Biological and clinical aspects in laser hair removal

References

• Olsen EA, Methods of hair removal. J Am Acad Dermatol (1999) 40: 143–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nanni CA, Alster TS, Optimizing treatment parameters for hair removal using a topical carbon-based solution and 1064-nm Q-switched neodymium: YAGlaser energy. Arch Dermatol (1997) 133: 1546–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goldberg DJ, Unwanted hair: evaluation and treatment with lasers and light source technology. Adv Dermatol (1999) 14: 115–40.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DiBernando BE, Perez J, Usal H et al, Laser hair removal. Clin Plast Surg (2000) 27: 199–11.
   Google Scholar
• Sun TT, Costsarelis G, Lavker RM, Hair follicular stem cells: the bulge-activation hypothesis. J Invest Dermatol (1991) 96: 77S-8S.
   Google Scholar
• Abel E, Embryology and anatomy of hair follicle. In: Olsen EA, ed. Disorders of Hair Growth: Diagnosis and Treatment. McGraw-Hill: New York, NY, 1994: 1–9.
   Google Scholar
• Lin TYD, Manuskiatti W, Dierickx C et al, Hair cycle affects hair follicle destruction by ruby laser pulses. J Invest Dermatol (1998) 111: 107–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes CL, Hirsutism. In: Olsen EA, ed. Disorders of Hair Growth: Diagnosis and Treatment. McGraw-Hill: New York, NY, 1994: 337–50.
   Google Scholar
• Richards RN, Uy M, Meharg G, Temporary hair removal in patients with hirsutism: a clinical study. Cutis (1990) 45: 199–202.
   Google Scholar
• Kligman A, The human hair cycles. J Invest Dermatol (1959) 33: 307–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ort RJ, Dierickx C, Laser hair removal. Semin Cutan Med Surg (2002) 21: 129–44.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anderson RR, Parrish JA, Selective photothermolysis: precise microsurgery by selective absorption of pulsed radiation. Science (1983) 220: 524–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross EV, Ladin Z, Kreindel M, Dierickx C, Theoretical considerations in laser hair removal. Dermatol Clin (1999) 17: 333–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogachefsky AS, Silapunt S, Goldberg DJ, Evaluation of a new super-long-pulsed 810 nm diode laser for the removal of unwanted hair: the concept of thermal damage time. Dermatol Surg (2002) 28: 410–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiskerstrand EJ, Svaasand LO, Nelson JS, Hair removal with long pulsed diode lasers: a comparison between two systems with different pulse structures. Lasers Surg Med (2003) 32: 399–404.
   Google Scholar
• Altshuler GB, Anderson RR, Manstein D et al, Extended theory of selective photothermolysis. Lasers Surg Med (2001) 29: 416–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson RR, Parrish JA, The optics of human skin. J Invest Dermatol (1981) 77: 13–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson RR, Laser-tissue interactions. In: Goldman MP, Fitzpatrick RE, eds. Cutaneous Laser Surgery: The Art and Science of Selective Photo-thermolysis. Mosby-Year Book: St Louis, 1994: 1–18.
   Google Scholar
• Lou WW, Quintana AT, Geronemus RG, Grossman MC, Prospective study of hair reduction by diode laser (800 nm) with long-term follow-up. Dermatol Surg (2000) 26: 428–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nestor MS, Laser hair removal: clinical results and practical applications of selective photothermolysis. Skin Aging (1998) 10: 34–9.
   Google Scholar
• Lask G, Elman M, Slatkine M, Laser-assisted hair removal by selective photothermolysis. Preliminary results. Dermatol Surg (1997) 23: 737–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lask G, Eckhouse S, Slatkin M et al, The role of laser and intense light source in photoepilation: a comparative evaluation. J Cutan Laser Ther (1999) 1: 3–13.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dierickx C, Hair removal by lasers and intense pulsed light sources. Dermatol Clin (2002) 20: 135–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allison KP, Kiernan MN, Waters RA, Clement RM, Evaluation of the ruby 694 Chromos for hair removal in various skin sites. Lasers Med Sci (2003) 18: 165–70.
   Google Scholar
• Campos VB, Dierickx CC, Farinelli WA et al, Ruby laser hair removal: evaluation of long term efficacy and side effects. Lasers Surg Med (2000) 26: 177–85.
   Google Scholar
• Polderman MC, Pavel S, le Cessie S et al, Efficacy, tolerability, and safety of a long-pulsed ruby laser system in the removal of unwanted hair. Dermatol Surg (2000) 26: 240–3.
   Google Scholar
• Grossman MC, Dierickx C, Farinelli W et al, Damage to hair follicles by normal-mode ruby laser pulses. J Am Acad Dermatol (1996) 35: 889–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chana JS, Grobbelaar AO, The long-term results of ruby laser depilation in a consecutive series of 346 patients. Plast Reconstr Surg (2002) 110: 254–60.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gault DT, Grobbelaar AO, Grover R et al, The removal of unwanted hair using a ruby laser. Br J Plast Surg (1999) 52: 173–7.
   Google Scholar
• Wimmershoff MB, Scherer K, Lorenz S et al, Hair removal using a 5-msec long pulsed ruby laser. Dermatol Surg (2000) 26: 205–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McDaniel DH, Lord J, Ash K et al, Laser hair removal: a review and report on the use of the long-pulsed alexandrite laser for hair reduction of the upper lip, leg, back, and bikini region. Dermatol Surg (1999) 25: 425–30.
   Google Scholar
• Laughlin SA, Dudley DK, Long-term hair removal using a 3-millisecond alexandrite laser. J Cutan Med Surg (2000) 4: 83–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lloyd JR, Mirkov M, Long-term evaluation of the long- pulsed alexandrite laser for the removal of bikini hair at shortened treatment intervals. Dermatol Surg (2000) 26: 633–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Garcia C, Alamoudi H, Nakib M, Zimmo S, Alexandrite laser hair removal is safe for Fitzpatrick skin types IV-VI. Dermatol Surg (2000) 26: 130–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ort RJ, Dierickx C, Laser hair removal. Semin Cutan Med Surg (2002) 21: 129–44.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sanchez LA, Perez M, Azziz R, Laser hair reduction in the hirsute patient: a critical assessment. Hum Reprod Update (2002) 8: 169–81.
   Google Scholar
• Dierickx CC, Grossman MC, Farinelli WA, Hair removal by a pulsed, infrared diode laser system. Lasers Surg Med (1998) 10 (suppl): 198.
   Google Scholar
• Campos VB, Effect of pretreatment on the incidence of side effects following laser hair removal with long pulsed diode laser in skin types III and IV. Lasers Surg Med (2000) 26: 177–85.
   Google Scholar
• Lou WW, Quintana AT, Geronemus RG, Grossman MC, Prospective study of hair reduction by diode laser (800 nm) with long term follow-up. Dermatol Surg (2000) 26: 428–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sadick NS, Prieto VG, The use of a new diode laser for hair removal. Dermatol Surg (2003) 29: 30–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogachefsky AS, Becker K, Weiss G, Goldberg DJ, Evaluation of a long-pulsed Nd: YAGlaser at different parameters: an analysis of both fluence and pulse duration. Dermatol Surg (2002) 28: 932-5; discussion 936.
   Google Scholar
• Lorenz S, Brunnberg S, Landthaler M, Hohenleutner U, Hair removal with the long pulsed Nd: YAGlaser: a prospective study with one year follow-up. Lasers Surg Med (2002) 30: 127–34.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goldberg DJ, Littler CM, Wheeland RG, Topical suspen- sion-assisted Q-switched Nd: YAGlaser hair removal. Dermatol Surg (1997) 23: 741–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldberg DJ, Samady JA, Evaluation of a long-pulse Q- switched Nd: YAGlaser for hair removal. Dermatol Surg (2000) 26: 109–13.
   Google Scholar
• Raulin C, Greve B, Grema H, IPL technology: a review. Lasers Surg Med (2003) 32: 78–87.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gold MH, Bell MW, Foster TD et al, Long-term epilation using the EpiLight broad band, intense pulsed light hair removal system. Dermatol Surg (1997) 23: 909–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss RA, Weiss MA, Marwaha S, Harrington AC, Hair removal with a non-coherent filtered flashlamp intense pulsed light source. Lasers Surg Med (1999) 24: 128–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sadick NS, Weiss RA, Shea CR et al, Long-term photoepilation using a broad-spectrum intense pulsed light source. Arch Dermatol (2000) 136: 1336–40.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Liew SH, Laser hair removal: guidelines for manage- ment. Am J Clin Dermatol (2002) 3: 107–15.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SDRH Consumer Information. http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/ consumer/laserfacts.html Lin TY, Manuskiatti W, Dierickx CC et al, Hair growth cycle affects hair follicle destruction by ruby laser pulses. J Invest Dermatol (1998) 111: 107–13.
   Google Scholar
• Dierickx CC, Campos VB, Lin D et al, Influence of hair growth cycle on efficacy of laser hair removal. Lasers Surg Med (1999) 11 (suppl): 21.
   Google Scholar
• Oliver RF, The experimental induction of whisker growth in the hooded rat by implantation of dermal papillae. J Embryol Exp Morph (1967) 18: 46–51.
   Google Scholar
• Cotsarelis G, Sun TT, Lavker RM, Label-retaining cells reside in the bulge area of pilosebaceous unit: implica- tions for follicular stem cells, hair cycle, and skin carcinogenesis. Cell (1990) 61: 1329–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holecek BU, Ackerman AB, Bulge-activation hypothesis is it valid? Am J Dermatol (1993) 15: 235–57.
   Google Scholar
• Hussain M, Polnikorn N, Goldberg DJ, Laser-assisted hair removal in Asian skin: efficacy, complications, and the effect of single versus multiple treatments. Dermatol Surg (2003) 29: 249–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lanigan SW, Incidence of side effects after laser hair removal. J Am Acad Dermatol (2003) 49: 882–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu SY, Lee CC, Wu YY, Hair removal by long-pulse alexandrite laser in oriental patients. Ann Plast Surg (2001) 47: 404–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nanni CA, Alster TS, Laser assisted hair removal: side effects of Q-switched Nd: YAG,long-pulsed ruby, and alexandrite lasers. J Am Acad Dermatol (1999) 41: 165–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adrian RM, Shay KP, 800 nanometer diode laser hair removal in African American patients: a clinical and histologic study. J Cutan Laser Ther (2000) 2: 183–90.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nelson JS, Majaron B, Kelly KM, Active skin cooling in conjunction with laser dermatologic surgery. Semin Cutan Med Surg (2000) 19: 253–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lou WW, Geronemus RG, Dermatologic laser surgery. Semin Cutan Med Surg (2002) 21: 107–28.
   Google Scholar
• Moretti M, The worldwide epilation market. Medical Insight Inc. www.miinews.com, Version 2, December 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Waldorf HA, Optimizing laser hair removal. Cosmetic Dermatol (2002) 15: 53–7.
   Google Scholar