Using exposure bands for rapid decision making in the RISK21 tiered exposure assessment

References

• Albert RE. 1994. Carcinogen risk assessment in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Crit Rev Toxicol. 24:75–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albert RE, Train RE, Anderson E. 1977. Rationale developed by the Environmental Protection Agency for the assessment of carcinogenic risks. J Natl Cancer Inst. 58:1537–1541.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Apte JS, Bombrun E, Marshall JD, Nazaroff WW. 2012. Global intraurban intake fractions for primary air pollutants from vehicles and other distributed sources. Environ Sci Technol. 46:3415–3423.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnot JA, Brown TN, Wania F, Breivik K, McLachlan MS. 2012. Prioritizing chemicals and data requirements for screening-level exposure and risk assessment. Environ Health Perspect. 120:1565–1570.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnot JA, Mackay D, Webster E, Southwood JM. 2006. Screening level risk assessment model for chemical fate and effects in the environment. Environ Sci Technol. 40:2316–2323.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barlow S. 2005. Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) – a tool for assessing substances of unknown toxicity present at low levels in the diet. ILSI Europe Concise Monographs Series. 2005:1–31.
   Google Scholar
• Bennett DH, McKone TE, Evans JS, Nazaroff WW, Margni MD, Jolliet O, Smith KR. 2002. Defining intake fraction. Environ Sci Technol. 36:206A–211A.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook WA. 1969. Problems of setting occupational exposure standards– background. Arch Environ Health. 19:272–276.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devine JM. 1993. Occupational and consumer exposure assessments Annex 1: Approaches for developing screening quality estimates of occupational exposure used by the US EPA’s OPPT and their applicability to the OECD SIDS programme. In OECD Environment Monograph No. 70: [OCDE/GD(93)128]. Paris: OECD.
   Google Scholar
• Doe JE, Lander DR, Doerrer NG, Heard N, Hines RN, Lowit AB, Pastoor T, Phillips RD, Sargent D, Sherman JH, et al. 2016. Use of the RISK21 roadmap and matrix: human health risk assessment of the use of a pyrethroid in bed netting. Crit Rev Toxicol. 46:54–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ECETOC. 2004. Targeted Risk Assessment, Technical Report No. 93, European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals. Brussels
   Google Scholar
• ECETOC TRA. 2012. ECETOC TRA version 3: Background and Rationale for the Improvements.
   Google Scholar
• ECETOC TRA. 2014. Addendum to TR114: Technical Basis for the TRA v3.1.
   Google Scholar
• ECHA. 2010. ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, R.12: Use Descriptor System.
   Google Scholar
• ECHA. 2012a. Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, Chapter R.14: Occupational exposure estimation. Helsinki, Finland.
   Google Scholar
• ECHA. 2012b. Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.15: consumer exposure estimation.
   Google Scholar
• ECHA. 2012c. Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.16: environmental exposure estimation.
   Google Scholar
• ECHA. 2013. Guidance on information requirements and Chemical Safety Assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance. Helsinki, Finland.
   Google Scholar
• Egeghy PP, Judson R, Gangwal S, Mosher S, Smith D, Vail J, Cohen Hubal EA. 2012. The exposure data landscape for manufactured chemicals. Sci Total Environ. 414:159–166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Embry MR, Bachman AN, Bell DR, Boobis AR, Cohen SM, Dellarco M, Dewhurst IC, Doerrer NG, Hines RN, Moretto A, et al. 2014. Risk assessment in the 21st century: roadmap and matrix. Crit Rev Toxicol. 44:6–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hauschild MZ, Huijbregts M, Jolliet O, MacLeod M, Margni M, van de Meent D, Rosenbaum RK, McKone TE. 2008. Building a model based on scientific consensus for Life Cycle Impact Assessment of chemicals: the search for harmony and parsimony. Environ Sci Technol. 42:7032–7037.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson AD, Hauschild MZ, Van de Meent D, Huijbregts MAJ, Larsen HF, Margni M, McKone TE, Payet J, Rosenbaum RK, Jolliet O. 2011. USEtox fate and ecotoxicity factors for comparative assessment of toxic emissions in life cycle analysis: Sensitivity to key chemical properties. Int J Life Cycle Ass. 16:701–709.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell J, Pabon N, Collier ZA, Egeghy PP, Cohen-Hubal E, Linkov I, Vallero DA. 2013. A decision analytic approach to exposure-based chemical prioritization. PLoS One. 8:e70911.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Money CD. 2003. European experiences in the development of approaches for the successful control of workplace health risks. Ann Occup Hyg. 47:533–540.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munro IC, Ford RA, Kennepohl E, Sprenger JG. 1996. Correlation of structural class with no-observed-effect levels: a proposal for establishing a threshold of concern. Food Chem Toxicol. 34:829–867.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NAS. 1983. Risk assessment in the federal government: managing the process. Washington, DC: National Academy Press
   Google Scholar
• OECD. 1993. Occupational and Consumer Exposure Assessments. Environment Monograph No 70.
   Google Scholar
• Pastoor TP, Bachman AN, Bell DR, Cohen SM, Dellarco M, Dewhurst IC, Doe JE, Doerrer NG, Embry MR, Hines RN, et al. 2014. A 21st century roadmap for human health risk assessment. Crit Rev Toxicol. 44:1–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pennington DW, Margni M, Amman C, Jolliet O. 2005. Multimedia fate and human intake modeling: spatial versus non-spatial insights for chemical emissions in Western Europe. Environ Sci Technol. 39:1119–1128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenbaum RK, Bachmann TM, Gold LS, Huijbregts MAJ, Jolliet O, Juraske R, Koehler A, Larsen HF, MacLeod M, Margni MD, et al. 2008. USEtox – the UNEP-SETAC toxicity model: recommended characterization factors for human toxicity and freshwater ecotoxicicty in life cycle impact assessment. Int J Life Cycle Ass. 13:532–546.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruckelshaus WD. 1983. Science, risk, and public policy. Science. 221:1026–1028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell M, Gruber M. 1987. Risk assessment in environmental policy-making. Science. 236:286–290.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shin HM, Ernstoff A, Arnot JA, Wetmore BA, Csiszar SA, Fantke P, Zhang X, McKone TE, Jolliet O, Bennett DH. 2015. Risk-based high-throughput chemical screening and prioritization using exposure models and in vitro bioactivity assays. Environ Sci Technol. 49:6760–6771.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stara JF, Kello D, Durkin P. 1980. Human health hazards associated with chemical contamination of aquatic environment. Environ Health Perspect. 34:145–158.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. EPA. 1986. Guidelines for estimating exposures. 51 FR 34042-34054.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. EPA. 1992. Guidelines for exposure assessment. U S Environmental Protection Agency risk assessment forum. Washington, D.C., EPA/600/Z-92/001.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. EPA. 2007. Pesticides industry sales and usage. 2006 and 2007 market estimates. In United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention. (7503P) EPA 733-R-11-001.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. EPA. 2011. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Exposure factors handbook, September 2011.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. EPA. 2011a. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Estimation program interface (EPI) suite(EPI SuiteTM 4.10), 2000–2011.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. EPA. 2011b. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Cumulative pyrethroid risk assessment, October 2011.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. EPA. 2013. Next generation risk assessment: incorporation of recent advances in molecular, computational, and systems biology (external review draft), EPA/600/R-13/214A. In U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. EPA. 2015. Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria: 2015 Update. Office of Water, EPA 820-F-15-001.
   Google Scholar
• Upton AC. 1988. Carcinogenic risk assessment in proper perspective. Toxicol Ind Health. 4:443–452.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verdonck FA, Boeije G, Vandenberghe V, Comber M, de Wolf W, Feijtel T, Holt M, Koch V, Lecloux A, Siebel-Sauer A, Vanrolleghem PA. 2005. A rule-based screening environmental risk assessment tool derived from EUSES. Chemosphere. 58:1169–1176.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vink SR, Mikkers J, Bouwman T, Marquart H, Kroese ED. 2010. Use of read-across and tiered exposure assessment in risk assessment under REACH – A case study on a phase-in substance. Regul Toxicol Pharm. 58:64–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wambaugh JF, Setzer RW, Reif DM, Gangwal S, Mitchell-Blackwood J, Arnot JA, Joliet O, Frame A, Rabinowitz JR, Knudsen TB, et al. 2013. High throughput models for exposure-based chemical prioritization in the ExpoCast project. Environ Sci Technol. 47:8479–8488.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. 1990. International programme on chemical safety. Environmental health criteria 97. Deltamethrin. World Health Organization Geneva. Available from: http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc97.htm.
   Google Scholar
• WHO. 2004. A generic risk assessment model for insecticide treatment and subsequent use of mosquito nets. In Organization TWH.
   Google Scholar
• WHO. 2009. Assessment of combined exposures to multiple chemicals: Report of a WHO/IPCS international workshop on aggregate/cumulative risk assessment, International Programme on Chemical Safety. Harmonization Project Document 7.
   Google Scholar
• Zaleski RT, Qian H, Zelenka MP, George-Ares A, Money C. 2014. European solvent industry group generic exposure scenario risk and exposure tool. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 24:27–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar