References
- Blau R. Bronx woman critically injured in ambulance crash after surviving seven-hour brain surgery; family alleges she was not strapped in properly. 2015 [cited 2016 Feb 15]. Available from: http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/bronx-woman-brain-dead-ambulance-crash-article-1.2143628.
- Stevens T. EMT injured after ambulance driver falls asleep on I-81. 2015. [cited 2016 Feb 15]. Available from: http://www.roanoke.com/news/crime/roanoke_county/emt-injured-after-ambulance-driver-falls-asleep-on-i/article_56113003-88c0-5d00-9dfb-37847bc865b6.html.
- Staff E. Medic falls asleep at wheel, crashes ambulance: The ambulance was reportedly completely destroyed in the incident. 2013. [cited 2016 Feb 15]. Available from: https://www.ems1.com/ambulances-emergency-vehicles/articles/1414503-Medic-falls-asleep-at-wheel-crashes-ambulance/.
- Staff-(wmtw.com). Sleepy driver leads to second ambulance crash in one week, police say. 2017. [cited 2017 Jul 20]. Available from: http://www.wmtw.com/article/sleepy-driver-leads-to-second-ambulance-crash-in-one-week/10307571.
- Staff-(wabi.tv). Ambulance totaled when driver falls asleep. 2017. [cited 2017 Jul 20]. Available from: http://www.wabi.tv/content/news/Ambulance-Totaled-When-Driver-Falls-Asleep–434119043.html.
- Walker D, Popham J. Ambulance wreck on Martha Berry Highway leaves 1 dead. 2017. [cited 2017 Jul 20]. Available from: http://www.northwestgeorgianews.com/rome/news/police_fire/ambulance-wreck-on-martha-berry-highway-leaves-dead/article_f493d010-5297-11e7-b585-8727e42016fc.html.
- Williams S Sherrif. Driver in fatal Duanesburg ambulance crash fell asleep. 2017. [cited 2017 Jul 27]. Available from: https://dailygazette.com/article/2017/06/02/sheriff-driver-in-fatal-ambulance-crash-fell-asleep.
- Patterson PD, Weaver MD, Hostler D. EMS provider wellness. In: Cone D, Brice JH, Delbridge T, Myers B, editors. Emergency medical services: clinical practice and systems oversight. Vol. 2. Chichester, West Sussex (UK); Hoboken (NJ): Wiley; 2015. p. 211–6.
- Pirrallo RG, Loomis CC, Levine R, Woodson BT. The prevalence of sleep problems in emergency medical technicians. Sleep Breath. 2012;16(1):149–62. doi:10.1007/s11325-010-0467-8. PMID: 21210230
- Patterson PD, Buysse DJ, Weaver MD, Callaway CW, Yealy DM. Recovery between work shifts among Emergency Medical Services clinicians. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2015;19(3):365–75. doi:10.3109/10903127.2014.995847. PMID: 25658148
- NEMSAC. Fatigue in Emergency Medical Services. National EMS Advisory Council Quarterly Meeting 2013. [cited 2017 Jul 31]. Available from: http://ems.gov/pdf/nemsac/2013/NEMSAC-AdvisoryFatigueJan2013.pdf.
- Patterson PD, Higgins JS, Weiss PM, Lang ES, Martin-Gill C. Systematic review methodology for the Fatigue in Emergency Medical Services project. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2018;22(S1):9–16.
- Lang ES, Spaite DW, Oliver ZJ, Gotschall CS, Swor RA, Dawson DE, Hunt RC. A national model for developing, implementing, and evaluating evidence-based guidelines for prehospital care. Acad Emerg Med. 2012;19(2):201–. doi:10.1111/j.1553-2712.2011.01281.x. PMID: 22320372
- Brown KM, Macias CG, Dayan PS, Shah MI, Weik TS, Wright JL, Lang ES. The development of evidence-based prehospital guidelines using a GRADE-based methodology. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2014;18(Suppl 1):3–14. doi:10.3109/10903127.2013.844871. PMID: 24279739
- Shah MI, Macias CG, Dayan PS, Weik TS, Brown KM, Fuchs SM, Fallat ME, Wright JL, Lang ES. An evidence-based huideline for pediatric prehospital seizure management using GRADE methodology. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2014;18(Suppl 1):15–24. doi:10.3109/10903127.2013.844874. PMID: 24298939
- Brown KM, Hirshon JM, Alcorta R, Weik TS, Lawner B, Ho S, Wright JL. The implementation and evaluation of an evidence-based statewide prehospital pain management protocol developed using the national prehospital evidence-based guideline model process for emergency medical services. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2014;18(Suppl 1):45–51. doi:10.3109/10903127.2013.831510. PMID: 24134543
- Bulger EM, Snyder D, Schoelles K, Gotschall C, Dawson D, Lang E, Sanddal ND, Butler FK, Fallat M, Taillac P, et al. An evidence-based prehospital guideline for external hemorrhage control: American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2014;18(2):163–73. doi:10.3109/10903127.2014.896962. PMID: 24641269
- Gausche-Hill M, Brown KM, Oliver ZJ, Sasson C, Dayan PS, Eschmann NM, Weik TS, Lawner BJ, Sahni R, Falck-Ytter Y, et al. An evidence-based guideline for prehospital analgesia in trauma. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2014;18(Suppl 1):25–34. doi:10.3109/10903127.2013.844873. PMID: 24279813
- Martin-Gill C, Gaither JB, Bigham BL, Myers JB, Kupas DF, Spaite DW. National Prehospital Evidence-Based Guidelines Strategy: A summary for EMS stakeholders. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2016;20(2):175–83. doi:10.3109/10903127.2015.1102995. PMID: 26808116
- Morgan RL, Thayer KA, Bero L, Bruce N, Falck-Yitter Y, Ghersi D, Guyatt G, Hooijmans C, Langendam M, Mandrioli D, et al. GRADE: Assessing the quality of evidence in environmental and occupational health. Environ Int. 2016;92–93:611–6. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2016.01.004.
- National Emergency Medical Services Advisory Council. National Emergency Medical Services Advisory Council Summary Report [2010–2012]. Report No. DOT HS 811 705. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, DC, 2013. [cited 2017 Jul 31]. Available from: http://www.nhtsa.gov/staticfiles/nti/pdf/811705.pdf
- Federal Interagency Committee on EMS. FICEMS Strategic Plan. Report No. DOT HA 811 990. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, DC, 2014. [cited 2017 Jul 31]. Available from: http://www.ems.gov/ficems/plan.htm
- Caldwell JA. Understanding and managing fatigue in aviation. In: Matthews G, Desmond PA, Neubauer C, Hancock PA, editors. The handbook of operator fatigue. Burlington (VT): Ashgate; 2012. p. 379–91.
- Smith L, Folkard S, Tucker P, Macdonald I. Work shift duration: a review comparing eight hour and 12 hour shift systems. Occup Environ Med. 1998;55(4):217–29. doi:10.1136/oem.55.4.217. PMID: 9624275