References
- Acosta-Cabronero, J., Williams, G. B., Pengas, G., & Nestor, P. J. (2010). Absolute diffusivities define the landscape of white matter degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain, 133(2), 529–539. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awp257
- Agosta, F., Scola, E., Canu, E., Marcone, A., Magnani, G., Sarro, L., … Cappa, S. F. (2012). White matter damage in frontotemporal lobar degeneration spectrum. Cerebral Cortex, 22(12), 2705–2714. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhr288
- Asken, B. M., DeKosky, S. T., Clugston, J. R., Jaffee, M. S., & Bauer, R. M. (2018). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) findings in adult civilian, military, and sport-related mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI): A systematic critical review. Brain Imaging and Behavior, 12(2), 585–612. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-017-9708-9
- Baugh, C. M., Stamm, J. M., Riley, D. O., Gavett, B. E., Shenton, M. E., Lin, A., Nowinski, C. J., Cantu, R. C., McKee, A. C., & Stern, R. A. (2012). Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: Neurodegeneration following repetitive concussive and subconcussive brain trauma. Brain Imaging and Behavior, 6(2), 244–254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-012-9164-5
- Bazarian, J. J., Zhong, J., Blyth, B., Zhu, T., Kavcic, V., & Peterson, D. (2007). Diffusion tensor imaging detects clinically important axonal damage after mild traumatic brain injury: A pilot study. Journal of Neurotrauma, 24(9), 1447–1459. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2007.0241
- Bazarian, J. J., Zhu, T., Blyth, B., Borrino, A., & Zhong, J. (2012). Subject-specific changes in brain white matter on diffusion tensor imaging after sports-related concussion. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 30(2), 171–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mri.2011.10.001
- Beaulieu, C. (2002). The basis of anisotropic water diffusion in the nervous system–a technical review. NMR in Biomedicine: An International Journal Devoted to the Development and Application of Magnetic Resonance in Vivo, 15(7‐8), 435–455. https://doi.org/10.1002/nbm.782
- Behen, M. E., Helder, E., Rothermel, R., Solomon, K., & Chugani, H. T. (2008). Incidence of specific absolute neurocognitive impairment in globally intact children with histories of early severe deprivation. Child Neuropsychology, 14(5), 453–469. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297040802244136
- Bloom, J. S., & Hynd, G. W. (2005). The role of the corpus callosum in interhemispheric transfer of information: Excitation or inhibition? Neuropsychology Review, 15(2), 59–71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-005-6252-y
- Bonnelle, V., Ham, T. E., Leech, R., Kinnunen, K. M., Mehta, M. A., Greenwood, R. J., & Sharp, D. J. (2012). Salience network integrity predicts default mode network function after traumatic brain injury. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(12), 4690–4695. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1113455109
- Bonnelle, V., Leech, R., Kinnunen, K. M., Ham, T. E., Beckmann, C. F., De Boissezon, X., Greenwood, R. J., & Sharp, D. J. (2011). Default mode network connectivity predicts sustained attention deficits after traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neuroscience, 31(38), 13442–13451. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1163-11.2011
- Chappell, M. H., Uluǧ, A. M., Zhang, L., Heitger, M. H., Jordan, B. D., Zimmerman, R. D., & Watts, R. (2006). Distribution of microstructural damage in the brains of professional boxers: A diffusion MRI study. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging: An Official Journal of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 24(3), 537–542. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.20656
- Cubon, V. A., Putukian, M., Boyer, C., & Dettwiler, A. (2011). A diffusion tensor imaging study on the white matter skeleton in individuals with sports-related concussion. Journal of Neurotrauma, 28(2), 189–201. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2010.1430
- Delis, D. C., Kaplan, E., & Kramer, J. H. (2001). Delis-Kaplan executive function system (D-KEFS): examiner’s manual: Flexibility of thinking, concept formation, problem solving, planning, creativity, impulse control, inhibition. Pearson.
- Ewing-Cobbs, L., & Prasad, M. R. (2011). Outcome after abusive head injury. Child abuse and neglect: Diagnosis, treatment, and evidence (pp. 451–457). Elsevier Saunders, Inc.
- Gardner, A., Kay-Lambkin, F., Stanwell, P., Donnelly, J., Williams, W. H., Hiles, A., Schofield, P., Levi, C., & Jones, D. K. (2012). A systematic review of diffusion tensor imaging findings in sports-related concussion. Journal of Neurotrauma, 29(16), 2521–2538. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2012.2628
- Gavett, B. E., Stern, R. A., & McKee, A. C. (2011). Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A potential late effect of sport-related concussive and subconcussive head trauma. Clinics in Sports Medicine, 30(1), 179–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csm.2010.09.007
- Golden, C. J., & Freshwater, S. M. (1978). Stroop color and word test. Western Psychological Services.
- Goodrich‐Hunsaker, N. J., Abildskov, T. J., Black, G., Bigler, E. D., Cohen, D. M., Mihalov, L. K., … Yeates, K. O. (2018). Age‐and sex‐related effects in children with mild traumatic brain injury on diffusion magnetic resonance imaging properties: A comparison of voxelwise and tractography methods. Journal of Neuroscience Research, 96(4), 626–641. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.24142
- Gordon, M., McClure, F. D., & Aylward, G. P. (1996). The Gordon diagnostic system: Instruction manual and interpretive guide. Gordon System.
- Green, P., Iverson, G. L., & Allen, L. (1999). Detecting malingering in head injury litigation with the word memory test. Brain Injury, 13(10), 813–819. https://doi.org/10.1080/026990599121205
- Gronwall, D. M. A. (1977). Paced auditory serial-addition task: A measure of recovery from concussion. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 44(2), 367–373. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1977.44.2.367
- Henry, L. C., Tremblay, J., Tremblay, S., Lee, A., Brun, C., Lepore, N., Theoret, H., Ellemberg, D., & Lassonde, M. (2011). Acute and chronic changes in diffusivity measures after sports concussion. Journal of Neurotrauma, 28(10), 2049–2059. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2011.1836
- Johnson, C. P., Juranek, J., Kramer, L. A., Prasad, M. R., Swank, P. R., & Ewing-Cobbs, L. (2011). Predicting behavioral deficits in pediatric traumatic brain injury through uncinate fasciculus integrity. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 17(4), 663–673. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617711000464
- Koerte, I. K., Ertl-Wagner, B., Reiser, M., Zafonte, R., & Shenton, M. E. (2012). White matter integrity in the brains of professional soccer players without a symptomatic concussion. Jama, 308(18), 1859–1861. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.13735
- Kraus, M. F., Susmaras, T., Caughlin, B. P., Walker, C. J., Sweeney, J. A., & Little, D. M. (2007). White matter integrity and cognition in chronic traumatic brain injury: A diffusion tensor imaging study. Brain, 130(10), 2508–2519. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awm216
- Lao, Y., Law, M., Shi, J., Gajawelli, N., Haas, L., Wang, Y., & Leporé, N. (2015). A T1 and DTI fused 3D corpus callosum analysis in pre-vs. post-season contact sports players. In E. Romero & N. Lepore (Eds.), Proceedings of SPIE–the International Society for Optical Engineering (Vol. 9287, p. 92870O).
- Lebel, C., Gee, M., Camicioli, R., Wieler, M., Martin, W., & Beaulieu, C. (2012). Diffusion tensor imaging of white matter tract evolution over the lifespan. Neuroimage, 60(1), 340–352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.11.094
- Lebel, C., Walker, L., Leemans, A., Phillips, L., & Beaulieu, C. (2008). Microstructural maturation of the human brain from childhood to adulthood. Neuroimage, 40(3), 1044–1055. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.12.053
- Mahoney, C., Rossor, M. N., Fox, N. C., & Warren, J. D. (2012). 019 Profiles of white matter degeneration in frontotemporal dementia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 83(3), e1–e1. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2011-301993.61
- Maugans, T. A., Farley, C., Altaye, M., Leach, J., & Cecil, K. M. (2012). Pediatric sports-related concussion produces cerebral blood flow alterations. Pediatrics, 129(1), 28–37. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-2083
- Mayer, A. R., Ling, J., Mannell, M. V., Gasparovic, C., Phillips, J. P., Doezema, D., Reichard, R., & Yeo, R. A. (2010). A prospective diffusion tensor imaging study in mild traumatic brain injury. Neurology, 74(8), 643–650. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181d0ccdd
- Mayinger, M. C., Merchant-Borna, K., Hufschmidt, J., Muehlmann, M., Weir, I. R., Rauchmann, B. S., … Bazarian, J. J. (2018). White matter alterations in college football players: A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study. Brain Imaging and Behavior, 12(1), 44–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-017-9672-4
- McAllister, T. W., Ford, J. C., Flashman, L. A., Maerlender, A., Greenwald, R. M., Beckwith, J. G., Bolander, R. P., Tosteson, T. D., Turco, J. H., Raman, R., & Jain, S. (2014). Effect of head impacts on diffusivity measures in a cohort of collegiate contact sport athletes. Neurology, 82(1), 63–69. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000438220.16190.42
- McKee, A. C., Stein, T. D., Nowinski, C. J., Stern, R. A., Daneshvar, D. H., Alvarez, V. E., … Riley, D. O. (2013). The spectrum of disease in chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Brain, 136(1), 43–64. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/aws307
- Messé, A., Caplain, S., Paradot, G., Garrigue, D., Mineo, J. F., Soto Ares, G., … Pélégrini‐Issac, M. (2011). Diffusion tensor imaging and white matter lesions at the subacute stage in mild traumatic brain injury with persistent neurobehavioral impairment. Human Brain Mapping, 32(6), 999–1011. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.21092
- Metzler-Baddeley, C., Jones, D. K., Steventon, J., Westacott, L., Aggleton, J. P., & O’Sullivan, M. J. (2012). Cingulum microstructure predicts cognitive control in older age and mild cognitive impairment. Journal of Neuroscience, 32(49), 17612–17619. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3299-12.2012
- Neuroimaging Tools and Resources Collaboratory (NITRC). (2007). WFU_pickAtlas: Tool/resource info. Retrieved May 8, 2020, from https://www.nitrc.org/projects/wfu_pickatlas/
- Oishi, K., Faria, A. V., Hsu, J., Tippett, D., Mori, S., & Hillis, A. E. (2015). Critical role of the right uncinate fasciculus in emotional empathy. Annals of Neurology, 77(1), 68–74. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.24300
- Olson, I. R., Von Der Heide, R. J., Alm, K. H., & Vyas, G. (2015). Development of the uncinate fasciculus: Implications for theory and developmental disorders. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 14, 50–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2015.06.003
- Perlbarg, V., Puybasset, L., Tollard, E., Lehéricy, S., Benali, H., & Galanaud, D. (2009). Relation between brain lesion location and clinical outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury: A diffusion tensor imaging study using voxel‐based approaches. Human Brain Mapping, 30(12), 3924–3933. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.20817
- Piguet, O., Hornberger, M., Mioshi, E., & Hodges, J. R. (2011). Behavioural-variant frontotemporal dementia: Diagnosis, clinical staging, and management. The Lancet Neurology, 10(2), 162–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70299-4
- R Core Team. (2013). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. http://www.R-project.org/
- Reitan, R. M. (1992). Trail making test: Manual for administration and scoring. Reitan Neuropsychology Laboratory.
- Schoenberg, M. R., & Duff, K. (2011). Dementias and mild cognitive impairment in adults. In M. R. Schoenberg & J. G. Scott (Eds.), The little black book of neuropsychology (pp. 357–403). Springer.
- Seo, J. P., Kim, O. L., Kim, S. H., Chang, M. C., Kim, M. S., Son, S. M., & Jang, S. H. (2012). Neural injury of uncinate fasciculus in patients with diffuse axonal injury. NeuroRehabilitation, 30(4), 323–328. https://doi.org/10.3233/NRE-2012-0762
- Solomon, G. S., & Zuckerman, S. L. (2015). Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in professional sports: Retrospective and prospective views. Brain Injury, 29(2), 164–170. https://doi.org/10.3109/02699052.2014.965205
- Stern, R. A., Daneshvar, D. H., Baugh, C. M., Seichepine, D. R., Montenigro, P. H., Riley, D. O., … Simkin, I. (2013). Clinical presentation of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Neurology, 81(13), 1122–1129. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a55f7f
- Strauss, E., Sherman, E. M., & Spreen, O. (2006). A compendium of neuropsychological tests: Administration, norms, and commentary. American Chemical Society.
- Tartaglia, M. C., Zhang, Y., Racine, C., Laluz, V., Neuhaus, J., Chao, L., Kramer, J., Rosen, H., Miller, B., & Weiner, M. (2012). Executive dysfunction in frontotemporal dementia is related to abnormalities in frontal white matter tracts. Journal of Neurology, 259(6), 1071–1080. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-011-6300-x
- Von Der Heide, R. J., Skipper, L. M., Klobusicky, E., & Olson, I. R. (2013). Dissecting the uncinate fasciculus: Disorders, controversies and a hypothesis. Brain, 136(6), 1692–1707. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awt094
- Wechsler, D. (1997). WAIS-III, Wechsler adult intelligence scale: Administration and scoring manual. Psychological Corporation.
- Weder, N. D., Aziz, R., Wilkins, K., & Tampi, R. R. (2007). Frontotemporal dementias: A review. Annals of General Psychiatry, 6(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-859X-6-15
- Wheeler‐Kingshott, C. A., & Cercignani, M. (2009). About “axial” and “radial” diffusivities. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: An Official Journal of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 61(5), 1255–1260. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.21965
- Wilcox, B. J. (2014). Head impact exposure: The biomechanics of sports-related concussions [Doctoral dissertation]. Brown University, Providence.
- Wilkinson, G. S., & Robertson, G. J. (2006). Wide range achievement test 4 (WRAT4). Psychological Assessment Resources.
- Witelson, S. F. (1989). Hand and sex differences in the isthmus and genu of the human corpus callosum: A postmortem morphological study. Brain, 112(3), 799–835. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/112.3.799
- Yeh, P. H., Guan Koay, C., Wang, B., Morissette, J., Sham, E., Senseney, J., Liu, W., Yeh, C.-H., Eskay, V., Liu, W., French, L. M., Oakes, T. R., Riedy, G., Ollinger, J., & Joy, D. (2017). Compromised neurocircuitry in chronic blast‐related mild traumatic brain injury. Human Brain Mapping, 38(1), 352–369. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.23365
- Yendiki, A., Koldewyn, K., Kakunoori, S., Kanwisher, N., & Fischl, B. (2014). Spurious group differences due to head motion in a diffusion MRI study. Neuroimage, 88, 79–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.11.027
- Yendiki, A., Panneck, P., Srinivasan, P., Stevens, A., Zöllei, L., Augustinack, J., … Jbabdi, S. (2011). Automated probabilistic reconstruction of white-matter pathways in health and disease using an atlas of the underlying anatomy. Frontiers in Neuroinformatics, 5(Article 23), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fninf.2011.00023
- Zhang, K., Johnson, B., Pennell, D., Ray, W., Sebastianelli, W., & Slobounov, S. (2010). Are functional deficits in concussed individuals consistent with white matter structural alterations: Combined FMRI & DTI study. Experimental Brain Research, 204(1), 57–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-010-2294-3
- Zhang, L., Heier, L. A., Zimmerman, R. D., Jordan, B., & Uluğ, A. M. (2006). Diffusion anisotropy changes in the brains of professional boxers. American Journal of Neuroradiology, 27(9), 2000–2004.
- Zhang, L., Ravdin, L. D., Relkin, N., Zimmerman, R. D., Jordan, B., Lathan, W. E., & Uluğ, A. M. (2003). Increased diffusion in the brain of professional boxers: A preclinical sign of traumatic brain injury? American Journal of Neuroradiology, 24(1), 52–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-010-2294-3
- Zhang, Y., Schuff, N., Du, A.-T., Rosen, H. J., Kramer, J. H., Gorno-Tempini, M. L., Miller, B. L., & Weiner, M. W. (2009). White matter damage in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer’s disease measured by diffusion MRI. Brain, 132(9), 2579–2592. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awp071