Helping family members affected by a relative’s substance use or gambling: an evaluation study of the 5-Step Method delivered in the Netherlands

References

• Arcidiacono, C., Velleman, R., Procentese, F., Berti, P., Albanesi, C., Sommantico, M., & Copello, A. (2010). Italian families living with relatives with alcohol or drugs problems. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 17(6), 659–680. https://doi.org/10.3109/09687630902824262
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asante, K., & Lentoor, A. (2017). Use of crystal methamphetamine among male adolescents in Cape Town, South Africa: Caregivers’ experiences. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 12(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-017-0102-9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bagley, S., Ventura, A., Lasser, K., & Muench, F. (2021, January). Engaging the family in the care of young adults with Substance Use Disorders. Pediatrics, 147(Suppl 2), S215–S219. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-023523C
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Birkeland, B., Foster, K., Selbekk, A. S., Høie, M. M., Ruud, T., & Weimand, B. (2018). The quality of life when a partner has substance use problems: A scoping review. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 16(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-018-1042-4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• CMC: Foundation for Change (2018). The Families Learning Program. New York; CMC. https://cmcffc.org/about/programs. Accessed 9th February 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Copello, A., Templeton, L., Orford, J., & Velleman, R. (2010a). The 5-Step Method: Evidence of gains for affected family members. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 17(sup1), 100–112. https://doi.org/10.3109/09687637.2010.514234
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Copello, A., Templeton, L., Orford, J., & Velleman, R. (2010b). The 5-Step Method: Principles and practice. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 17(sup1), 86–99. https://doi.org/10.3109/09687637.2010.515186
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Copello, A., Templeton, L., Orford, J., Velleman, R., Patel, A., Moore, L., MacLeod, J., & Godfrey, C. (2009). The relative efficacy of two levels of a primary care intervention for family members affected by the addiction problem of a close relative: A randomised trial. Addiction, 104(1), 49–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02417.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dayal, P., Kaloiya, G. S., Khatoon, R., & Sarkar, S. (2020). A study of stress, coping and strain among family members living with individuals with substance use disorder in India. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 27(5), 416–420. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2019.1705762
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Sarno, M., De Candia, V., Rancati, F., Madeddu, F., Calati, R., & Di Pierro, R. (2021). Mental and physical health in family members of substance users: A scoping review. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 219, 108439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108439
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Downey, R. G., & King, C. V. (1998). Missing data in Likert ratings: A comparison of replacement methods. The Journal of General Psychology, 125(2), 175–191. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309809595542
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Family Engagement Project Partners. (2021). Ask the family! family perspectives on whole family support and family inclusive practice. SFAD - Whole Family Approach/Family Inclusive Practice Working Group. https://www.sfad.org.uk/content/uploads/2021/04/Ask-The-Family-Report-March-2021.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS (Third edition). SAGE.
   Google Scholar
• Gujar, N. M., & Ali, A. (2021). Family intervention in person with alcohol dependence syndrome: The 5-step method. Indian Journal of Positive Psychology, 12(2), 163–166. http://www.iahrw.com/index.php/home/journal_detail/19#list
   Google Scholar
• Hogue, A., Becker, S. J., Wenzel, K., Henderson, C. E., Bobek, M., Levy, S., & Fishman, M. (2021). Family involvement in treatment and recovery for substance use disorders among transition-age youth: Research bedrocks and opportunities. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 129, 108402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108402
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horváth, Z., Orford, J., Velleman, R., & Urbán, R. (2020). Measuring coping among family members with substance-misusing relatives: Testing competing factor structures of the coping questionnaire (CQ) in England and Italy. Substance Use & Misuse, 55(3), 469–480. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2019.1685547
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kellner, R., & Sheffield, B. F. (1973). A self-rating scale of distress. Psychological Medicine, 3(1), 88–100. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291700046377
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindeman, S. K., Titlestad, K. B., Lorås, L., & Bondas, T. (2022). An unknown invisible intrusion. Impact of an adult family member’s problematic substance use on family life: A meta-ethnography. Drug: Education, Prevention and Policy, 29(5), 464-476. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2021.1943316
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SMART Recovery (undated). Support for Family and Friends. https://smartrecoveryaustralia.com.au/family-friends/. Accessed 9 February 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Mafa, P., & Makhubele, J. C. (2020). Teenage substance abuse: Impact on the family system and parents’ coping strategies. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 28(3), 1925–1938. http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGovern, R., Smart, D., Alderson, H., Araújo-Soares, V., Brown, J., Buykx, R., Evans, V., Fleming, K., Hickman, M., Macleod, J., Meier, P., & Kaner, E. (2021). Psychosocial interventions to improve psychological, social and physical wellbeing in family members affected by an adult relative’s substance use: A systematic search and review of the evidence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1793. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041793A
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meulewaeter, F., De Schauwer, E., De Pauw, S. S., & Vanderplasschen, W. (2022). “I grew up amidst alcohol and drugs:” A qualitative study on the lived experiences of parental substance use among adults who developed substance use disorders themselves. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.768802
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, W. R., Meyers, R. J., & Tonigan, J. S. (1999). Engaging the unmotivated in treatment for alcohol problems: A comparison of three strategies for intervention through family members. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 67(5), 688–697. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006x.67.5.688
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nadkarni, A., Bhatia, U., Velleman, R., Orford, J., Velleman, G., Church, S., Sawal, S., & Pednekar, S. (2019). Supporting addictions affected families effectively (SAFE): A mixed methods exploratory study of the 5-step method delivered in Goa, India, by lay counsellors. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 26(2), 195–204. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2017.1394983
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Natera, G. N., Mora-Ríos, J., Tiburcio, M. T., & Aguilar, P. M. (2010). An international perspective: Constructing intervention strategies for families in Mexico. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 17(sup1), 193–202. https://doi.org/10.3109/09687637.2010.514787
   Google Scholar
• Ólafsdóttir, J., Hrafnsdóttir, S., & Orjasniemi, T. (2018). Depression, anxiety, and stress from substance-use disorder among family members in Iceland. Nordisk Alkohol- & Narkotikatidskrift: NAT, 35(3), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.1177/1455072518766129
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Orford, J., Cousins, J., Smith, N., & Bowden-Jones, H. (2017). Stress, strain, coping and social support for affected family members attending the National Problem Gambling Clinic, London. International Gambling Studies, 17(2), 259–275. https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2017.1331251
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orford, J., Natera, G., Davies, J., Nava, A., Mora, J., Rigby, K., Bradbury, C., Copello, A., & Velleman, R. (1998). Social support in coping with alcohol and drug problems at home: Findings from Mexican and English families. Addiction Research, 6(5), 395–420. https://doi.org/10.3109/16066359809026059
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orford, J., Templeton, T., Copello, A., & Velleman, R. (2010). Family members affected by a close relative’s addiction: The stress-strain-coping-support model. Drugs, Education, Prevention and Policy, 17(sup1), 36–43. https://doi.org/10.3109/09687637.2010.514801
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orford, J., Templeton, L., Velleman, R., & Copello, A. (2005). Family members of relatives with alcohol, drug and gambling problems: A set of standardized questionnaires for assessing stress, coping and strain. Addiction, 100(11), 1611–1624. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01178.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orford, J., Velleman, R., Copello, A., Templeton, L., & Ibanga, A. (2010). The experiences of affected family members: A summary of two decades of qualitative research. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 17(sup1), 44–62. https://doi.org/10.3109/09687637.2010.514192
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orford, J., Velleman, R., Natera, G., Templeton, L., & Copello, A. (2013). Addiction in the family is a major but neglected contributor to the global burden of adult ill-health. Social Science & Medicine, 78, 70–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.11.036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orr, L. C., Barbour, R. S., & Elliott, L. (2014). Involving families and carers in drug services: Are families’ part of the problem’? Families, Relationships and Societies, 3(3), 405–424. https://doi.org/10.1332/204674313X669900
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rane, A., Church, S., Bhatia, U., Orford, J., Velleman, R., & Nadkarni, A. (2017). Psychosocial interventions for addiction-affected families in low and middle income countries: A systematic review. Addictive Behaviors, 74, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.05.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riley, B. J., Harvey, P., Crisp, B. R., Battersby, M., & Lawn, S. (2018). Gambling-related harm as reported by concerned significant others: A systematic review and meta-synthesis of empirical studies. Journal of Family Studies. 27(1), 112-130. https://doi.org/10.1080/13229400.2018.1513856
   Google Scholar
• Riley, B. J., Lawn, S. J., Crisp, B. R., & Battersby, M. W. (2020). “When I’m not angry I am anxious”: The lived experiences of individuals in a relationship with a non-help-seeking problem gambler—A hermeneutic phenomenological study. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 37(8-9), 2529–2550. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407520928581
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tasdemir, M., Kucukali, H., Ucar, A., & Sur, H. (2021). Exploring alcohol and substance addiction among Syrian migrants in Turkey: A qualitative study integrating perspectives of addicts, their relatives, local and national institutions. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 7(4), 253–276. https://doi.org/10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20074
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toner, P., & Velleman, R. (2014). Initial reliability and validity of a new measure of perceived social support for family members of problem substance users. Addiction Research & Theory, 22(2), 147–157. https://doi.org/10.3109/16066359.2013.779675
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2021)., World drug report 2021: Global overview, drug demand drug supply (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.21.XI.8). http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/wdr2021.html
   Google Scholar
• Velleman, R., Arcidiacono, C., Procentese, F., Copello, A., & Sarnacchiaro, P. (2008). A 5-step intervention to help family members in Italy who live with substance misusers. Journal of Mental Health, 17(6), 643–655. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638230701677761
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velleman, R., Orford, J., Templeton, L., Copello, A., Patel, A., Moore, L., Macleod, J., & Godfrey, C. (2011). 12-month follow-up after brief interventions in primary care for family members affected by the substance misuse problem of a close relative. Addiction Research & Theory, 19(4), 362–374. https://doi.org/10.3109/16066359.2011.564691
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2011). Global status report on alcohol and health (Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO). https://apps.who.int/iris/rest/bitstreams/1151838/retrieve
   Google Scholar