Impact of a Harm-Reduction Policy on HIV and Hepatitis C Virus Transmission Among Drug Users: Recent French Data—The ANRS-Coquelicot Study

References

• Alter M. J., Moyer L. A. The importance of preventing hepatitis C virus infection among injection drug users in the United States. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and Human Retrovirology 1998; 18: 6–10
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bailleau F., Castel R., Joubert M. Harm reduction. Figleaf social policies. Aids Review 1995
   Google Scholar
• Becker G. S., Murphy K. A theory of rational addiction. Journal of Political Economy 1988; 96: 675–700
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandt A. M., Rozin P. Morality and Health. Routledge, New York 1997
   Google Scholar
• Bruandet A., et al. Incidence and risk factors for seroconversion to hepatitis C in a cohort of intravenous drug users in north-eastern France. Weekly Epidemiological Bulletin 2005; 2: 7–9
   Google Scholar
• Brousse C., de la Rochère B., Massé E. Accommodation and distribution of hot meals: the case of the homeless. INSEE-First 2000
   Google Scholar
• Brousse C., de la Rochère B., Massé E. Accommodation and distribution of hot meals: the case of the homeless. INSEE-First 2000
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Recommendations for prevention and control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and HCV-related chronic disease. MMWR 1998; 47: 6–7
   Google Scholar
• Courtright D. T. Forces of Habit. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA 2001
   Google Scholar
• Couturier E., et al. HIV infection at outcome of pregnancy in the Paris area, France. Lancet 1992; 340(8821)707–709
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis G. L., Rodrigue J. R. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C in active drug users. New England Journal of Medicine 2001; 345: 215–217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Des Jarlais D. C., et al. Variability in the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection among young injecting drug users in New York City. American Journal of Epidemiology 2003; 157: 467–471
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emmanuelli J., Desenclos J. C. Monitoring harm reduction policy among intravenous drug users in France, 1996–2003. Addiction 2005; 100: 1690–1700
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emmanuelli J., Lert F., Valenciano M. Study of injecting drug users using the main syringe exchange programs throughout France. 1999
   Google Scholar
• Emmanuelli J., Jauffret-Roustide M. A multicenter, multisite study of the frequency and determinants of practices at risk for HIV and HCV infection among drug users (Coquelicot study). Report by InVS on behalf of ANRS. 2003
   Google Scholar
• Evans B. G., Abiteboul D. A summary of occupationally acquired HIV infection described in published reports to December 1997. Eurosurveillance 1999; 4: 29–32
   Google Scholar
• Fueller M., Ompad D. C., Galea S., Wu Y., Koblin B., Vlahov D. Hepatitis C incidence—a comparison between injection and noninjection drug users in New York City. Journal of Urban Health 2004; 81: 20–24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galperim B., et al. Intranasal cocaine use does not appear to be an independent risk factor for HCV infection. Addiction 2004; 99: 973–977
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goffman E. On cooling the mark out: some aspects of adaptation to failure. Psychiatry 1952; 15: 451–463
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grando-Lemaire V., et al. Management of hepatitis C virus infection among drug users followed in a specialized ambulatory center. Gastroentérol. Clin. Biol 2002; 26: 1091–1096
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Griffiths P., Gossop M., Powis B., Strang J. Reaching hidden populations of drug users by privileged access interviewers : methodological and practical issues. Addiction 1993; 88: 1617–1626
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jauffret M. Harm reduction: challenges of collective mobilization. Mana. Review of Sociology and Antropology 2000; 161–188
   Google Scholar
• Jauffret-Roustide M. Illicit Drugs: Sociological, Economic and Political Approaches. La Documentation française, Paris 2004
   Google Scholar
• Judd A., et al. Incidence of hepatite C virus and HIV among new injecting drug users in London: prospective cohort study. British Medical Journal 12,11 2004
   Google Scholar
• Kleinig J. Ethical issues of substance use intervention. Substance Use and Misuse 2004; 40: 3
   Google Scholar
• Koblin B. A., Factor S. H., Wu Y., Vlahov D. Hepatitis C virus infection among noninjecting drug users in New York City. Journal of Medical Virology 2003; 70: 387–390
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuebler D., Hausser D., Gervasoni J. P. The characteristics of “new users” of cocaine and heroin unknown to treatment agencies : results from the Swiss Hidden Population Study. Addiction 2000; 95(10)1561–1571
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacCoun R. J., Reuter P. Drug War Heresies: Learning from Other Vices, Times and Places. London: Cambridge University Press. 2001; London
   Google Scholar
• MacCoy C. B., Chitwood D. D., Shapshak P., Comerford S. T. Parenteral transmission of HIV among injection drug users: assessing the frequency of multiperson use of needles, syringes, cookers, cotton, and water. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology 1998; 18(Suppl.1)S25–S29
   Google Scholar
• Substance Use and Misuse, S. Magura, 2000; 34: 12–14
   Google Scholar
• Meyer L., et al. Trends in HIV infection among sexually transmitted disease patients in Paris. AIDS 1996; 10: 401–405
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neale J., Allen D., Coombes L. Qualitative research methods within the addictions. Addiction 2005; 100: 1584–1593
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OFDT (French Observatory of Illicit Drugs and Addictions) (2002). Drugs and dependency, indicators and trends
   Google Scholar
• Drugs and Narcotics in History, R. Porter, M. Teich. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1995
   Google Scholar
• Power R. A model for qualitative action research amongst illicit drug users. Addiction Research 1995; 3: 165–181
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stark K., Muller R., Bienzle U., Guggenmoos-Holzmann I. Frontloading : a risk factor for HIV and hepatitis C virus infection among injecting drug users in Berlin. AIDS 1996; 10: 311–317
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Six C., Hamers F., Brunet J. Semester survey of HIV and HCV among residents of specialised care centers for addicts who are not homeless. 1999, Global Report on the last 10 semester surveys July 1993–June 1998 European center for AIDS epidemiologic surveillance
   Google Scholar
• Tortu S., McMahon J. M., Pouget E. R., Hamid R. Sharing of noninjection drug use implements as a risk factor for hepatitis C. Substance Use & Misuse, 39: 211–224
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vidal-Trecan G., et al. Association between first injection risk behaviors and hepatitis C seropositivity among injecting drug users. Annales de Medecine Interne 2002; 153: 219–225
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vuchinich R. E., Heather N. Choice, Behavioral Economics and Addiction. Pergamon, New York 2003
   Google Scholar
• Zwahlen M., Vlahov D. Commentary: modelling and understanding differences in human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C virus epidemiology in injection drug users. International Journal of Epidemiology 2003; 32: 715–716
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar