‘Sorry, I’m dead, it’s too late now’: barriers faced by D/deaf citizens when accessing police services

References

• Ackroyd, V., and B. Wright. 2018. “Working with British Sign Language (BSL) Interpreters: Lessons from Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in the UK.” Journal of Communication in Healthcare 11 (3): 195–204. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/17538068.2018.1492218.
   Google Scholar
• Action on Hearing Loss. 2015. “About Deafness and Hearing Loss—Statistics.” Accessed 20 August 2019. https://www.actiononhearingloss.org.uk/your-hearing/about-deafness-and-hearing-loss/statistics.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Arlinger, S. 2003. “Negative Consequences of Uncorrected Hearing Loss – a Review.” International Journal of Audiology 42 (sup2): 17–20. doi:https://doi.org/10.3109/14992020309074639.
   Google Scholar
• Baines, D. 2007. “Unravelling the Anomaly of Deafness.” In Deafness and Challenging Behaviour, edited by S. Austen and D. Jeffrey. London: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Baines, D., N. Patterson, and S. Austen. 2010. “An Investigation into the Length of Stay for Deaf Mental Health Service Users.” Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education 15 (2): 179–184. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/enq003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, V. and V. Clarke. 2012. “Thematic Analysis.” In APA Handbook of Research Methods in Psychology. Vol 2. Research Designs, edited by H. Cooper. Washington DC: APA.
   Google Scholar
• British Deaf Association. 2015. Fast Facts About the Deaf Community. Accessed June 5, 2017. https://bda.org.uk/fast-facts-about-the-deaf-community/
   Google Scholar
• British Deaf Association. 2017. Charter for British Sign Language. London: British Deaf Association.
   Google Scholar
• Child, B., M. Oschwald, M. A. Curry, R. B. Hughes, and L. E. Powers. 2011. “Understanding the Experience of Crime Victims with Disabilities and Deaf Victims.” Journal of Policy Practice 10 (4): 247–267. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15588742.2011.605829.
   Google Scholar
• Edwards, R. 1998. “A Critical Examination of the Use of Interpreters in the Qualitative Research Process.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 24 (1): 197–208. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.1998.9976626.
   Google Scholar
• Edwards, C. 2013. “Spacing Access to Justice: Geographical Perspectives on Disabled People's Interactions with the Criminal Justice System as Victims of Crime.” Area 45 (3): 307–313. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/area.12034.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edwards, C. 2014. “Pathologising the Victim: Law and the Construction of People with Disabilities as Victims of Crime in Ireland.” Disability & Society 29 (5): 685–698. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2013.844099.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Equality and Human Rights Commission. (June 2020). Inclusive Justice: A System Designed For All. https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/publication-download/inclusive-justice-system-designed-all
   Google Scholar
• Flores, J. G., and G. C. Alonso. 1995. “Using Focus Groups in Educational Research: Exploring Teachers’ Perspectives on Educational Change.” Evaluation Review 19 (1): 84–101. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0193841X9501900104.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, J. 1995a. “Boiled Eggs and Baked Beans: A Personal account of a Hearing Researcher’s.” Disability & Society .” 10 (3): 295–308. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599550023543.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, J. 1995b. The Cultural Meaning of Deafness. Aldershot: Avebury Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Harris, J., and C. Bamford. 2001. “The Uphill Struggle: Services for Deaf and Hard of Hearing People - Issues of Equality, Participation and Access.” Disability & Society 16 (7): 969–979. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09687590120097854.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawthorn, D. 2000. “Possible Implications of Aging for Interface Designers.” Interacting with Computers 12 (5): 507–528. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-5438(99)00021-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Her Majesty’s Inspectorate Constabulary. 2013. “Policing in Austerity: Rising to the Challenge.” Accessed October 18, 2019. https://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmic/media/policing-in-austerity-rising-to-the-challenge.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Jones, L., K. Atkin, and W. I. U. Ahmad. 2001. “Supporting Asian Deaf Young People and Their Families: The Role of Professionals and Services.” Disability & Society 16 (1): 51–70. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/713662035.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly, L. 2017. “Suffering in Silence: The Unmet Needs of d/Deaf Prisoners.” Prison Service Journal 234: 3–15.
   Google Scholar
• Kroll, T., R. Barbour, and J. Harris. 2007. “Using Focus Groups in Disability Research.” Qualitative Health Research 17 (5): 690–698. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732307301488.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lane, H. 1995. “Constructions of Deafness.” Disability & Society 10 (2): 171–189. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599550023633.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewthwaite, S., and A. James. 2020. “Accessible at Last?: What Do New European Digital Accessibility Laws Mean for Disabled People in the UK?” Disability & Society 35 (8): 1360–1365. doi:https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2020.1717446..
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCay, V. and K. Miller. 2005. “Obstacles Faced by Deaf People in the Criminal Justice System.” American Annals of the Deaf 150 (3): 283–291. doi:https://doi.org/10.1353/aad.2005.0036.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan, D. L. 1997. Focus Groups as Qualitative Research (2nd edn). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Napier, J. 2002. “The D/Deaf – H/Hearing Debate.” Sign Language Studies 2 (2): 141–149. doi:https://doi.org/10.1353/sls.2002.0006.
   Google Scholar
• Napier, J. 2016. “When Dealing with the Police, Deaf People are at a Major Disadvantage.” The Conversation. Accessed 26 July 2019. http://theconversation.com/when-dealing-with-the-police-deaf-people-are-at-a-major-disadvantage-62027
   Google Scholar
• Napier, J., and M. Leneham. 2011. “It Was Difficult to Manage the Communication’: Testing the Feasibility of Video Remote Signed Language Interpreting in Courts in Nsw, Australia.” Journal of Interpretation 21 (1): 53–62.
   Google Scholar
• Napier, J., and L. Leeson. 2016. Sign Language in Action. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• National Union of British Sign Language Interpreters. 2019. Government urged to address shortage of BSL/English interpreters. Accessed May 7, 2020. https://nubsli.com/nub-posts/government-urged-to-address-shortage-of-bslenglish-interpreters/
   Google Scholar
• Ohene-Djan, J., M. Hersh, and S. Naqvi. 2010. “Investigating Road Safety Issues and Deaf People in the United Kingdom: An Empirical Study and Recommendations for Good Practice.” Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community 38 (4): 290–305. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2010.509021.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• O'Rourke, S., and G. Grewer. 2005. “Assessment of Deaf People in Forensic Mental Health Settings: A Risky Business!.” Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology 16 (4): 671–684. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14789940500279877.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Race, L., and T. E. Hogue. 2018. “You Have the Right to Remain Silent’: Current Provisions for D/Deaf People within Regional Police Forces in England and Wales.” The Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles 91 (1): 64–88. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0032258X16689689.
   Google Scholar
• Smithson, J. 2000. “Using and Analysing Focus Groups: Limitations and Possibilities.” International Journal of Social Research Methodology 3 (2): 103–119. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/136455700405172.
   Google Scholar
• Steinberg, A. G., V. J. Sullivan, and R. C. Loew. 1998. “Cultural and Linguistic Barriers to Mental Health Service Access: The Deaf consumer's perspective.” The American Journal of Psychiatry 155 (7): 982–984. doi:https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.7.982.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Temple, B., and A. Young. 2004. “Qualitative Research and Translation Dilemmas.” Qualitative Research 4 (2): 161–178. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794104044430.
   Google Scholar
• Verity, A. 1997. Police and Deaf People. London: Home Office Police Policy Directorate.
   Google Scholar
• Willoughby, L. 2014. “Unpacking Barriers to Quality Care for Deaf People in Residential Aged Care Facilities.” Disability & Society 29 (2): 173–183. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2013.776492.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young, A., and R. Hunt. 2011. “Research with d/Deaf People.” In Methods Review 9. London: NIHR School for Social Care Research. Accessed July 26, 2019. http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/41800/1/SSCR_Methods_Review_9_web.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Young, A., and B. Temple. 2014. Approaches to Social Research. New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar