948
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Editor's Choice

Perspectives of people with opioid use disorder on improving addiction treatments and services

, , &
Pages 316-327 | Received 21 Apr 2020, Accepted 02 Oct 2020, Published online: 15 Oct 2020

References

  • Ball, J., & Ross, A. (1991). The effectiveness of methadone maintenance treatment. Springer.
  • Ball, S. A., Carroll, K. M., Canning-Ball, M., & Rounsaville, B. J. (2006). Reasons for dropout from drug abuse treatment: Symptoms, personality, and motivation. Addictive Behaviors, 31(2), 320–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.05.013
  • Bell, J., Belackova, V., & Lintzeris, N. (2018). Supervised injectable opioid treatment for the management of opioid dependence. Drugs, 78(13), 1339–1352. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-018-0962-y
  • Bell, J., Burrell, T., Indig, D., & Gilmour, S. (2006). Cycling in and out of treatment; participation in methadone treatment in NSW, 1990–2002. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81(1), 55–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.05.010
  • Bell, J., Chan, J., & Kuk, A. (1995). Investigating the influence of treatment philosophy on outcome of methadone maintenance. Addiction, 90(6), 823–830. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1995.tb02231.x
  • Bentzley, B. S., Barth, K. S., Back, S. E., & Book, S. W. (2015). Discontinuation of buprenorphine maintenance therapy: Perspectives and outcomes. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 52, 48–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2014.12.011
  • Bojko, M. J., Mazhnaya, A., Marcus, R., Makarenko, I., Islam, Z., Filippovych, S., Dvoriak, S., & Altice, F. L. (2016). The future of opioid agonist therapies in Ukraine: A qualitative assessment of multilevel barriers and ways forward to promote retention in treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 66, 37–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2016.03.003
  • Brandt, L., Unger, A., Moser, L., Fischer, G., & Jagsch, R. (2016). Opioid maintenance treatment-A call for a joint European quality care approach. European Addiction Research, 22(1), 36–51. https://doi.org/10.1159/000432395
  • Brisacier, A.-M., & Collin, C. (2014). Les traitements de substitution aux opiacés en France: données récentes. Tendances, Retrieved from: http://www.ofdt.fr/BDD/publications/docs/eftxabua.pdf
  • Bruneau, J., Ahamad, K., Goyer, M.-È., Poulin, G., Selby, P., Fischer, B., Wild, T. C., & Wood, E. (2018). Management of opioid use disorders: A national clinical practice guideline. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal de L'association Medicale Canadienne, 190 (9), E247–257. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.170958
  • Bullinger, M. (2002). Assessing health related quality of life in medicine. an overview over concepts, methods and applications in international research. Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, 20(3–4), 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02214-9
  • Caplehorn, J. R., Irwig, L., & Saunders, J. B. (1996). Physicians’ attitudes and retention of patients in their methadone maintenance programs. Substance Use & Misuse, 31(6), 663–677. https://doi.org/10.3109/10826089609045833
  • Centre de Recherche et d’Aide pour Narcomanes. (2020). Services bas seuil Relais. Retrieved from: http://www.cran.qc.ca/fr/nos-services-cliniques/nos-services-bas-seuil-relais
  • Charles, K., Gafni, A., & Whelan, T. (1999). Decision-making in the physician-patient encounter: Revisiting the shared treatment decision-making model. Social Science & Medicine, 49(5), 651–661. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(99)00145-8
  • Cicero, T. J., Lynskey, M., Todorov, A., Inciardi, J. A., & Surratt, H. L. (2008). Co-morbid pain and psychopathology in males and females admitted to treatment for opioid analgesic abuse. Pain, 139(1), 127–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2008.03.021
  • Collins, A. B., Boyd, J., Cooper, H. L., & McNeil, R. (2019). The intersectional risk environment of people who use drugs. Social Science & Medicine, 234, 112384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112384
  • Connery, H. S. (2015). Medication-assisted treatment of opioid use disorder: Review of the evidence and future directions. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 23(2), 63–75. https://doi.org/10.1097/HRP.0000000000000075
  • Corsi, K. F., Lehman, W. K., & Booth, R. E. (2009). The effect of methadone maintenance on positive outcomes for opiate injection drug users. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 37(2), 120–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2008.11.004
  • Croft, S., & Beresford, P. (1990). From paternalism to participation: Involving people in social services. Open Services Project/Joseph Rowntree Foundation.
  • Dassieu, L. (2013). Les Seuils de la substitution: Regard sociologique sur l’accès aux traitements de substitution aux opiacés. Psychotropes, 19(3), 149–172. https://doi.org/10.3917/psyt.193.0149
  • De Jong-Verhagen, J. G., & De Jong, C. A. J. (2001). Cliënten en behandelingsteam: Op een lijn? Een methode voor het inschatten van doelen en verwachtingen van cliënten en behandelingsteam in een beschermende woonvoorziening. (Clients and treatment staff: At the same level? A method to estimate treatment goals and expectations of clients and treatment staff in supported housing). Maandblad Geestelijke Volksgezondheid, 56, 1057–1071. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764009354835
  • De Maeyer, J., Vanderplasschen, W., & Broekaert, E. (2009). Exploratory study on drug users’ perspectives on quality of life: More than health-related quality of life? Social Indicators Research, 90(1), 107–126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-008-9315-7
  • Deering, D. E. A., Sheridan, J., Sellman, J. D., Adamson, S. J., Pooley, S., Robertson, R., & Henderson, C. (2011). Consumer and treatment provider perspectives on reducing barriers to opioid substitution treatment and improving treatment attractiveness. Addictive Behaviors, 36(6), 636–642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.01.004
  • Diamond, G. S., Liddle, H. A., Wintersteen, M. B., Dennis, M. L., Godley, S. H., & Tims, F. (2006). Early therapeutic alliance as a predictor of treatment outcome for adolescent cannabis users in outpatient treatment. American Journal on Addictions, 15 (s1), 26–s33. https://doi.org/10.1080/10550490601003664
  • Downey, K. K., Helmus, T. C., & Schuster, C. R. (2000). Treatment of heroin-dependent poly-drug abusers with contingency management and buprenorphine maintenance. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 8(2), 176–184. https://doi.org/10.1037/1064-1297.8.2.176
  • Eastwood, B., Strang, J., & Marsden, J. (2017). Effectiveness of treatment for opioid use disorder: A national, five-year, prospective, observational study in England. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 176, 139–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.013
  • Egan, J. E., Netherland, J., Gass, J., Finkelstein, R., & Weiss, L. (2011). Patient perspectives on buprenorphine/naloxone treatment in the context of HIV care. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 56 (Suppl. 1), S46–S53. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182097561
  • Eibl, J. K., Morin-Taus, K. A., & Marsh, D. C. (2016). Too much or never enough: A response to treatment of opioid disorders in Canada: Looking at the ‘other epidemic’. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 11(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-016-0076-z
  • Fakhoury, W. K. H., Priebe, S., & Quraishi, M. (2005). Goals of new long-stay patients in supported housing: A UK study. The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 51(1), 45–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764005053273
  • Fast, M., Du Plessis, E., Poetz, A., Ross, S. (2011). Outreach with vulnerable populations. National collaborating centre for infectious diseases. Retrieved from: https://nccid.ca/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/04/PP_32_EN.pdf
  • Fiellin, D. A., Barry, D. T., Sullivan, L. E., Cutter, C. J., Moore, B. A., O'Connor, P. G., & Schottenfeld, R. S. (2013). A randomized trial of cognitive behavioral therapy in primary care-based buprenorphine. The American Journal of Medicine, 126 (1), 74.e11–74.e17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2012.07.005
  • Finfgeld, D. L. (2004). Empowerment of individuals with enduring mental health problems: results from concept analyses and qualitative investigations. ANS. Advances in Nursing Science, 27(1), 44–52. [PMID: 15027661] https://doi.org/10.1097/00012272-200401000-00006
  • Fischer, G., Nava, F., & Stöver, H. (2012). Outcomes of opioid-dependence treatment across Europe: Identifying opportunities for improvement. Heroin Addiction and Related Clinical Problems, 14, 39–50.
  • Fischer, J., & Neale, J. (2008). Involving drug users in treatment decisions: An exploration of potential problems. Drugs: Education, Prevention & Policy, 15(2), 161–175. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687630701391604
  • Fox, A. D., Masyukova, M., & Cunningham, C. O. (2016). Optimizing psychosocial support during office-based buprenorphine treatment in primary care: Patients’ experiences and preferences. Substance Abuse, 37(1), 70–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2015.1088496
  • Friedrichs, A., Spies, M., Härter, M., & Buchholz, A. (2016). Patient preferences and shared decision making in the treatment of substance use disorders: A systematic review of the literature. PLoS One, 11(1), e0145817. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145817
  • Gerra, G., Saenz, E., Busse, A., Maremmani, I., Ciccocioppo, R., Zaimovic, A., Gerra, M. L., Amore, M., Manfredini, M., Donnini, C., & Somaini, L. (2011). Supervised daily consumption, contingent take-home incentive and non-contingent take-home in methadone maintenance. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 35(2), 483–489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.12.002
  • Gerstein, D. R., & Harwood, H. J. (1990). Treating drug problems. Vol. 1. A study of the evolution, effectiveness, and financing of public and private drug treatment systems. National Academy Press.
  • Gilman, M., Li, L., Hudson, K., Lumley, T., Myers, G., Corte, C., & Littlewood, R. (2018). Current and future options for opioid use disorder: A survey assessing real-world opinion of service users on novel therapies including depot formulations of buprenorphine. Patient Preference and Adherence, 12, 2123–2129. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S180641
  • Global Commission on Drug Policy. (2017). Position paper: The opioid crisis in North America. Retrieved from: http://www.globalcommissionondrugs.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/2017-GCDP-Position-Paper-Opioid-Crisis-ENG.pdf
  • Godersky, M. E., Saxon, A. J., Merrill, J. O., Samet, J. H., Simoni, J. M., & Tsui, J. I. (2019). Provider and patient perspectives on barriers to buprenorphine adherence and the acceptability of video directly observed therapy to enhance adherence. Addiction Science & Clinical Practice, 14(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13722-019-0139-3
  • Gouvernement du Québec. (2018). Opioid overdose. Retrieved from: https://santemontreal.qc.ca/en/public/advice-and-prevention/opioid-overdose/
  • Government of Canada. (2020). Opioid-related harms in Canada Published: (March 2020) Retrieved from: https://health-infobase.canada.ca/substance-related-harms/opioids/
  • Granerud, A., & Toft, H. (2015). Opioid dependency rehabilitation with the opioid maintenance treatment programme—A qualitative study from the clients’ perspective. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 10(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-015-0031-4
  • Greenfield, S. F., Brooks, A. J., Gordon, S. M., Green, C. A., Kropp, F., McHugh, R. K., Lincoln, M., Hien, D., & Miele, G. M. (2007). Substance abuse treatment entry, retention, and outcome in women: A review of the literature. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 86(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.05.012
  • Hser, Y. I., Hoffman, V., Grella, C. E., & Anglin, M. D. (2001). A 33-year follow-up of narcotics addicts. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58(5), 503–508. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.58.5.503
  • Ilgen, M., Tiet, Q., Finney, J., & Moos, R. H. (2006). Self-efficacy, therapeutic alliance, and alcohol-use disorder treatment outcomes. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 67(3), 465–472. https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.2006.67.465
  • Institut de la Statistique. (2020). Regions and RCMS at a glance: Montreal. Retrieved from: https://www.stat.gouv.qc.ca/statistiques/profils/region_06/region_06_00_an.htm
  • Institut National de Santé Publique (INSPQ). (2020). Surdose d’opioïdes. Retreived from: https://www.inspq.qc.ca/surdoses-opioides
  • Joosten, E. A. G., De Weert-Van Oene, G. H., Sensky, T., Van Der Staak, C. P. F., & De Jong, C. A. J. (2011). Treatment goals in addiction healthcare: The perspectives of patients and clinicians. The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 57(3), 263–276. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764009354835
  • Judson, G., Bird, R., O’Connor, P., Bevin, T., Loan, R., Schroder, M., McGrath, R., Weatherall, M., Moriarty, H., & Robinson, G. (2010). Drug injecting in patients in New Zealand Methadone Maintenance Treatment programs: An anonymous survey. Drug and Alcohol Review, 29(1), 41–46. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-3362.2009.00080.x
  • Khazaee-Pool, M., Moeeni, M., Ponnet, K., Fallahi, A., Jahangiri, L., & Pashaei, T. (2018). Perceived barriers to methadone maintenance treatment among Iranian opioid users. International Journal for Equity in Health, 17(1), 75. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-018-0787-z
  • Kourounis, G., Richards, B. D. W., Kyprianou, E., Symeonidou, E., Malliori, M.-M., & Samartzis, L. (2016). Opioid substitution therapy: Lowering the treatment thresholds. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 161, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.12.021
  • L’Écuyer, R. (1988). L’analyse de contenu: notion et étapes. In J. P. Deslauriers (Ed.), Les méthodes de la recherche qualitative. (pp. 49–65). Les Presses de l’Université du Québec.
  • Laudet, A. B., Stanick, V., & Sands, B. (2009). What could the program have done differently? A qualitative examination of reasons for leaving outpatient treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 37(2), 182–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2009.01.001
  • Leclerc, P., Morissette, C. (2015). Surdoses sévères liées à la consommation de drogues de rue à Montréal: Résultats de l’enquête de 2014 et recommandations. Retrieved from: https://santemontreal.qc.ca/fileadmin/user_upload/Uploads/tx_asssmpublications/pdf/publications/978-2-89673-513-6.pdf
  • Leclerc, P., Roy, E., Morissette, C., Alary, M., Parent, R., Blouin, K. (2017). Surveillance des maladies infectieuses chez les utilisateurs de drogues par injection. Retrieved from Institut National de Surveillance des Maladies Infectieuses du Québec: http://www.inspq.qc.ca
  • Légaré, F., & Witteman, H. O. (2013). Shared decision making: Examining key elements and barriers to adoption into routine clinical practice. Health Affairs, 32(2), 276–284. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2012.1078
  • Ling, W., Hillhouse, M., Ang, A., Jenkins, J., & Fahey, J. (2013). Comparison of behavioral treatment conditions in buprenorphine maintenance. Addiction, 108 (10), 1788–1798. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12266
  • Look, K. A., Kile, M., Morgan, K., & Roberts, A. (2019). Community pharmacies as access points for addiction treatment. Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy: RSAP, 15(4), 404–409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2018.06.006
  • Luoma, J. B., Twohig, M. P., Waltz, T., Hayes, S. C., Roget, N., Padilla, M., & Fisher, G. (2007). An investigation of stigma in individuals receiving treatment for substance abuse. Addictive Behaviors, 32(7), 1331–1346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.09.008
  • Madden, L. M., Farnum, S. O., Eggert, K. F., Quanbeck, A. R., Freeman, R. M., Ball, S. A., Schottenfeld, R. S., Shi, J. M., Savage, M. E., & Barry, D. T. (2018). An investigation of an open-access model for scaling up methadone maintenance treatment. Addiction, 113 (8), 1450–1458. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.14198
  • Madras, B. K., Ahmad, N. J., Wen, J., Sharfstein, J, & the Prevention, Treatment, and Recovery Working Group of the Action Collaborative on Countering the U.S. Opioid Epidemic. (2020). Improving access to evidence-based medical treatment for opioid use disorder: Strategies to address key barriers within the treatment system. Perspectives | Expert Voices in Health & Health Care. Retrieved from: https://nam.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Improving-Access-to-Evidence-Based-Medical-Treatment-for-OUD_FINAL.pdf
  • Magura, S., Nwakeze, P. C., Kang, S.-Y., & Demsky, S. (1999). Program quality effects on patient outcomes during methadone maintenance: A study of 17 clinics. Substance Use & Misuse, 34(9), 1299–1324. https://doi.org/10.3109/10826089909039410
  • Marchand, K., Beaumont, S., Westfall, J., MacDonald, S., Harrison, S., Marsh, D. C., Schechter, M. T., & Oviedo-Joekes, E. (2019). Conceptualizing patient-centered care for substance use disorder treatment: Findings from a systematic scoping review. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 14(1), 37 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-019-0227-0
  • Marshall, C., Piat, M., & Perreault, M. (2018). Exploring the psychological benefits and challenges experienced by peer-helpers participating in take-home naloxone programmes: A rapid review. Drugs: Education, Prevention & Policy, 25(3), 280–291. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2016.1269724
  • Marshall, T., Kinnard, E. N., Hancock, M., King-Jones, S., Olson, K., Abba-Aji, A., Rittenbach, K., & Vohra, S. (2018). Patient engagement, treatment preferences and shared decision-making in the treatment of opioid use disorder in adults: A scoping review protocol. BMJ Open, 8(10), e022267. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022267
  • McEachern, J., Adye-White, L., Priest, K. C., Moss, E., Gorfinkel, L., Wood, E., Cullen, W., & Klimas, J. (2019). Lacking evidence for the association between frequent urine drug screening and health outcomes of persons on opioid agonist therapy. The International Journal on Drug Policy, 64, 30–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.08.006
  • Meade, K., & Carter, T. (1990). Empowering older users: Some starting points. In L. Winn (Ed.), Power to the people: The key to responsive services in health & social care. (pp. 19–27). The King’s Fund.
  • Meier, P. S., Donmall, M. C., McElduff, P., Barrowclough, C., & Heller, R. F. (2006). The role of the early therapeutic alliance in predicting drug treatment dropout. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 83(1), 57–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.10.010
  • Minozzi, S., Amato, L., Vecchi, S., Davoli, M., Kirchmayer, U., & Verster, A. (2011). Oral naltrexone maintenance treatment for opioid dependence. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (4), Cd001333. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001333.pub3
  • Mitchell, S. G., Morioka, R., Reisinger, H. S., Peterson, J. A., Kelly, S. M., Agar, M. H., Brown, B. S., O'Grady, K. E., & Schwartz, R. P. (2011). Redefining retention: Recovery from the patient’s perspective. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 43(2), 99–107. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2011.587392
  • Monico, L. B., Mitchell, S. G., Gryczynski, J., Schwartz, R. P., O’Grady, K. E., Olsen, Y. K., & Jaffe, J. H. (2015). Prior experience with non-prescribed buprenorphine: Role in treatment entry and retention. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 57, 57–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2015.04.010
  • Morin, K. A., Eibl, J. K., Franklyn, A. M., & Marsh, D. C. (2017). The opioid crisis: Past, present and future policy climate in Ontario, Canada. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 12(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-017-0130-5
  • Muthulingam, D., Bia, J., Madden, L. M., Farnum, S. O., Barry, D. T., & Altice, F. L. (2019). Using nominal group technique to identify barriers, facilitators, and preferences among patients seeking treatment for opioid use disorder: A needs assessment for decision making support. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 100, 18–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2019.01.019
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2020). Overdose death rates. Retrieved from: https://www.drugabuse.gov/related-topics/trends-statistics/overdose-death-rates
  • Neale, J., Bloor, M., Berney, L., & Fischer, J. (2006). Feel good factor. Druglink, 21(1), 20–21.
  • Nordfjaern, T., Rundmo, T., & Hole, R. (2010). Treatment and recovery as perceived by patients with substance addiction. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 17(1), 46–64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2009.01477.x
  • Nordheim, K., Walderhaug, E., Alstadius, S., Kern-Godal, A., Arnevik, E., & Duckert, F. (2018). Young adults’ reasons for dropout from residential substance use disorder treatment. Qualitative Social Work: QSW: Research and Practice, 17(1), 24–40. https://doi.org/10.1177/1473325016654559
  • Nosyk, B., Anglin, M. D., Brissette, S., Kerr, T., Marsh, D. C., Schackman, B. R., Wood, E., & Montaner, J. S. G. (2013). A call for evidence-based medical treatment of opioid dependence in the United States and Canada. Health Affairs, 32(8), 1462–1469. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2012.0846
  • Notley, C., Holland, R., Maskrey, V., Nagar, J., & Kouimtsidis, C. (2014). Regaining control: The patient experience of supervised compared with unsupervised consumption in opiate substitution treatment. Drug and Alcohol Review, 33(1), 64–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.12079
  • Office fédéral de la santé publique (OFSP). (2013). Dépendance aux opioïdes–Traitements basés sur la substitution. Retrieved from: http://www.vd.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/themes/sante/Dependances/Drogues_illegales/BAG_Brosch_SGB_f_5__def_220713_1_.pdf
  • Oldfield, B. J., Muñoz, N., Boshnack, N., Leavitt, R., McGovern, M. P., Villanueva, M., Tetrault, J. M., & Edelman, E. J. (2019). “No more falling through the cracks”: A qualitative study to inform measurement of integration of care of HIV and opioid use disorder. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 97, 28–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2018.11.007
  • Orlíková, B. (2018). Predictors of the successful treatment of addiction to heroin and other illicit opioids. Systematic review. Adiktologie, 18, 105–116.
  • Oviedo-Joekes, E., Guh, D., Brissette, S., Marchand, K., MacDonald, S., Lock, K., Harrison, S., Janmohamed, A., Anis, A. H., Krausz, M., Marsh, D. C., & Schechter, M. T. (2016). Hydromorphone compared with diacetylmorphine for long-term opioid dependence: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry, 73(5), 447–455. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.0109
  • Paillé, P., & Mucchielli, A. (2008). L'analyse qualitative en sciences humaines et sociales. Armand Colin.
  • Perreault, M., Julien, D., White, N. D., Rabouin, D., Lauzon, P., & Milton, D. (2015). Psychological predictors of retention in a low-threshold methadone maintenance treatment for opioid addicts: A 1-year follow-up study. Substance Use & Misuse, 50 (1), 24–31. https://doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2014.957769
  • Perreault, M., Sabetti, J., Archambault, L., & Goyer, M.-È. (2017). Can oral opioid agonist treatment models inform retention in services for highly vulnerable patients needing supervised injectable treatment? Unpublished manuscript. Douglas Hospital Research Centre.
  • Poliquin, H. (2017). Penser et percevoir autrement les personnes qui font usage de drogues par injection. Drogues, Santé et Société, 16(2), 104–124. https://doi.org/10.7202/1041855ar
  • Polydorou, S., Ross, S., Coleman, P., Duncan, L., Roxas, N., Thomas, A., Mendoza, S., & Hansen, H. (2017). Integrating buprenorphine into an opioid treatment program: Tailoring care for patients with opioid use disorders. Psychiatric Services, 68(3), 295–298. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201500501
  • Priest, K. C., Gorfinkel, L., Klimas, J., Jones, A. A., Fairbairn, N., & McCarty, D. (2019). Comparing Canadian and United States opioid agonist therapy policies. The International Journal on Drug Policy, 74, 257–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.01.020
  • Rance, J., & Treloar, C. (2015). “We are people too”: Consumer participation and the potential transformation of therapeutic relations within drug treatment”. The International Journal on Drug Policy, 26(1), 30–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.05.002
  • Reisinger, H. S., Schwartz, R. P., Mitchell, S. G., Peterson, J. A., Kelly, S. M., O'Grady, K. E., Marrari, E. A., Brown, B. S., & Agar, M. H. (2009). Premature discharge from methadone treatment: Patient perspectives. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 41(3), 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2009.10400539
  • Robinson, J. H., Callister, L. C., Berry, J. A., & Dearing, K. A. (2008). Patient-centered care and adherence: Definitions and applications to improve outcomes. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 20(12), 600–607. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7599.2008.00360.x
  • Rounsaville, B. J., & Kleber, H. D. (1985). Untreated opiate addicts. How do they differ from those seeking treatment? Archives of General Psychiatry, 42(11), 1072–1077. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1985.01790340050008
  • Scott, C. K., Grella, C. E., Nicholson, L., & Dennis, M. L. (2018). Opioid recovery initiation: Pilot test of a peer outreach and modified Recovery Management Checkup intervention for out-of-treatment opioid users. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 86, 30–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2017.12.007
  • Shemilt, M., Langlois, E., Dubé, M.-A., Gagné, M., Perron, P.-A., Dubé, P.-A. (2017). Décès attribuables aux intoxications par opioïdes au Québec, 2000 à 2012: mise à jour 2013–2016. Retrieved from Institut national de santé publique du Québec: https://www.inspq.qc.ca/sites/default/files/publications/2298_deces_attribuables_opioides.pdf
  • Sleeper, J. A., & Bochain, S. S. (2013). Stigmatization by nurses as perceived by substance abuse patients: A phenomenological study. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 3(7), 92–98. https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v3n7p92
  • Soeffing, J. M., Martin, L. D., Fingerhood, M. I., Jasinski, D. R., & Rastegar, D. A. (2009). Buprenorphine maintenance treatment in a primary care setting: Outcomes at 1 year. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 37(4), 426–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2009.05.003
  • Srivastava, A., Kahan, M., & Nader, M. (2017). Primary care management of opioid use disorders: Abstinence, methadone, or buprenorphine-naloxone? Canadian Family Physician Medecin de Famille Canadien, 63(3), 200–205.
  • Stöver, H. (2011). Barriers to opioid substitution treatment access, entry and retention: A survey of opioid users, patients in treatment, and treating and non-treating physicians. European Addiction Research, 17(1), 44–54. https://doi.org/10.1159/000320576
  • Strang, J., Groshkova, T., Metrebian, N. (2012). New heroin-assisted treatment: Recent evidence and current practices of supervised injectable heroin treatment in Europe and beyond (Research Report No. 11). Retrieved from European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction: https://publications.europa.eu/s/kVoT
  • Strike, C., & Rufo, C. (2010). Embarrassing, degrading, or beneficial: Patient and staff perspectives on urine drug testing in methadone maintenance treatment. Journal of Substance Use, 15(5), 303–312. https://doi.org/10.3109/14659890903431603
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2018). Medications for opioid use disorder for healthcare and addiction professionals, policymakers, patients, and families. TIP 63 Treatment Improvement Protocol. Retrieved from: https://store.samhsa.gov/system/files/sma18-5063fulldoc.pdf
  • Taha, S. (2018). Best Practices across the Continuum of care for treatment of opioid use disorder. Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction.
  • Teruya, C., Schwartz, R. P., Mitchell, S. G., Hasson, A. L., Thomas, C., Buoncristiani, S. H., Hser, Y.-I., Wiest, K., Cohen, A. J., Glick, N., Jacobs, P., McLaughlin, P., & Ling, W. (2014). Patient perspectives on buprenorphine/naloxone: A qualitative study of retention during the Starting Treatment with Agonist Replacement Therapies (START) study. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 46(5), 412–426. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2014.921743
  • Tikberg, F. (2017). Transforming treatments by long-acting medications forward-looking statements. Retrieved from Camurus website: https://www.camurus.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Camurus-Company-Presentation-CARNEGIE-NYC-171205.pdf
  • Trujols, J., González-Saiz, F., Manresa, M. J., Alcaraz, S., Batlle, F., Duran-Sindreu, S., & Pérez de los Cobos, J. (2017). Patient perception of methadone dose adequacy in methadone maintenance treatment: The role of perceived participation in dosage decisions. Patient Education and Counseling, 100 (5), 981–986. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2016.12.001
  • Ward, J, (2000). Part C: The case of community methadone treatment programs. In: World Health Organization (Ed.), Evaluation of psychoactive substance use disorder treatment: Workbook 6–client satisfaction evaluations (pp. 32–36). World Health Organization.
  • White, A. G., Birnbaum, H. G., Mareva, M. N., Daher, M., Vallow, S., Schein, J., & Katz, N. (2005). Direct costs of opioid abuse in an insured population in the United States. Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy, 11(6), 469–479. https://doi.org/10.18553/jmcp.2005.11.6.469
  • Whiteford, H. A., Degenhardt, L., Rehm, J., Baxter, A. J., Ferrari, A. J., Erskine, H. E., Charlson, F. J., Norman, R. E., Flaxman, A. D., Johns, N., Burstein, R., Murray, C. J., & Vos, T. (2013). Global burden of disease attributable to mental and substance use disorders: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. The Lancet, 382(9904), 1575–1586. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736
  • Woo, J., Bhalerao, A., Bawor, M., Bhatt, M., Dennis, B., Mouravska, N., … Samaan, Z. (2017). Don’t Judge a Book by Its Cover”: A qualitative study of methadone patients’ experiences of stigma. Substance Abuse: Research & Treatment, 11, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/1178221816685087
  • Yarborough, B. J. H., Stumbo, S. P., McCarty, D., Mertens, J., Weisner, C., & Green, C. A. (2016). Methadone, buprenorphine and preferences for opioid agonist treatment: A qualitative analysis. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 160, 112–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.12.031
  • Zhang, Z., Friedmann, P. D., & Gerstein, D. R. (2003). Does retention matter? Treatment duration and improvement in drug use. Addiction, 98(5), 673–684. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00354.x

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.