REFERENCES

  • Baron, K. G., & Reid, K. J. (2014). Circadian misalignment and health. International Review of Psychiatry, 26(2), 139–154. doi:10.3109/09540261.2014.911149
  • Bastien, C. H., Vallieres, A., & Morin, C. M. (2001). Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Medicine, 2(4), 297–307. doi:10.1016/S1389-9457(00)00065-4
  • Becker, S. P., Jarrett, M. A., Luebbe, A. M., Garner, A. A., Burns, G. L., & Kofler, M. J. (2018). Sleep in a large, multi-university sample of college students: Sleep problem prevalence, sex differences, and mental health correlates. Sleep Health, 4(2), 174–181. doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2018.01.001
  • Berdynaj, D., Boudissa, S. N., Grieg, M. S., Hope, C., Mahamed, S. H., & Norbury, R. (2016). Effect of chronotype on emotional processing and risk taking. Chronobiology International, 33(4), 406–418. doi:10.3109/07420528.2016.1146739
  • Bernert, R. A., Hom, M. A., Iwata, N. G., & Joiner, T. E. (2017). Objectively assessed sleep variability as an acute warning sign of suicidal ideation in a longitudinal evaluation of young adults at high suicide risk. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 78(6), e678–e687. doi:10.4088/JCP.16m11193
  • Biddle, D. J., Robillard, R., Hermens, D. F., Hickie, I. B., & Glozier, N. (2015). Accuracy of self-reported sleep parameters compared with actigraphy in young people with mental ill-health. Sleep Health, 1(3), 214–220. doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2015.07.006
  • Bresin, K., & Mekawi, Y. (2020). Different ways to drown out the pain: A meta-analysis of the association between nonsuicidal self-injury and alcohol use. Archives of Suicide Research, 1–22. doi:10.1080/13811118.2020.1802378
  • Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., 3rd, Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research, 28(2), 193–213. doi:10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4
  • Cameron, A. C., & Trivedi, P. K. (2013). Regression analysis of count data (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Cover image. http://assets.cambridge.org/97811070/14169/cover/9781107014169.jpg.
  • Carney, C. E., Buysse, D. J., Ancoli-Israel, S., Edinger, J. D., Krystal, A. D., Lichstein, K. L., & Morin, C. M. (2012). The consensus sleep diary: Standardizing prospective sleep self-monitoring. Sleep, 35(2), 287–302. doi:10.5665/sleep.1642
  • Chen, W., Shi, J., Qian, L., & Azen, S. P. (2014). Comparison of robustness to outliers between robust Poisson models and log-binomial models when estimating relative risks for common binary outcomes: A simulation study. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 14, 82. doi:10.1186/1471-2288-14-82
  • Chu, C., Buchman-Schmitt, J. M., Stanley, I. H., Hom, M. A., Tucker, R. P., Hagan, C. R., … Joiner, T. E. (2017). The interpersonal theory of suicide: A systematic review and meta-analysis of a decade of cross-national research. Psychological Bulletin, 143(12), 1313–1345. doi:10.1037/bul0000123
  • Chu, C., Hom, M. A., Rogers, M. L., Ringer, F. B., Hames, J. L., Suh, S., & Joiner, T. E. (2016). Is insomnia lonely? Exploring thwarted belongingness as an explanatory link between insomnia and suicidal ideation in a sample of South Korean University students. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 12(5), 647–652. doi:10.5664/jcsm.5784
  • Chu, C., Hom, M. A., Rogers, M. L., Stanley, I. H., Ringer-Moberg, F. B., Podlogar, M. C., … Joiner, T. E. (2017). Insomnia and suicide-related behaviors: A multi-study investigation of thwarted belongingness as a distinct explanatory factor. Journal of Affective Disorders, 208, 153–162. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.065
  • Cyders, M. A., Littlefield, A. K., Coffey, S., & Karyadi, K. A. (2014). Examination of a short English version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. Addictive Behaviors., 39(9), 1372–1376. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.02.013
  • Dietch, J. R., Sethi, K., Slavish, D. C., & Taylor, D. J. (2019). Validity of two retrospective questionnaire versions of the Consensus Sleep Diary: The whole week and split week Self-Assessment of Sleep Surveys. Sleep Medicine, 63, 127–136. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2019.05.015
  • Drapeau, C. W., & McIntosh, J. L. (2020). U.S.A. suicide: 2019 Official final data. https://suicidology.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/2019datapgsv2b.pdf.
  • Fox, K. R., Franklin, J. C., Ribeiro, J. D., Kleiman, E. M., Bentley, K. H., & Nock, M. K. (2015). Meta-analysis of risk factors for nonsuicidal self-injury. Clinical Psychology Review, 42, 156–167. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2015.09.002
  • Grandner, M. A., & Drummond, S. P. (2007). Who are the long sleepers? Towards an understanding of the mortality relationship. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 11(5), 341–360. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2007.03.010
  • Grandner, M. A., Jackson, N. J., Izci-Balserak, B., Gallagher, R. A., Murray-Bachmann, R., Williams, N. J., … Jean-Louis, G. (2015). Social and behavioral determinants of perceived insufficient sleep. Frontiers in Neurology, 6, 112. doi:10.3389/fneur.2015.00112
  • Grandner, M. A., Olivier, K., Gallagher, R., Hale, L., Barrett, M., Branas, C., … Alfonso-Miller, P. (2020). Quantifying impact of real-world barriers to sleep: The Brief Index of Sleep Control (BRISC). Sleep Health, 6(5):587–593. doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2020.01.013
  • Grandner, M. A., Patel, N. P., Gehrman, P. R., Xie, D., Sha, D., Weaver, T., & Gooneratne, N. (2010). Who gets the best sleep? Ethnic and socioeconomic factors related to sleep complaints. Sleep Medicine, 11(5), 470–478. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2009.10.006
  • Grove, J. L., Smith, T. W., Carlson, S. E., Bryan, C. J., Crowell, S. E., Czajkowski, L., … Parkhurst, K. (2020). Prospective association between suicide cognitions and emotional responses to a laboratory stressor: The mediating role of nightly subjective sleep quality. Journal of Affective Disorders, 265, 77–84. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.060
  • Harvey, A. G., Stinson, K., Whitaker, K. L., Moskovitz, D., & Virk, H. (2008). The subjective meaning of sleep quality: A comparison of individuals with and without insomnia. Sleep, 31(3), 383–393. doi:10.1093/sleep/31.3.383
  • Hedegaard, H., Curtin, S. C., & Warner, M. (2018). Suicide mortality in the United States, 1999-2017. NCHS Data Brief, 330, 1–8.
  • Henderson, S. E. M., Brady, E. M., & Robertson, N. (2019). Associations between social jetlag and mental health in young people: A systematic review. Chronobiology International, 36(10), 1316–1333. doi:10.1080/07420528.2019.1636813
  • Hirshkowitz, M., Whiton, K., Albert, S. M., Alessi, C., Bruni, O., DonCarlos, L., … Ware, J. C. (2015). National Sleep Foundation's updated sleep duration recommendations: Final report. Sleep Health, 1(4), 233–243. doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2015.10.004
  • Hom, M. A., Chu, C., Schneider, M. E., Lim, I. C., Hirsch, J. K., Gutierrez, P. M., & Joiner, T. E. (2017). Thwarted belongingness as an explanatory link between insomnia symptoms and suicidal ideation: Findings from three samples of military service members and veterans. Journal of Affective Disorders, 209, 114–123. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.11.032
  • Hysing, M., Sivertsen, B., Stormark, K. M., & O'Connor, R. C. (2015). Sleep problems and self-harm in adolescence. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 207(4), 306–312. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.114.146514
  • Jean-Louis, G., Grandner, M. A., Youngstedt, S. D., Williams, N. J., Zizi, F., Sarpong, D. F., & Ogedegbe, G. G. (2015). Differential increase in prevalence estimates of inadequate sleep among black and white Americans. BMC Public Health, 15, 1185. doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2500-0
  • Jean-Louis, G., Turner, A. D., Seixas, A., Jin, P., Rosenthal, D. M., Liu, M., & Avirappattu, G. (2020). Epidemiologic methods to estimate insufficient sleep in the US population. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health., 17(24), 9337. doi:10.3390/ijerph17249337
  • Joiner, T. E. (2005). Why people die by suicide. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Kang, S. G., Lee, Y. J., Kim, S. J., Lim, W., Lee, H. J., Park, Y. M., … Hong, J. P. (2014). Weekend catch-up sleep is independently associated with suicide attempts and self-injury in Korean adolescents. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 55(2), 319–325. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.08.023
  • Khazaie, H., Zakiei, A., McCall, W. V., Noori, K., Rostampour, M., Sadeghi Bahmani, D., & Brand, S. (2020). Relationship between sleep problems and self-injury: A systematic review. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 19(5):689–704. doi:10.1080/15402002.2020.1822360
  • Kiekens, G., Hasking, P., Boyes, M., Claes, L., Mortier, P., Auerbach, R. P., … Bruffaerts, R. (2018). The associations between non-suicidal self-injury and first onset suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Journal of Affective Disorders, 239, 171–179. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.06.033
  • Kiekens, G., Hasking, P., Bruffaerts, R., Alonso, J., Auerbach, R. P., Bantjes, J., … Kessler, R. C. (2021). Non-suicidal self-injury among first-year college students and its association with mental disorders: Results from the World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) initiative. Psychological Medicine. 1–12. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/S0033291721002245
  • Krakow, B. (2006). Nightmare complaints in treatment-seeking patients in clinical sleep medicine settings: Diagnostic and treatment implications. Sleep, 29(10), 1313–1319. doi:10.1093/sleep/29.10.1313
  • Krystal, A. D., & Edinger, J. D. (2008). Measuring sleep quality. Sleep Medicine, 9(Suppl 1), S10–S17. doi:10.1016/S1389-9457(08)70011-X
  • Lemyre, A., Bastien, C., & Vallières, A. (2019). Nightmares in mental disorders: A review. Dreaming, 29(2), 144–166. doi:10.1037/drm0000103
  • Liu, R. T., Trout, Z. M., Hernandez, E. M., Cheek, S. M., & Gerlus, N. (2017). A behavioral and cognitive neuroscience perspective on impulsivity, suicide, and non-suicidal self-injury: Meta-analysis and recommendations for future research. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews., 83, 440–450. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.09.019
  • Logan, R. W., Hasler, B. P., Forbes, E. E., Franzen, P. L., Torregrossa, M. M., Huang, Y. H., … McClung, C. A. (2018). Impact of sleep and circadian rhythms on addiction vulnerability in adolescents. Biological Psychiatry, 83(12), 987–996. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.11.035
  • Lowe, C. J., Safati, A., & Hall, P. A. (2017). The neurocognitive consequences of sleep restriction: A meta-analytic review. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews., 80, 586–604. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.07.010
  • Lund, H. G., Reider, B. D., Whiting, A. B., & Prichard, J. R. (2010). Sleep patterns and predictors of disturbed sleep in a large population of college students. The Journal of Adolescent Health, 46(2), 124–132. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.06.016
  • McGowan, N. M., & Coogan, A. N. (2018). Sleep and circadian rhythm function and trait impulsivity: An actigraphy study. Psychiatry Research, 268, 251–256. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.07.030
  • McGowan, N. M., Uzoni, A., Faltraco, F., Thome, J., & Coogan, A. N. (2020). The impact of social jetlag and chronotype on attention, inhibition and decision making in healthy adults. Journal of Sleep Research, 29(6), e12974. doi:10.1111/jsr.12974
  • Palmer, C. A., & Alfano, C. A. (2017). Sleep and emotion regulation: An organizing, integrative review. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 31, 6–16. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2015.12.006
  • Paruthi, S., Brooks, L. J., D'Ambrosio, C., Hall, W. A., Kotagal, S., Lloyd, R. M., … Wise, M. S. (2016). Recommended amount of sleep for pediatric populations: A consensus statement of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 12(6), 785–786. doi:10.5664/jcsm.5866
  • Peltzer, K., & Pengpid, S. (2016). Sleep duration and health correlates among university students in 26 countries. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 21(2), 208–220. doi:10.1080/13548506.2014.998687
  • Pilcher, J. J., Morris, D. M., Donnelly, J., & Feigl, H. B. (2015). Interactions between sleep habits and self-control. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9, 284. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00284
  • Plener, P. L., Schumacher, T. S., Munz, L. M., & Groschwitz, R. C. (2015). The longitudinal course of non-suicidal self-injury and deliberate self-harm: A systematic review of the literature. Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation, 2, 2. doi:10.1186/s40479-014-0024-3
  • Posner, K., Brown, G. K., Stanley, B., Brent, D. A., Yershova, K. V., Oquendo, M. A., … Mann, J. J. (2011). The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale: Initial validity and internal consistency findings from three multisite studies with adolescents and adults. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 168(12), 1266–1277. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10111704
  • Ribeiro, J. D., Franklin, J. C., Fox, K. R., Bentley, K. H., Kleiman, E. M., Chang, B. P., & Nock, M. K. (2016). Self-injurious thoughts and behaviors as risk factors for future suicide ideation, attempts, and death: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychological Medicine., 46(2), 225–236. doi:10.1017/S0033291715001804
  • Riemann, D., Spiegelhalder, K., Feige, B., Voderholzer, U., Berger, M., Perlis, M., & Nissen, C. (2010). The hyperarousal model of insomnia: A review of the concept and its evidence. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 14(1), 19–31. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2009.04.002
  • Robinson, K., & Wilson, M. S. (2020). Open to interpretation? Inconsistent reporting of lifetime nonsuicidal self-injury across two common assessments. Psychological Assessment, 32(8), 726–738. doi:10.1037/pas0000830
  • Roenneberg, T., Wirz-Justice, A., & Merrow, M. (2003). Life between clocks: Daily temporal patterns of human chronotypes. Journal of Biological Rhythms, 18(1), 80–90. doi:10.1177/0748730402239679
  • Rufino, K. A., Ward-Ciesielski, E. F., Webb, C. A., & Nadorff, M. R. (2020). Emotion regulation difficulties are associated with nightmares and suicide attempts in an adult psychiatric inpatient sample. Psychiatry Research, 293, 113437. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113437
  • Rumble, M. E., Dickson, D., McCall, W. V., Krystal, A. D., Case, D., Rosenquist, P. B., & Benca, R. M. (2018). The relationship of person-specific eveningness chronotype, greater seasonality, and less rhythmicity to suicidal behavior: A literature review. J Affect Disord, 227, 721–730. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.078
  • Russell, K., Allan, S., Beattie, L., Bohan, J., MacMahon, K., & Rasmussen, S. (2019). Sleep problem, suicide and self-harm in university students: A systematic review. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 44, 58–69. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2018.12.008
  • Schmidt, C., Peigneux, P., Leclercq, Y., Sterpenich, V., Vandewalle, G., Phillips, C., … Collette, F. (2012). Circadian preference modulates the neural substrate of conflict processing across the day. PLoS One, 7(1), e29658. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0029658
  • Schredl, M., & Reinhard, I. (2011). Gender differences in nightmare frequency: A meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev, 15(2), 115–121. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2010.06.002
  • Sellers, C. M., Diaz-Valdes, A., Oliver, M. M., Simon, K. M., & O'Brien, K. H. M. (2021). The relationship between alcohol and cannabis use with nonsuicidal self-injury among adolescent inpatients: Examining the 90 days prior to psychiatric hospitalization. Addictive Behaviors., 114, 106759. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106759
  • Shekleton, J. A., Flynn-Evans, E. E., Miller, B., Epstein, L. J., Kirsch, D., Brogna, L. A., … Rajaratnam, S. M. (2014). Neurobehavioral performance impairment in insomnia: Relationships with self-reported sleep and daytime functioning. Sleep, 37(1), 107–116. doi:10.5665/sleep.3318
  • Sivertsen, B., Hysing, M., Knapstad, M., Harvey, A. G., Reneflot, A., Lonning, K. J., & O'Connor, R. C. (2019). Suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-harm among university students: Prevalence study. BJPsych Open, 5(2), e26. doi:10.1192/bjo.2019.4
  • Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., & Lowe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166(10), 1092–1097. doi:10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092
  • Swannell, S. V., Martin, G. E., Page, A., Hasking, P., & St John, N. J. (2014). Prevalence of nonsuicidal self-injury in nonclinical samples: Systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression. Suicide & Life-Threatening Behavior, 44(3), 273–303. doi:10.1111/sltb.12070
  • Taylor, P. J., Jomar, K., Dhingra, K., Forrester, R., Shahmalak, U., & Dickson, J. M. (2018). A meta-analysis of the prevalence of different functions of non-suicidal self-injury. Journal of Affective Disorders, 227, 759–769. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.073
  • Touitou, Y., Touitou, D., & Reinberg, A. (2016). Disruption of adolescents' circadian clock: The vicious circle of media use, exposure to light at night, sleep loss and risk behaviors. Journal of Physiology, Paris, 110(4 Pt B), 467–479. doi:10.1016/j.jphysparis.2017.05.001
  • Van Dam, N. T., & Earleywine, M. (2011). Validation of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised (CESD-R): Pragmatic depression assessment in the general population. Psychiatry Research, 186(1), 128–132. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2010.08.018
  • Van Orden, K. A., Cukrowicz, K. C., Witte, T. K., & Joiner, T. E. (2012). Thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness: Construct validity and psychometric properties of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire. Psychological Assessment, 24(1), 197–215. doi:10.1037/a0025358
  • Van Orden, K. A., Witte, T. K., Cukrowicz, K. C., Braithwaite, S. R., Selby, E. A., & Joiner, T. E. Jr. (2010). The interpersonal theory of suicide. Psychological Review, 117(2), 575–600. doi:10.1037/a0018697
  • Van Someren, E. J. W. (2020). Brain mechanisms of insomnia: New perspectives on causes and consequences. Physiological Reviews. 101(3):995–1046. doi:10.1152/physrev.00046.2019
  • Ward-Ciesielski, E. F., Winer, E. S., Drapeau, C. W., & Nadorff, M. R. (2018). Examining components of emotion regulation in relation to sleep problems and suicide risk. Journal of Affective Disorders, 241, 41–48. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.065
  • Wardle-Pinkston, S., Slavish, D. C., & Taylor, D. J. (2019). Insomnia and cognitive performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev, 48, 101205. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2019.07.008
  • Watson, N. F., Badr, M. S., Belenky, G., Bliwise, D. L., Buxton, O. M., Buysse, D., … Tasali, E. (2015). Recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult: A joint consensus statement of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society. Sleep, 38(6), 843–844. doi:10.5665/sleep.4716
  • Whinnery, J., Jackson, N., Rattanaumpawan, P., & Grandner, M. A. (2014). Short and long sleep duration associated with race/ethnicity, sociodemographics, and socioeconomic position. Sleep, 37(3), 601–611. doi:10.5665/sleep.3508
  • Williams, F., & Hasking, P. (2010). Emotion regulation, coping and alcohol use as moderators in the relationship between non-suicidal self-injury and psychological distress. Prevention Science, 11(1), 33–41. doi:10.1007/s11121-009-0147-8
  • Wittmann, M., Dinich, J., Merrow, M., & Roenneberg, T. (2006). Social jetlag: Misalignment of biological and social time. Chronobiology International, 23(1–2), 497–509. doi:10.1080/07420520500545979
  • Wolff, J. C., Thompson, E., Thomas, S. A., Nesi, J., Bettis, A. H., Ransford, B., … Liu, R. T. (2019). Emotion dysregulation and non-suicidal self-injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis. European Psychiatry, 59, 25–36. doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.03.004
  • Xu, J., Murphy, S. L., Kochanek, K. D., & Arias, E. (2020). Mortality in the United States, 2018. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db355.htm.
  • Zou, G. Y., & Donner, A. (2013). Extension of the modified Poisson regression model to prospective studies with correlated binary data. Statistical Methods in Medical Research, 22(6), 661–670. doi:10.1177/0962280211427759

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.