Vitamin E and β-carotene affect natural killer cell function

References

• Black HS & Mathews-Roth MM (1991): Protective role of butylated hydroxytoluene and certain carotenoids in photocarcinogens. Photochem. Photobiol. 53, 707–716.
   Google Scholar
• Block G, Paterson B & Subar A (1992): Fruits, vegetables and cancer prevention: a review of the epidemiological evidence. Nutr. Cancer 18, 1–29.
   Google Scholar
• Blot WJ, Li JY , Taylor PR et al. (1993): Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China: supplementation with specific vitamins/mineral combinations, cancer incidence, and disease specific mortality in general population. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85, 1483–1492.
   Google Scholar
• Corwin LM & Shloss J (1980): Influence of vitamin E on the mitogenic response of murine lymphoid cells. J. Nutr. 110, 916–923.
   Google Scholar
• Filep JG, Baron C, Lachance S et al. (1996): Involvement of nitric oxide in target cell lysis and DNA fregmentation induced by murine natural killer cells. Blood 87, 5136–5143.
   Google Scholar
• Guthrie N, Gapor A, Chambers AF et al. (1994): Inhibition of proliferation of MDA-MB-435 human breast cancer cells by individual tocotrienols from palm oil. Proc. Ann. Meet. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 35, A37–A49.
   Google Scholar
• Kagi D, Ledermann B, Burki K et al. (1994): Cytotoxicity mediated by T cells and natural killer cells is greatly impaired in perforin deficient mice. Nature 369, 31–37.
   Google Scholar
• Knekt P, Aromaa A, Maatela J et al. (1988): Serum vitamin E and risk of cancer among Finish men during a ten-year follow up. Am. J. Epidemiol. 127, 28–41.
   Google Scholar
• Komiyama K & YamaokaM (1993): In Vitamin E in Health and Disease, ed. L Packer & J Fuchs, pp. 529–532. New York: Marcel Dekker.
   Google Scholar
• Lathia D, Braasch, A & Theissen U (1988): Inhibitory effect of vitamin C and E on in vitro formation of N-nitrosamine under physiological conditions. Gastro-intestinal Res. 14, 151–156.
   Google Scholar
• Lessard M, Yang WC , Elliot GS et al. (1991): Cellular immune responses in pigs fed a vitamin E and selenium deficient diet. J. Animal Sci. 69, 1572–1582.
   Google Scholar
• Meydani SN & Hayek M (1992): Vitamin E and immune response. In Proceedings of International Conference on Nutrition and Immunity, ed. RK Chandra pp. 105–128. St John’s, New Foundland: ARTS Biochemical Publishers and Distributors.
   Google Scholar
• Meydani SN, Leka L & Loszewski R. (1994): Long-term vitamin E supplementation enhances cell-mediated immunity in healthy elderly. FASEB J. 8, A274.
   Google Scholar
• Nesaretnam K, Guthrie N, Chambers AF et al. (1995): Effect of tocotrienols on the growth of a human breast cancer cell line in a culture. Lipids 30, 1139–1143.
   Google Scholar
• Peto R, Doll R, Buckley JD et al. (1981): Can dietary b-carotene materially reduce human cancer rates? Nature 290, 201–208.
   Google Scholar
• Prabhala RH, Garewal HS , Hicks MJ et al. (1991): The effect of 13-cis retinoic acid and b-carotene on cellular immunity in humans. Cancer 67, 1556–1660.
   Google Scholar
• Ringer TV, De Loof MJ , Winterrowd GE et al. (1991): Beta-carotene’s effect on serum lipoproteins and immunological indices in humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 53, 688–694.
   Google Scholar
• Salonen JT, Salomen R, Lappetalainen R et al. (1985): Risk of cancer in relation to serum concentrations of selenium and vitamins A and E; matched care control analysis of prospective data. Brit. Med. J. 290, 417–420.
   Google Scholar
• Shi L, Kruat RP , Aebersold R et al. (1992): A natural killer cell granule protein that induces DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. J. Exp. Med. 175, 553–556.
   Google Scholar
• Shresta S, Maclvor DM , Hensel JW et al. (1995): Natural killer and lympohokine activated killer cells require granzyme B for rapid induction of apoptosis in susceptible target cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 92, 5679–5683.
   Google Scholar
• Snedecor GW & Cochran WG (1976): Statistical Methods, 6th edn, p. 327. Ames: Iowa State University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Van Poppel G, Kok FJ , Duijzings P & DeVogel N (1992): No influence of b-carotene on smoking induced DNA damage as reflected by sister chromatid exchanges. Int. J. Cancer 51, 355–358.
   Google Scholar
• Van Poppel G, Spanhaak S & Ockhuizen T (1993): Effect of b-carotene on immunological indexes in healthy male smokers. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 57, 4402–4407.
   Google Scholar
• Walsh CM, MatloubianM, Liu C-C Ueda et al. (1994): Immune functions in mice lacking the perforin gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 91, 10854–10858.
   Google Scholar
• Yu W, Heim K & Qian M (1997): Evidence for role of transforming growth factor beta in RRR alpha-tocopheryl succinate-induced apoptosis of human MDA-MD-35 breast cancer cells. Nutr. Cancer 27, 267–278.
   Google Scholar
• Yuan JM, Wang QS , Ross RK et al. (1995): Diet and breast cancer in Shanghai and Tianjin, China. Br. J. Cancer 71, 1353–1358.
   Google Scholar
• Zheng W, Blot WJ , Diamond EL et al. (1993): Serum micronutrients and the subsequent risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer. Cancer Res. 53, 795–798.
   Google Scholar
• Ziegler RG (1989): A review of epidemiological evidence that carotenoids reduce the risk of cancer. J. Nutr. 19, 116–122.
   Google Scholar