3,423
Views
116
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Case Study

The treatment of phantom limb pain using immersive virtual reality: Three case studies

, , , , , & show all
Pages 1465-1469 | Accepted 01 Nov 2006, Published online: 07 Jul 2009

References

  • Jensen T S, Krebs B, Nielsen J, Rasmussen P. Phantom limb, phantom pain and stump pain in amputees during the first 6 months following limb amputation. Pain 1983; 17: 243–256
  • Katz J. Psychophysiological contribution to phantom limbs. Can J Psychiatry 1992; 37: 282–298
  • Wartan S W, Hamann W, Wedley J R, McColl I. Phantom pain and sensation among British veteran amputees. Br J Anaesthesia 1997; 78: 652–659
  • Sherman R A, Sherman C J. Prevalence and characteristics of chronic phantom limb pain among American veterans. Am J Phys Med 1983; 62: 227–238
  • Dolezal J M, Vernick S H, Khan N, Lutz D, Tyndall C. Factors associated with use and nonuse of an AK prosthesis in a rural, southern, geriatric population. Int J Rehabil Health 1998; 4(4)245–251
  • Murray C D. The social meanings of prosthesis use. J Health Psychol 2005; 10(3)425–441
  • Ramachandran V S. Filling in the gaps in perception. Part II: Scotomas and phantom limbs. Curr Dir Psychol Sci 1993; 2: 56–65
  • Ramachandran V S, Rogers-Ramachandran D. Synaesthesia in phantom limbs induced with mirrors. Proc R Soc London, B Biol Sci 1996; 263: 377–386
  • Brodie E E, Whyte A, Waller B. Increased motor control of a phantom leg in humans results from the visual feedback of a virtual leg. Neurosci Lett 2003; 341(2)167–169
  • MacLachlan M, McDonald D, Waloch J. Mirror treatment of lower limb phantom pain: a case study. Dis Rehabil 2004; 26: 904–907
  • Brodie E, Whyte A, Niven C. Analgesia through the looking-glass? A randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of viewing a ‘virtual’ limb upon phantom limb pain, sensation and movement, Available online via Science Direct http://www.sciencedirect.com/
  • Miall R C, Wolpert D M. Forward models for physiological motor control. Neural Networks 1996; 9: 1265–1279
  • Blakemore S J, Wolpert D, Frith C D. Abnormalities in the awareness of action. Trends Cogn Sci 2002; 6: 237–242
  • Murray C D, Pettifer S, Caillette F, Patchick E, Howard T (2005) Immersive virtual reality as a rehabilitative technology for phantom limb experience. IWVR 2005: The 4th International Workshop on Virtual Rehabilitation. September, 19 – 212005, A Rizzo, S Yeh. University of Southern California, , California, 144–151
  • Murray C D, Patchick E, Pettifer S, Caillette F, Howard T. Immersive virtual reality as a rehabilitative technology for phantom limb experience: A protocol. Cyber Psychol Behav 2006; 9(2)167–170
  • Murray C D, Patchick E, Caillette F, Howard T, Pettifer S. Can immersive virtual reality reduce phantom limb pain?. Medicine meets virtual reality 14, J D Westwood, R S Haluck, H M Hoffman, G T Mogel, R Phillips, R A Robb, K G Vosburgh. IOS Press, , California, 407–412
  • Melzack R. The McGill pain questionnaire: major properties and scoring methods. Pain 1975; 1: 277–279
  • Murray C D. An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the embodiment of artificial limbs. Dis Rehabil 2004; 26(16)963–973
  • McCabe C S, Haigh R C, Halligan P, Blake D R. Simulating sensory-motor incongruence in health volunteers: implications for a cortical model of pain. Rheumatology 2005; 44: 509–516

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.