403
Views
31
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Article

The inhalation toxicology of p-aramid fibrils

Pages 487-500 | Received 16 Dec 2008, Accepted 20 Mar 2009, Published online: 15 May 2009

References

  • Adamson, I. Y., Bakowska, J., and Bowden, D. H. 1993. Mesothelial cell proliferation after instillation of long or short asbestos fibers into mouse lung. Am. J. Pathol. 142, 1209–1216.
  • Adamson, I. Y., Bakowska, J., and Bowden, D. H. 1994. Mesothelial cell proliferation: A nonspecific response to lung injury associated with fibrosis. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 10, 253–258.
  • Adamson, I. R., Prieditis, H., and Hedgecock, C. 1995. Pulmonary response of mice to fibreglass—Cytokinetic and biochemical studies. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 46, 411–424.
  • Adamson, I. R., Prieditis, H., and Young, L. 1997. Lung mesothelial cell and fibroblast responses to pleural and alveolar macrophage supernatants and to lavage fluids from crocidolite-exposed rats. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 16, 650–6.
  • Asgharian, B., and Anjilvel S., 1998. A multiple-path model of fiber deposition in the rat lung. Toxicol. Sci. 44, 80–86.
  • Bellmann, B., Creutzenberg, O., Dasenbrock, C., Ernst, H., Pohlmann, G., and Muhle, H. 2000. Inhalation tolerance study for p-aramid respirable fiber-shaped particulates (RFP) in rats. Toxicol. Sci. 54, 237–250.
  • Bellmann, B., Konig, H., Muhle, H., and Pott F., 1986. Chemical durability of asbestos and of man-made mineral fibers in vivo. J. Aerosol Sci. 17, 341–345.
  • Bernstein, D., Castranova, V., Donaldson, K., Fubini, B., Hadley, J., Hesterberg, T., Kane, A., Lai, D., Mcconnell, E. E., Muhle, H., Oberdorster, G., Olin, S., and Warheit, D. B. 2005. Testing of fibrous particles: Short-term assays and strategies. Inhal. Toxicol. 17, 497–537.
  • Bernstein, D. M., and Hoskins, J. A. 2006. The health effects of chrysotile: Current perspective based upon recent data. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 45, 252–264.
  • Boorman, G. A., Brockmann, M., Carlton, W. W., Davis, J. M., Dungworth, D. L., Hahn, F. F., Mohr, U., Reichhelm, H. B., Turusov, V. S., and Wagner, B. M. 1996. Classification of cystic keratinizing squamous lesions of the rat lung: Report of a workshop. Toxicol. Pathol. 24, 564–572.
  • Carlton, W. W. 1994. Proliferative keratin cyst. a lesion in the lungs of rats following chronic exposure to para-aramid fibrils. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 23, 304–307.
  • Cherrie, J. W., Gibson, H., Mcintosh, C., Maclaren, W., and Lynch, G. 1995. Exposure to fine airborne fibrous dust amongst processors of para-aramid. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 39, 403–425.
  • Coin, P. G., Roggli, V. L., and Brody, A. R. 1994. Persistence of long, thin chrysotile asbestos fibers in the lungs of rats. [Review]. Environ. Health Perspect. 102:Suppl 5, 197–199.
  • Davis, J. M., Addison, J., Bolton, R. E., Donaldson, K., Jones, A. D., and Smith, T. 1986. The pathogenicity of long versus short fibre samples of amosite asbestos administered to rats by inhalation and intraperitoneal injection. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 67, 415–430.
  • Davis, J. M. G. 1987, Carcinogenicity of kevlar aramid pulp following intraperitoneal injection into rats. Report TM/87/23, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, Scotland: 1–30.
  • Davis, J. G., Brown, D. M., Cullen, R. T., Donaldson, K., Jones, A. D., Miller, B. G., Mcintosh, C., and Searl, A. 1996. A comparison of methods of determining and predicting the pathogenicity of mineral fibers. Inhal. Toxicol. 8, 747–770.
  • Donaldson, K., and Borm, P. J. A. 2000. Particle paradigms. Inhal. Toxicol. 12:Suppl 3, 1–6.
  • Donaldson, K., Brown, D. M., Miller, B. G., and Brody, A. R. 1995. Bromo-deoxyuridine (BRDU) uptake in the lungs of rats inhaling amosite asbestos or vitreous fibres at equal airborne fibre concentrations. Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. 47, 207–211.
  • Donaldson, K., Brown, G. M., Brown, D. M., Bolton, R. E., and Davis, J. G. 1989. Inflammation generating potential of long and short fiber amosite asbestos samples. Br. J. Ind. Med. 46, 271–276.
  • Donaldson, K., and Golyasnya, N. 1995. Cytogenetic and pathogenic effects of long and short amosite asbestos. J. Pathol. 177, 303–307.
  • Donaldson, K., Li, X. Y., Dogra, S., Miller, B. G., and Brown, G. M. 1992. Asbestos-stimulated tumor-necrosis-factor release from alveolar macrophages depends on fiber length and opsonization. J. Pathol. 168, 243–248.
  • Eastes, W., Potter, R. M., and Hadley, J. G. 2000. Estimation of dissolution rate from in vivo studies of synthetic vitreous fibers. Inhal. Toxicol. 12, 1037–1054.
  • Frame, S. R., Brockmann, M., Hahn, F. F., Slone, T. W., and Warheit, D. B. 1997. Microscopic review of para-aramid-induced cystic keratinizing squamous lesions in the lungs of rats. Inhal. Toxicol. 9, 189–198.
  • Ghio, A. J., Kadiiska, M. B., Xiang, Q. H., and Mason, R. P. 1998. In vivo evidence of free radical formation after asbestos instillation: An ESR spin trapping investigation. Free Radical Biol. Med. 24, 11–17.
  • Goodglick, L. A., and Kane, A. B. 1990. Cytotoxicity of long and short crocidolite asbestos fibers in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Res. 50, 5153–5163.
  • Hesterberg, T. W., Miiller, W. C., Musselman, R. P., Kamstrup, O., Hamilton, R. D., and Thevenaz, P. 1996. Biopersistence of man-made vitreous fibers and crocidolite asbestos in the rat lung following inhalation. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 29, 267–279.
  • Hesterberg, T. W., Tsutsui, T., and Barrett, J. C. 1983. Neoplastic transformation of Syrian-hamster embryo (SHE) cells by asbestos and fibreglass—The importance of fiber dimension. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 24, 96.
  • Hill, I. M., Beswick, P. H., and Donaldson, K. 1995. Differential release of superoxide anions by macrophages treated with long and short fibre amosite asbestos is a consequence of differential affinity for opsonin. Occup. Environ. Med. 52, 92–96.
  • Hodgson, A. A. 1993. Industrial fibres: A technical and commercial review. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 37, 203–210.
  • IARC, 1997, IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, Volume 68, Silica, some silicates, coal dust and para-aramid fibrils.
  • Jensen, C. G., and Watson, M. 1999. Inhibition of cytokinesis by asbestos and synthetic fibres. Cell Biol. Int. 23, 829–840.
  • Kamp, D. W., Graceffa, P., Pryor, W. A., and Weitzman, S. A. 1992. The role of free radicals in asbestos-induced diseases. Free Radical Biol. Med. 12, 293–315.
  • Kelly, D. P., Merriman, E. A., Kennedy, G. L. and Lee, K. P. 1993. Deposition, clearance, and shortening of Kevlar para-aramid fibrils in acute, subchronic, and chronic inhalation studies in rats. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 21, 345–354.
  • Kreyling, W. G., Moller, W., Semmler-Behnke, M., and Oberdorster, G. 2007, Particle dosimetry: Deposition and clearance from the respiratory tract and translocaton to extra-pulmonary sites. Chapter 3, in Particle Toxicology, eds. K., Donaldson and Borm, P., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 47–74.
  • Lasky, J. A., Tonthat, B., Liu, J. Y., Friedman, M., and Brody, A. R. 1998. Upregulation of the PDGF-alpha receptor precedes asbestos-induced lung fibrosis in rats. Am. J. Respir. Crit Care Med. 157, 1652–1657.
  • Lee, K. P., Kelly, D. P., O’Neal, F. O., Stadler, J. C., and Kennedy, G. L. Jr., 1988. Lung response to ultrafine Kevlar aramid synthetic fibrils following 2-year inhalation exposure in rats. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 11, 1–20.
  • Lehnert, B. E., and Oberdorster, G. 1993, Chapter 15. Fate of fibers in the lower respiratory tract and fiber-induced lung disease, in Fiber Toxicology, ed. Warheit, D. B., Academic Press, San Diego, pp 349–394.
  • Lippmann, M., 1993, Biophysical factors affecting fiber toxicity, in Fiber Toxicology, ed. Warheit, D. B., Academic Press, San Diego, pp 259–303.
  • Liu, J. Y., and Brody, A. R. 2001. Increased TGF-beta1 in the lungs of asbestos-exposed rats and mice: Reduced expression in TNF-alpha receptor knockout mice. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. Oncol. 20, 97–108.
  • McDonald, C., 2000, Asbestos, in Epidemiology of Work-Related Diseases. 2nd edition, BMJ Books, London, pp85–108. 2000.
  • McDonald, J. C., and McDonald A. D. 1997. Chrysotile, tremolite and carcinogenicity. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 41, 699–705.
  • Moalli, P. A., Macdonald, J. L., Goodglick, L. A., and Kane, A. B. 1987. Acute injury and regeneration of the mesothelium in response to asbestos fibers. Am. J. Pathol. 128, 426–445.
  • Muhle, H., Bellmann, B., and Creutzenberg, O. 1994. Toxicokinetics of solid paticles in chronic rat studies using diesel soot, carbon black, toner, titanium dioxide and quartz. in Toxic and Carcinogenic Effects of Solid Particles in the Respiratory Tract, eds. Mohr, U., Dungworth, D., and Oberdorster, G., ILSI Press, Washington DC, pp 29–41.
  • Pott, F., 1991. Neoplastic findings in experimental asbestos studies and conclusions for fiber carcinogenesis in humans. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 643, 205–218.
  • Pott, F., Roller M, Ziem, U., Reiffer, F.-J., Bellmann, B., Rosenbruch, M., and Huth, F. 1987. Carcinogenicity studies on natural and man-made fibres with the intraperitoneal test in rats, in Symposium on Mineral Fibres in the Non-Occupational Environment, Lyon, 8–10 September 1987, pp 1–4.
  • Schins, R. P., Gaudichet, A., and Jaurand, M. C. 1993. A method to obtain a well-defined fraction of respirable para-aramid fibers. Environ. Health Perspect. 101, 414–416.
  • Schlesinger, R. B., Ben-Jebria, A., Dahl, A. R., Snipes, M. B., and Ultman, J. 1997. Disposition of inhaled toxicants. in Handbook of Human Toxicology, ed. Massaro, E. J., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 493–550.
  • Searl, A., 1997. A comparative study of the clearance of respirable para-aramid, chrysotile and glass fibres from rat lungs. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 41, 217–233.
  • Searl, A., Buchanan, D., Cullen, R. T., Jones, A. D., Miller, B. G., and Soutar, C. A. 1999. Biopersistence and durability of nine mineral fibre types in rat lungs over 12 months. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 43, 143–153.
  • Selikoff, I. J., and Lee, D. H. K. 1978, Asbestos and Disease, Academic Press, New York.
  • Shukla, A., Gulumian, M., Hei, T. K., Kamp, D., Rahman, Q., and Mossman, B. T. 2003. Multiple roles of oxidants in the pathogenesis of asbestos-induced diseases. Free Radical Biol. Med. 34, 1117–1129.
  • Tweedale, G., 2002. Asbestos and its lethal legacy. Nat. Rev. Cancer 2, 311–315.
  • Vu, V., and Dearfield, K. L. 1993. Chapter 18. Biological effects of fibrous materials in experimental studies and related regulatory aspects. in Fiber Toxicology, ed. Warheit, D. B. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 449–521.
  • Wagner, J. C., Skidmore, J. W., Hill, R. J., and Griffiths, D. M. 1985. Erionite exposure and mesotheliomas in rats. Br. J. Cancer 51, 727–730.
  • Wagner, J. C., Sleggs, C. A., and Marchand, P. 1960. Diffuse pleural mesothelioma and asbestos exposure in the North Western Cape Province. Br. J. Ind. Med. 17, 260–271.
  • Walton, W. H., 1991. Chapter 5, Airborne dusts, in Mineral Fibers and Health, eds. D., Liddell and K., Miller, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 55–77.
  • Warheit, D. B., 1993, Fibre Toxicology, Academic Press, San Diego.
  • Warheit, D. B., Carakostas, M. C., Hartsky, M. A., and Hansen J. F. 1991. Development of a short-term inhalation bioassay to assess pulmonary toxicity of inhaled particles—Comparisons of pulmonary responses to carbonyl iron and silica. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 107, 350–368.
  • Warheit, D. B., and Hartsky, M. A. 1997. Initiating the risk assessment process for inhaled particulate materials: Development of short term inhalation bioassays. J. Expos. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 7, 313–325.
  • Warheit, D. B., Hartsky, M. A., and Frame S. R. 1996. Pulmonary effects in rats inhaling size-separated chrysotile asbestos fibers or p-aramid fibrils—Differences in cellular proliferative responses. Toxicol. Lett. 88, 287–292.
  • Warheit, D. B., Hartsky, M. A., Mchugh, T. A., and Kellar, K. A. 1994. Biopersistence of inhaled organic and inorganic fibers in the lungs of rats. Environ. Health Perspect. 102:Suppl 5, 151–157.
  • Warheit, D. B., Hartsky, M. A., Reed, K. L., and Webb, T. R. 2001. Biodegradability of inhaled para-aramid respirable-sized fiber-shaped particulates: Mechanistic in vivo and in vitro studies. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 174, 78–88.
  • Warheit, D. B., Hartsky, M. A., and Webb, T. R. 2000. Biodegradability of inhaled p-aramid respirable fibre-shaped particulates: Representative of other synthetic organic fibre-types?. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 73 Suppl, S75–S78.
  • Warheit, D. B., Kellar, K. A., and Hartsky, M. A. 1992a. Pulmonary cellular effects in rats following aerosol exposures to ultrafine Kevlar aramid fibrils—Evidence for biodegradability of inhaled fibrils. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 116, 225–239.
  • Warheit, D. B., Kellar, K. A., and Hartsky, M. A. 1992b. Pulmonary cellular effects in rats following aerosol exposures to ultrafine Kevlar aramid fibrils: Evidence for biodegradability of inhaled fibrils. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 116, 225–239.
  • Warheit, D. B., Reed, K. L., Pinkerton, K. E., and Webb, T. R. 2002. Biodegradability of inhaled p-aramid respirable fiber-shaped particulates (RFP): Mechanisms of RFP shortening and evidence of reversibility of pulmonary lesions. Toxicol. Lett. 127, 259–267.
  • Warheit, D. B., Reed, K. L., Stonehuerner, J. D., Ghio, A. J., and Webb, T. R. 2006. Biodegradability of para-aramid respirable-sized fiber-shaped particulates (RFP) in human lung cells. Toxicol. Sci. 89, 296–303.
  • Warheit, D. B., Snajdr, S. I., Hartsky, M. A., and Frame, S. R. 1997. Lung proliferative and clearance responses to inhaled para-aramid RFP in exposed hamsters and rats: Comparisons with chrysotile asbestos fibers. Environ. Health Perspect. 105, 1219–1222.
  • Wening, J. V., and Lorke, D. E. 1992. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) investigation of aramid (Kevlar) fibers after incubation in plasma. Clin. Mater. 9, 1–5.
  • World Health Organisation, 1997. Determination of airborne fibre number concentrations: A recommended method by phase constrast optical microscopy. World Health Organisation, Geneva.
  • Ye, J., Shi, X., Jones, W., Rojanasakul, Y., Cheng, N., Schwegler-Berry, D., Baron, P., Deye, G. J., Li, C., and Castranova, V. 1999. Critical role of glass fiber length in TNF-alpha production and transcription factor activation in macrophages. Am. J. Physiol. 276, L426–L434.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.