445
Views
42
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
CASE REPORT

Botulinum toxin A treatment for contouring of the lower leg

, , &
Pages 250-254 | Received 27 Jul 2005, Accepted 05 Jul 2006, Published online: 12 Jul 2009

References

  • Ahnert‐Hilger G., Bigalke H. Molecular aspects of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxin poisoning. Prog Neurobiol 1995; 46: 83–96
  • Borodic G. E., Ferrante R. J., Pearce L. B., Alderson K. Pharmacology and histology of the therapeutic application of botulinum toxin. Therapy with botulinum toxin, J Jankovic, M Hallett. Marcel Dekker, , New York 1994; 119
  • Moore A. P., Wood G. D. The medical management of masseteric hypertrophy with botulinum toxin type A. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1994; 32: 26–8
  • Smyth A. G. Botulinum toxin treatment in bilateral masseteric hypertrophy. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1994; 32: 29–33
  • Von Lindern J. J., Niederhagen B., Appel T., Berge S., Reich R. H. Type A botulinum toxin for the treatment of hypertrophy of masseter and temporal muscles: an alternative treatment. Plast Reconstr Surg 2001; 107: 327–32
  • To E. W., Ahuja A. T., Ho W. S., King W. W., Wong W. K., Pang P. C., et al. A prospective study of the effect of botulinum toxin A on masseteric muscle hypertrophy with ultrasonographic and electromyographic measurement. Br J Plast Surg 2001; 54: 197–200
  • Park M. Y., Ahn K. Y., Jung D. S. Botulinum toxin type A treatment for the contouring of the lower face. Dermatol Surg 2003; 29: 477–83
  • Kim H. J., Yum K. W., Lee S. S., Heo M. S., Seo K. Effects of botulinum toxin type A on bilateral masseteric hypertrophy evaluated with computed tomographic measurement. Dermatol Surg 2003; 29: 484–9
  • Choe S. W., Cho W. I., Lee C. K., Seo S. J. Effects of botulinum toxin type A on contouring of the lower face. Dermatol Surg 2005; 31: 502–8
  • Kim I. G., Hwang S. H., Lew J. M., Lee H. Y. Endoscope‐assisted calf reduction in Orientals. Plast Reconstr Surg 2000; 106: 713–18
  • Schuman M. Some Korean women go to great lengths to show a little leg. Tired of their thick calves, they find surgical solution. Wall Street Journal. February 21 2001
  • Seo K. I., Hwang J. H., Eun H. C. Treatment of calf hypertrophy with botulinum toxin [In Korean]. Kor J Dermatol 2002; 40: S69
  • Lee H. J., Lee D. W., Park Y. H., Cha M. K., Kim H. S., Ha S. J. Botulinum toxin A for aesthetic contouring of enlarged medial gastrocnemius muscle. Dermatol Surg 2004; 30: 867–71
  • Lowe N. J. Botulinum toxin type A for facial rejuvenation. United States and United Kingdom perspectives. Dermatol Surg 1998; 24: 1216–18
  • Aoki K. R. Preclinical update on Botox‐purified neurotoxin complex relative to other botulinum neurotoxin preparations. Eur J Neurol 1999; 6: S3–10
  • Nussgens Z., Roggenkamper P. Comparison of two botulinum‐toxin preparations in the treatment of essential blepharospasm. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1997; 235: 197–9
  • Aoki K. R. Pharmacology and immunology of botulinum toxin type A. Clin Dermatol 2003; 21: 476–80
  • Simonetta Moreau M., Cauhepe C., Magues J. P., Senard J. M. A double‐blind, randomized, comprehensive study of Dysport vs. Botox in primary palmar hyperhidrosis. Br J Dermatol 2003; 149: 1041–5
  • Le Louarn C. Botulinum toxin A and facial lines: the variable concentration. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2001; 25: 73–84
  • Kim N. H., Chung J. H., Park R. H., Park J. B. The use of botulinum toxin type A in aesthetic mandibular contouring. Plast Reconstr Surg 2005; 115: 919–30

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.