The effect of exercise and childbirth classes on fear of childbirth and locus of labor pain control

References

• Areskog, B., Uddenberg, N., & Kjessler, B. (1981). Fear of childbirth in late pregnancy. Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation, 12, 262–266. doi:10.1159/000299611
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Artal, M., & O'Toole, M. (2003). Guidelines of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists for exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period. British Journal of Sport Medicine, 37, 6–12. doi:10.1136/bjsm.37.1.6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayers, S. (2004). Delivery as a traumatic event: Prevalence, risk factors, and treatment for postnatal posttraumatic stress disorder. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 47, 552–567. doi:10.1097/01.grf.0000129919.00756.9c
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bewley, S., & Cockburn, J. (2002). Responding to fear of childbirth. Lancet, 359, 2128–2129. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09113-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biddle, S. J. H., & Mutrie, N. (2008). Psychology of physical activity. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Blanc, B., Capelle, M., Bretelle, F., Leclaire, M., & Bouvenot, J. (2006). L'inquiétante augmentation du nombre de césariennes [The worrying rise in the frequency of cesarean section]. Bulletin de l'AcadémieNationale de Médicine, 190, 905–913.
   Google Scholar
• Chestnut, D. H. (2006). Cesarean delivery on maternal request: implications for anesthesia providers. International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia, 15, 269–272. doi:10.1016/j.ijoa.2006.06.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies, G. A., Wolfe, L. A., Mottola, M. F., & MacKinnon, C. (2003). Exercise in pregnancy and postpartum periods. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, 25, 516–529.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dole, N., Savitz, D. A., Hertz-Picciotto, I., Siega-Ritz, A. M., MacMahon, M.J., & Buekens, P. (2003). Maternal stress and preterm birth. American Journal of Epidemiology, 157, 14–24. doi:10.1093/aje/kwf176
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feinmann, J. (2002). How to limit caesareans on demand – too NICE to push? Lancet, 359, 774. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07918-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gamble, J. A., & Creedy, D. K. (2001). Women's preference for a cesarean section: Incidence and associated factors. Birth, 28(2), 101–110. doi:10.1046/j.1523-536X.2001.00101.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gayathri, K. V., Raddi, S. A., & Metgud, M. C. (2010). Effectiveness of planned teaching program on knowledge and reducing anxiety about labor among primigravidae in selected hospitals of Belgaum, Karnataka. Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2, 163–168.
   Google Scholar
• Goodwin, A., Astbury, J., & McMeeken, J. (2000). Body image and psychological well-being in pregnancy: A comparison of exercisers and non-exercisers. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 40, 442–447. doi:10.1111/j.1479-828X.2000.tb01178.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green, J. M., & Baston, H. A. (2003). Feeling in control during labor: Concepts, correlates and consequences. Birth, 30, 235–247. doi:10.1046/j.1523-536X.2003.00253.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guszkowska, M. (2011). Physical activity in relation to affective states and labor anxiety in pregnant women. Medicina Sportiva, 15(3), 114–118. doi:10.2478/v10036-011-0019-8
   Google Scholar
• Guszkowska, M. (2012). Czynnikiwarunkującestanyemocjonalnekobietciężarnychuczestniczących w zajęciachruchowych [Determinants of emotional states in pregnant women participating in exercise classes]. In N. Ogińska-Bulik & J. Miniszewska (Eds.), Zdrowie w cyklużyciaczłowieka [Health in the cycle of human life] (pp. 143–155). Łódz: Wyd. UŁ.
   Google Scholar
• Guszkowska, M. (2013). Aktywnośćfizycznaipsychika – korzyściizagrożenia [Physical activity and psyche - the benefits and risks]. Toruń: WydawnictwoAdam Marszałek.
   Google Scholar
• Guszkowska, M., & Dudziak, D. (2008). Stanynastrojuilękprzedporodemkobietaktywnychinieaktywnychruchowo w czasieciąży [Mood states and fear of childbirth in physically active and inactive pregnant women]. In M. Krawczyński (Ed.), Psychologicznekontekstyaktywnościfizycznejczłowieka (pp. 57–69). Gdańsk: Ateneum – Szkoła Wyższa.
   Google Scholar
• Hildingsson, I., Radestad, I., Rubertsson, C., & Waldenstrom, U. (2002). Few women wish to be delivered by caesarean section. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 109, 618–623. doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2002.01393.x
   Google Scholar
• Hofberg, K., & Ward, M. R. (2003). Fear of pregnancy and childbirth. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 79, 505–510. doi:10.1136/pmj.79.935.505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irion, O. (2009). Risques à long term de l'accouchement par césarienne [Long-term risk of cesarean section]. Revue Médicale Suisse, 5, 2097–2098.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Juczyński, Z. (2001). Narzędziapomiaru w promocjiipsychologiizdrowia [Measurement tools in health promotion and health psychology]. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych PTP.
   Google Scholar
• Kangas-Saarela, T., & Kangas-Kärki, K. (1994). Pain and pain relief in labour: parturients’ experiences. International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia, 3(2), 67–74. doi:10.1016/0959-289X(94)90172-4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Katz, M., & Fuchs, T. (2008). Cięciecesarskienażyczenie – wykonywaćczynie? [Cesarean section on maternal request – to do or not to do?]. Perinatologia, Neonatologiai Ginekologia, 1, 32–34.
   Google Scholar
• Koltyn, K. F. (1994). Mood changes in pregnant women following an exercise session and a prenatal information session. Women's Health Issues, 4, 191–195. doi:10.1016/1049-3867(95)90567-C
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Laursen, M., Hedegaard, M., & Johansen, C. (2008). Fear of childbirth: Predictors and temporal changes among nulliparous women in the Danish National Birth Cohort. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 115, 354–360. doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2007.01583
   Google Scholar
• Lox, C. L., & Treasure, D. C. (2000). Changes in feeling states following aquatic exercise during pregnancy. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 30, 518–527. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2000.tb02494.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melender, H. L. (2002). Fears and coping strategies associated with pregnancy and childbirth in Finland. Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health, 47, 256–263. doi:10.1016/S1526-9523(02)00263-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nettelbladt, P., Fagerstrom, C.-F., & Uddenberg, N. (1976). The significance of reported childbirth pain. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 20, 215–221. doi:10.1016/0022-3999(76)90024-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neuhaus, W., Scharkus, S., Hamm, W., & Bolte, A. (1994). Prenatal expectations and fears in pregnant women. Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 22, 409–414. doi:10.1515/jpme.1994.22.5.409
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reynolds, J. L. (1997). Post-traumatic stress disorder after childbirth: The phenomenon of traumatic birth. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 15, 831–835.
   Google Scholar
• Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). (2006). Exercise in pregnancy. RCOG Statement No. 4. Retrieved from http://www.rcog.org.uk/index.asp/PageID=1366
   Google Scholar
• Ryding, E. L. (1993). Investigation of 33 women who demanded a cesarean section for personal reasons. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 72, 280–285. doi:10.3109/00016349309068038
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryding, E. L., Persson, A., Onell, C., & Kvist, L. (2003). An evaluation of midwives’ counseling of pregnant women in fear of childbirth. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 82, 10–17. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0412.2003.820102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saisto, T., & Halmesmäki, E. (2003). Fear of childbirth: A neglected dilemma. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 82, 201–208. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0412.2003.00114.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saisto, T., Salmela-Aro, K., Nurmi, J.-E., & Halmesmäki, E. (2001). Psychosocial predictors of disappointment with delivery and puerperal depression. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 80, 39–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saisto, T., Ylikorkala, O., & Halmesmäki, E. (1999). Factors associated with fear of delivery in second pregnancies. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 94, 679–682. doi:10.1016/S0029-7844(99)00413-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sawyer, A., Ayers, S., Young, D., Bradley, R., & Smith, H. (2012). Posttraumatic growth after childbirth: A prospective study. Psychology and Health, 27, 362–377. doi:10.1080/08870440701864520.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1992). Effects of optimism on psychological and physical well-being. Theoretical overview and empirical update. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 16, 201–228. doi:10.1007/BF01173489.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., & Bridges, M. W. (1994). Distinguishing optimism from neurotism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): A reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 1063–1078. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.67.6.1063.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sieber, S., Germann, N., Barbir, A., & Ehlert, U. (2006). Emotional well-being and predictors of birth-anxiety, self-efficacy, and psychological adaptation in healthy pregnant women. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica, 85, 1200–1207. doi:10.1080/00016340600839742.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sjögren, B. (1997). Reasons for anxiety about childbirth in 100 pregnant women. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, 18, 266–272. doi:10.3109/01674829709080698
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sjögren, B., & Thomassen, P. (1997). Obstetric outcome in 100 women with severe anxiety over childbirth. Acta Obstetrica et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 76, 948–952.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skevington, S. M. (1990). A standardised scale to measure beliefs about controlling pain (B.P.C.Q.): A preliminary study. Psychology and Health, 4, 221–232. doi:10.1080/08870449008400392.
   Google Scholar
• Stangert, A., Cendrowska, A., & Szukiewicz, D. (2009). Kursszkołyrodzeniajakosposóbnaobniżeniepoziomulękuprzedporodem [Childbirth classes as a way to fear of childbirth decrease]. Family Medicine and Primary Care Review, 11, 53–59.
   Google Scholar
• Stockman, A. F., & Altmaier, E. M. (2001). Relation of self-efficacy to reported pain and pain medication usage during labor. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 8(3), 161–166. doi:10.1023/A:1011313502507.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szeverényi, P., Póka, R., Hetey, M., & Török, Z. (1998). Contents of childbirth-related fear among couples wishing the partner's presence at delivery. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, 19(1), 38–43. doi:10.3109/01674829809044219.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Troszyński, M., Niemiec, T., & Wilczyńska, A. (2008). Cesarskiecięcie – dobrodziejstwoczyzagrożenie? [Cesarean section – goodness or threat?]. Perinatologia, Neonatologiai Ginekologia, 1, 8–10.
   Google Scholar
• Turk, D. C., & Melzack, R. (Eds.). (1992). Handbook of pain assessment. New York: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wrzesniewski, W., Sosnowski, T., & Matusik, D. (2002). Inwentarzstanuicechylęku. Polskaadaptacja STAI. Podręcznik [State-trait anxiety inventory. Polish adaptation of STAI. Manual]. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych PTP.
   Google Scholar
• Zawadzki, B., Strelau, J., Szczepaniak, P., & Śliwińska, M. (1998). InwentarzOsobowości NEO-FFICostyi McCrae. Adaptacjapolska. Podręcznik [NEO-FFI Personality Inventory by Costa and McCrae. Polish adaptation. Manual]. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych PTP.
   Google Scholar