Whole blood glutathione peroxidase and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activities, serum trace elements (Se, Cu, Zn) and cardiovascular risk factors in subjects from the city of Ponta Delgada, Island of San Miguel, The Azores Archipelago, Portugal

References

• Abiaka C, Olusi S, Al-Awadhi A. Serum microminerals and the indices of lipid metabolism in an apparently healthy population. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis 2003; 17: 61–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen HR, Nielsen JB, Nielsen F, Grandjean P. Antioxidative enzyme activities in human erythrocytes. Clinical Chemistry 1997; 43: 562–568
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Artur Y, Herbeth B, Guémouri L, Lecomte E, Jeandel C, Siest G. Age-related variations of enzymatic defenses against free radicals and peroxides. Free radicals and aging, I Ement, B Chance. Birkhauser, Basle 1992; 359–467
   Google Scholar
• Behne D, Kyriakopoulos A. Mammalian selenium-containing proteins. Annual Review of Nutrition 2001; 21: 453–473
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beyer W, Imlay J, Fridovich I. Superoxidase dismutase. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology 1991; 40: 221–253
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolzán AD, Bianchi MS, Bianchi NO. Superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in human blood: influence of sex, age and cigarette smoking. Clinical Biochemistry 1997; 30: 449–454
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ceballos-Picot I, Trivier JM, Nicole A, Sinet PM, Thevenin M. Age-correlated modifications of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase and glutathione-related enzyme activities in human erythrocytes. Clinical Chemistry 1992; 38: 66–70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darley-Usmar V, Wiseman H, Halliwell B. Nitric acid and oxygen radicals: a question of balance. FEBS Letters 1995; 369: 131–135
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ducros V, Laporte F, Belin N, David A, Favier A. Selenium determination in human plasma lipoprotein fractions by mass spectrometry analysis. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 2000; 81: 105–109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erden-Inal M, Sunal E, Kanbak G. Age-related changes in glutathione redox system. Cell Biochemistry and Function 2002; 20: 61–66
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. 2001. Executive summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III). Journal of the American Medical Association 285: 2486–2497.
   Google Scholar
• Fu X, Porres JM, Lei XG. Comparative impacts of glutathione peroxidase-1 gene knockout on oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in mouse hepatocytes. Biochemical Journal 2001; 359: 687–695
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harman D. Free radical theory of aging: history. Free radicals and aging, I Ement, B Chance. Birkhauser, Basle 1992; 1–10
   Google Scholar
• Klipstein-Grobush K, Grobbee DE, Koster JF, Lindemans J, Boeing H, Hofman A, Witteman JC. Serum ceruloplasmin as a coronary risk factor in elderly: the Rotterdam study. British Journal of Nutrition 1999; 81: 139–144
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lawler JM, Song W. Specificity of antioxidant enzyme inhibition in skeletal muscle to reactive nitrogen species donors. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2002; 294: 1093–1100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopes PA, Santos MC, Vicente L, Rodrigues MO, Pavão ML, Nève J, Viegas-Crespo AM. Trace element status (Se, Cu, Zn) in healthy Portuguese subjects of Lisbon population — a reference study. Biological Trace Element Research 2004b; 101: 1–17
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lopes PA, Vicente L, Rodrigues MO, Santos MC, Napoleão P, Pavão ML, Nève J, Viegas-Crespo AM. Estado del Se, Cu y Zn y su relación con el perfil lipídico sérico en sujetos portugueses de Lisboa y el archipiélago de las Azores. Elementos traza years metabolismo lipídico, Fundación Mapfre Medicina. Editorial Mapfre, Madrid 2004a; 171–185
   Google Scholar
• Loyke HF. Effects of elements on blood pressure. Biological Trace Element Research 1997; 58: 1–12
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McIntyre M, Bohr DF, Dominiczak AF. Endothelial function in hypertension: the role of superoxide anion. Hypertension 1999; 34: 539–545
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Misra HP, Fridovich I. The role of superoxide anion in the autoxidation of epinephrine and simple assay for superoxide dismutase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1972; 247: 3170–3175
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munzel T, Hink U, Heitzer T, Meinertz T. Role of NADPH/NADH oxidase in the modulation of vascular tone. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1999; 874: 386
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nasirudin M, Khan RA. A study of serum zinc and copper in health and disease. Indian Journal of Pharmacology 2002; 36: 54
   Google Scholar
• National Institutes of Health. 1997. The sixth report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Publication No. 98-4080. Bethesda, MD: NIH.
   Google Scholar
• Nève J. New approaches to assess selenium status and requirement. Nutrition Reviews 2000; 58: 63–69
   Google Scholar
• Nève J, Chamart S, Molle L. Optimization of a direct procedure for determination of selenium in plasma and erythrocytes using Zeeman effect atomic absorption spectroscopy. Trace analytical chemistry in medicine and biology, Vol. 4, P Bratter, P Schramel. Walter de Gruyter, New York, NY 1987; 349–358
   Google Scholar
• Nève J, Molle L, Hanocq M, Sinet PM, Van Geffel R. Erythrocyte and plasma trace element levels in clinical assessments. Biological Trace Element Research 1983; 5: 75–79
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nève J, Thomassen Y, Van Damme M. Cooperative study on measurement of concentrations of selenium in freeze-dried (human whole) blood. Pure and Applied Chemistry 1992; 64: 765–780
   Google Scholar
• Özdemirler G, Öztezcan S, Toker G, Uysa M. Peroxidation status of erythrocytes and apolipoprotein B containing lipoproteins in hypercholesterolemic subjects. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 1997; 67: 130–133
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Paglia DE, Valentine WN. Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 1967; 70: 158–169
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pavão ML, Cordeiro C, Costa A, Raposo JA, Santos MC, Nève J, Viegas-Crespo AM. Comparison of whole blood glutathione peroxidase activity, levels of serum selenium, and lipid peroxidation in subjects from the fishing and rural communities of ‘Rabo de Peixe’ village, San Miguel Island, The Azores archipelago, Portugal. Biological Trace Element Research 2003; 92: 27–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pavão ML, Santos V, Costa A, Borges G, Santos MC, Nève J, Viegas-Crespo AM. 1999. Selenium, copper and zinc in some Azorean population. In Abdulla M, Bost M, Gamon S, Arnaud P, Chazot G, editors. New aspects of trace element research. London, Smith-Gordon. p. 42–44.
   Google Scholar
• Pedro-Botet DE, Covas MI, Martin S, Rubie-Prat J. Decreased endogenous antioxidant enzymatic status in essential hypertension. Journal of Human Hypertension 2000; 14: 343–345
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preziosi P, Galan P, Herbeth B, Valeix P, Russel AM, Malvy D, Dauphin A, Arnaud J, Richard MJ, Briancon S, Favier A, Hereberg S. Effects of supplementation with a combination of antioxidant vitamins and trace elements, at nutritional doses, on biological indicators and markers of the antioxidant system in adult subjects. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 1998; 17: 244–249
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reckelhoff JF. Gender differences in the regulation of blood pressure. Hypertension 2001; 37: 1199–1208
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Redón J, Oliva MR, Tormos C, Giner V, Chaves J, Iradi A, Sáez GT. Antioxidant activities and oxidative stress by-products in human hypertension. Hypertension 2003; 41: 1096–1101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robberecht H, Deelstra H. Factors influencing blood selenium concentration values: a literature review. Journal of Trace Elements and Electrolytes in Health and Disease 1994; 8: 129–143
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-Martinez MA, Ruiz-Torres A. Homeostasis between lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in healthy human aging. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 1992; 66: 213–222
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross R. Atherosclerosis — an inflammatory disease. New England Journal of Medicine 1999; 340: 115–126
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russo C, Olivieri O, Girelli D, Faccini G, Zenari ML, Lombardi S, Corrocher R. Anti-oxidant status and lipid peroxidation in patients with essential hypertension. Journal of Hypertension 1998; 16: 1267–1271
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saari JT. Copper deficiency and cardiovascular disease: role of peroxidation, glycation, and nutrition. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 2000; 78: 848–855
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salonen JT, Salonen R, Korpela H, Suntioinen S, Tuomilehto J. Serum copper and the risk of acute myocardial infarction: a prospective population study in men in eastern Finland. American Journal of Epidemiology 1991; 134: 268–276
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith AM, Chang MP-H, Medeiros LC. Generational differences in selenium status of women. Biological Trace Element Research 2000; 75: 157–165
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stralin P, Karlsson K, Johansson BO, Markland SL. The interstitium of the human arterial wall contains very large amounts of extracellular superoxide dismutase. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular biology 1995; 15: 2032–2036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Versieck J, Cornelis R. Trace elements in plasma or serum. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 1989
   Google Scholar
• Viegas-Crespo AM, Pavão ML, Paulo O, Santos V, Santos MC, Nève J. Trace element status (Se, Cu, Zn) and serum lipid profile in Portuguese subjects of San Miguel Island from Azores archipelago. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 2000; 14: 1–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Witztum JL, Steinberg D. Role of oxidized low density lipoprotein in atherogenesis. Journal of Clinical Investigation 1991; 88: 1785–1792
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu BP. Cellular defenses against damage from reactive oxygen species. Physiological Reviews 1994; 74: 139–162
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar