anovulatory hyperandrogenism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86: 3595–3598
  • Taylor A E. Polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1998; 27: 877–902
  • Dunaif A. Insulin resistance and the polycystic ovary syndrome: mechanism and implications for pathogenesis. Endocr Rev 1997; 18: 774–800
  • La Marca A, Egbe T O, Morgante G, Paglia T, Ciani A, De Leo V. Metformin treatment reduces ovarian cytochrome P-450c17α response to human chorionic gonadotrophin in women with insulin resistance-related polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod 2000; 15: 21–23
  • Morin-Papunen L C, Koivunen R M, Ruokonen A, Martikainen H N. Metformin therapy improves the menstrual pattern with minimal endocrine metabolic effects in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 1998; 69: 691–696
  • Velazquez E M, Mendoza S, Hamer T, Sosa F, Glueck C J. Metformin therapy in polycystic ovary syndrome reduces hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and systolic blood pressure, while facilitating normal menses and pregnancy. Metabolism 1994; 43: 647–654
  • De Leo V, La Marca A, Ditto A, Morgante G, Cianci A. Effects of metformin on gonadotropin-induced ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 1999; 72: 282–285
  • De Leo V, La Marca A, Petraglia F. Insulin-lowering agents in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocr Rev 2003; 24: 633–667
  • Faray-Ewans L, Reyna R, Knochenhauer E S, Bartolucci A A, Azziz R. Glucose action and adrenocortical biosynthesis in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2004; 81: 120–125
  • Adams J, Polson D W, Franks S. Prevalence of polycystic ovaries in women with anovulation and idiopathic hirsutism. Br Med J 1986; 293: 355–359
  • Clayton R N, Ogden V, Hodgkinson J, Worswick L, Rodin D A, Dyer S, Meade T W. How common are polycystic ovaries in normal women and what is their significance for the fertility of the population?. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1992; 37: 127–134
  • Genazzani A D, Petraglia F, Battaglia C, Gamba O, Volpe A, Genazzani A R. A long-term treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist plus a low-dose oral contraceptive improves the recovery of the ovulatory function in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 1997; 67: 463–468
  • De Leo V, La Marca A, Orvieto R, Morgante G. Effect of metformin on insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I and IGF-binding protein I in polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85: 1598–1600
  • Genazzani A D, Battaglia C, Gamba O, Petraglia F, Malavasi B, Genazzani A R. The use of a combined regimen of GnRH agonist plus a low-dose oral contraceptive improves the spontaneous pulsatile LH secretory characteristics in patients with polycystic ovary disease after discontinuation of treatment. J Assist Reprod Genet 2000; 17: 269–275

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.