Does accessible technology need an ‘entrepreneurial state’? The creation of an EU market of universally designed and assistive technology through state aid

References

• Abbott, C. 2007. “Defining Assistive Technologies - A Discussion.” Journal of Assistive Technology 1 (1): 6–9.
   Google Scholar
• Abbott, C., D. Brown, L. Evett, and P. Standen. 2014. “Emerging Issues and Current Trends in Assistive Technology Use 2007–2010: Practising, Assisting and Enabling Learning for All.” Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 9 (6): 453–462.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• AEGIS. 2009. Final Deliverable D5.4.1.a Market Analysis Collaborative Project 224348.
   Google Scholar
• Ahtonen, A., and R. Pardo. 2012. “The Accessibility Act – Using the Single Market to Promote Fundamental Rights.” European Policy Centre. 12 March 2013. Accessed April 15, 2015. http://www.epc.eu/documents/uploads/pub_3393_the_accessibility_act.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Bauer, S., and L-J. Elsaesser. 2012. “Integrating Medical, Assistive, and Universally Designed Products and Technologies: Assistive Technology Device Classification (ATDC).” Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 7 (5): 350–355.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Biondi, A. 2013. “State Aid is Falling Down, Falling Down: An Analysis of the Case Law on the Notion of Aid.” Common Market Law Review 50 (6): 1719–1744.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borg, J., S. Larsson, and P. Östergren. 2011. “The Right to Assistive Technology: For Whom, for What and by Whom?” Disability & Society 26 (2): 151–67.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borraz, O. 2007. “Governing Standards: the Rise of Standardization Processes in France and in the EU.” Governance: An International Journal of Policy, Administration and Institutions. Accessed April 15, 2015. http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/IMG/pdf/standards.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Boyle, R. 2009. “Disability Issues in Public Procurement.” In Social and Environmental Policies in EC Procurement Law, edited by S. Arrowsmith and P. Kunzlik, 310–344. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Caccamo, S., A. Voloshchenko, and N. Y. Dankyi. 2014. “The Importance of Creating a Social Business to Produce Low-Cost Hearing Aids.” Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 9 (5): 368–373.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Charitakis, S. 2013. “An Introduction to the Disability Strategy 2010–2020, with a Focus on Accessibility.” Ars Aequi Accessed April 15, 2015. http://www.nuigalway.ie/dream/downloads/an_introduction_to_the_disability_strategy_20102020_with_a_focus_on_accessibility.pdf
   Google Scholar
• De Cecco, F. 2013. State Aid and the Economic Constitution. Oxford: Hart Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Deiberova, K., and H. Nyssens. 2009. “The New General Block Exemption Regulation (GBER): What changed?” European State Aid Law Quarterly 27 (1): 27–38.
   Google Scholar
• Deloitte. 2003. Access to Assistive Technology in the European Union–Report for the European Commission. Accessed April 15, 2015. http://www.acessibilidade.net/at/access_AT_EU.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Ellis, K., and M. Kent. 2011. Disability and New Media. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Faeh, A. 2013. “A single European Pharmaceutical Market: Does Maximum Harmonization Enhance Medicinal Product Innovation?” Pharmaceuticals Policy and Law 15 (2013): 7–27.
   Google Scholar
• Ferri, D. 2014. “Is there a “Cultural Dimension” of EU Disability Policy? New Perspectives after the Accession to the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.” In Trasformazioni e crisi della cittadinanza sociale, edited by L. Zagato, D. Costantini, F. Perocco, 241–268. Venice: Venice University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ferri, D. 2015. “‘Subsidising Accessibility’. Using EU State Aid Law and Policy to Foster Development and Production of Accessible Technology.” European State Aid Law Quarterly 14 (1): 51–67.
   Google Scholar
• Ferri, D., and M. Marquis. 2011. “Inroads to Social Inclusion in Europe's Social Market Economy: The Case of State Aid Supporting Employment of Workers with Disabilities.” European Journal of Legal Studies 4 (2): 44–73.
   Google Scholar
• Ferri, D., G. A. Giannoumis, and E. O'Sullivan. 2015. “Fostering Accessible Technology and Sculpting an Inclusive Market through Regulation.” International Review of Law, Computers & Technology. doi:10.1080/13600869.2015.1055666
   Google Scholar
• Foley, A., and Ferri, B. 2012. “Technology for People, not Disabilities: Ensuring Access and Inclusion.” Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs 12 (4): 192–200.
   Google Scholar
• Ford, G. S., T. Koutsky, and L. J. Spiwak. 2007. “A Valley of Death in the Innovation Sequence: An Economic Investigation.” Phoenix Center for Advanced Legal and Economic Public Policy Studies. Accessed April 15, 2015. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1093006 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1093006
   Google Scholar
• Gassmann, O., and G. Reepmeyer. 2008. “Universal Design - Innovations for All Ages.” In The Silver Market Phenomenon: Business Opportunities in an Era of Demographic Change, edited by F. Kohlbacher and C. Herstatt, 125–140. Berlin: Springer/Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Giannoumis, G. A., and J. Kline. 2014. Deliverable 7.2 (D7.2). Active citizenship through the use of new technologies – the experiences of three generations of persons with disabilities. Accessed April 20, 2015. http://discit.eu/.
   Google Scholar
• Goggin, G., and C. Newell. 2003. Digital Disability: The Social Construction of Disability in New Media. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
   Google Scholar
• Gramstad, A., S. L. Storli, and T. Hamran. 2014. “Exploring the Meaning of a new Assistive Technology Device for Older Individuals.” Disability Rehabilitation and Assistive Technology 9 (6): 493–498.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Halvorsen, R. 2009. “The Accessibility Principle in the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Implication for EU Disability Law and Policy.” Paper prepared for EFC UNCRPD Implementation Project (unpublished).
   Google Scholar
• Harris, J. 2010. “The Use, Role and Application of Advanced Technology in the Lives of Disabled People in the UK.” Disability & Society 25 (4): 427–439.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henschke, C. 2012. “Provision and Financing of Assistive Technology Devices in Germany: A Bureaucratic Odyssey? The Case of Myotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.” Health Policy 105 (2-3): 176–84.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hosking, D. 2013. “Staying the Course: The European Disability Strategy 2010–2020.” European Yearbook of Disability Law 4: 73–99.
   Google Scholar
• Kittel, A., A. Di Marco, and H. Stewart. 2002. “Factors Influencing the Decision to Abandon Manual Wheelchairs for Three Individuals with a Spinal Cord Injury.” Disability & Rehabilitation 24 (1–3): 106–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang, J. T. 2014. “EU State Aid Rules - The Need for Substantive Reform.” European State Aid Law Quarterly 13 (3): 440–453.
   Google Scholar
• Lawson, A. M. 2010. “Reasonable Accommodation and Accessibility Obligations: Towards a More Unified European Approach?” European Anti-discrimination Law Review 11: 11–21.
   Google Scholar
• Lemley, M. A. 2002. “Intellectual Property Rights and Standard-Setting Organizations.” California Law Review 90 (6): 1892–1973.
   Google Scholar
• Lenker, J. A., F. Harris, M. Taugher, and R. O. Smith. 2013. “Consumer Perspectives on Assistive Technology Outcomes.” Disability Rehabilitation and Assistive Technology 8 (5): 373–380.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mabbett, D. 2005. “The Development of Rights-based Social Policy in the European Union: The Example of Disability Rights.” Journal of Common Market Studies 43 (1): 97–120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazzucato, M. 2011. The Entrepreneurial State. London: Demos.
   Google Scholar
• Nicolaides, P. 2014. “An economic assessment of the usability of the new General Block Exemption Regulation for State Aid (Regulation 651/2014).” European Competition Journal 10 (3): 403–417.
   Google Scholar
• Plender, R. 2004. “Definition of Aid.” In The Law of State Aid in the European Union, edited by A. Biondi, P. Eeckhout, and J. Flynn, 3–40. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Quingley, C. 2009. European State Aid Law and Policy. Second Edition. Oxford: Hart Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Ravenberg, B. 2012. “Usability and Abandonment of Assistive Technology.” Journal of Assistive Technologies 6 (4): 259–269.
   Google Scholar
• Rossi, L. S. 2012. “Does the Lisbon Treaty Provide a Clearer Separation of Competences between EU and Member States?” Chap. 4. In Law after Lisbon, edited by A. Biondi, P. Eeckhout, and S. Ripley. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199644322.003.0004.
   Google Scholar
• Segura Catalán, M. J., and M. Clayton. 2013. “State Aid Modernisation: Another Reform?” ERA Forum: Scripta Iuris Europaei 14: 21–34.
   Google Scholar
• Scherer, M. J., and J. C. Galvin. 1996. “An Outcomes Perspective of Quality Pathways to the most Appropriate Technology.” In Evaluating, Selecting and Using Appropriate Assistive Technology, edited by J. C. Galvin and M. J. Scherer, 1–26. Gaithersberg, MD: Aspen.
   Google Scholar
• Scherer, M. J., J. Jutai, M. Fuhrer, L. Demers, and F. Deruyter. 2007. “A Framework for Modelling the Selection of Assistive Technology Devices (ATDs).” Disability & Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 2 (1): 1–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scherer, M. J. 2005. “Assessing the Benefits of Using Assistive Technologies and Other Supports for Thinking, Remembering and Learning.” Disability & Rehabilitation 27 (13): 731–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stack, J., L. Zarate, C. Pastor, N. E. Mathiassen, R. Barberà, H. Knops, and H. Kornsten. 2009. “Analysing and Federating the European Assistive Technology ICT Industry.” European Commission Information Society and Media. Accessed April 15, 2015. http://www.oasis-project.eu/docs/ICT_final.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Ştefan, O. 2013. Soft Law in Court: Competition Law, State Aid and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Alphen aan den Rijn: Kluwer.
   Google Scholar
• Vanderheiden’, G. 1998. “Barriers, Incentives and Facilitators for Adoption of Universal Design Practices by Consumer Product Manufacturers.” Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 42 (6): 584–588.
   Google Scholar
• Vanderheiden’, G., and J. Tobias. 2000. “Universal Design of Consumer Products: Current Industry Practice and Perceptions.” Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44 (32): 6–19.
   Google Scholar
• Tridimas, T. 2012. “Competence after Lisbon. The Elusive Search for Bright Lines.” In The European Union after the Treaty of Lisbon, edited by D. Ashiagbor, N. Contouris, and I. Lianos, 47–77. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Waddington, L. 2006. From Rome to Nice in a Wheelchair. The Development of a European Disability Policy. Groningen: Europa Law Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Waddington, L. 2009. “A Disabled Market: Free Movement of Goods and Services in the EU and Disability Accessibility.” European Law Journal 15 (5): 575–598.
   Google Scholar
• Waddington, L. 2011a. “The European Union and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: A Story of Exclusive and Shared Competences.” Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 18 (4): 431–453.
   Google Scholar
• Waddington, L. 2011b. “Future Prospects for EU Equality Law. Lessons to be Learnt from the Proposed Equal Treatment Directive.” European Law Review 36 (2): 163–84.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waddington, L. 2013. “Comment on Art. 9 - Study on the Implementation by the EU of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the European Disability Strategy 2010–2020.” Human European Consultancy for the European Commission (unpublished).
   Google Scholar
• Weatherill, S. 2011. “The Limits of Legislative Harmonization Ten Years after Tobacco Advertising: How the Court's Case Law has become a “Drafting Guide”.” German Law Journal 12 (3): 827–864.
   Google Scholar
• Wallach, D., and S. C. Scholz. 2012. “User-Centered Design: Why and How to Put Users First in Software Development.” In Software for People, Management for Professionals, edited by A. Maedche, A. Botzenhardt, and L. Neer, 11–38. Berlin: Springer Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Werle, R., and E. Iversen. 2006. “Promoting Legitimacy in Technical Standardization.” Science, Technology & Innovation Studies 2 (1): 19–39.
   Google Scholar