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Original

Case study using ultrasound to treat /ɹ/

, , &
Pages 323-329 | Received 12 Jul 2006, Accepted 15 May 2007, Published online: 03 Jul 2009

References

  • Adler‐Bock M., Bernhardt B., Gick B., Bacsfalvi P. The use of ultrasound in remediation of North American English /r/ in two adolescents. American Journal of Speech–Language Pathology 2007; 16: 128–139
  • Alwan A., Narayanan S., Haker K. Towards articulatory‐acoustic models for liquid approximants based on MRI and EPG data. Part II. The rhotics. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 1997; 101: 1078–1089
  • Bernhardt B., Gick B., Bacsfalvi P., Adler‐Bock M. Ultrasound in speech therapy with adolescents and adults. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics 2005; 19: 605–616
  • Bernhardt B., Gick B., Bacsfalvi P., Ashdown J. Speech habituation of hard of hearing adolescents using electropalatography and ultrasound as evaluated by trained listeners. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics 2003; 173: 199–216
  • Boersma P., Weenink D. University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 2003, Praat. Version 4.0.49 [computer software]
  • McGowan R., Nittrouer S., Manning C. Development of [ɹ] in young, Midwestern, American children. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2004; 1152: 871–884
  • Shriberg L., Flipsen P., Karlsson H., McSweeny J. Acoustic phenotypes for speech‐genetics studies: an acoustic marker for residual /ɹ/ distortions. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics 2001; 158: 631–650

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