Priorities for early hearing detection and intervention in sub-Saharan Africa

References

• Allen T.E. Patterns of academic achievement among hearing impaired students: 1974 and 1983. Deaf Children in America, A.N. Schildroth, M.A. Karchmer. College Hill Press, San Diego, CA 1986; 61–206
   Google Scholar
• Andrade V., Ross E. Beliefs and practices of Black South African traditional healers regarding hearing impairment. Int J Audiol 2005; 44: 489–499
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bamford J., Uus K., Davis A. Screening for hearing loss in childhood: Issues, evidence, and current approaches in the UK. J Med Screen 2005; 12: 119–124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carney A.E., Moeller M.P. Treatment efficacy: Hearing loss in children. J Sp Hear Res 1998; 41: S61–S84
   Google Scholar
• Chiong C., Ostrea E., Jr., Reyes A., Llanes E.G., Uy M.E., et al. Correlation of hearing screening with developmental outcomes in infants over a two-year period. Acta Otolaryngol 2007; 127: 384–388
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunmade A.D., Segun-Busari S., Olajide T.G., Ologe F.E. Profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss in Nigerian children: Any shift in etiology?. J Deaf Stud Deaf Educ 2007; 12: 112–118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eleweke J.C. Provision of audiological services in Nigeria: What future?. Scand Audiol Suppl 1997; 45: 47–53
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• First L.R., Palfrey J.S. The infant or young child with developmental delay. N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 478–483
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitaw Y., Boersma J.M. Prevalence and impact of disability in north-western Ethiopia. Disabil Rehabil 2006; 28: 949–953
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitzpatrick E., Graham I.D., Durieux-Smith A., Angus D., Coyle D. Parents’ perspectives on the impact of the early diagnosis of childhood hearing loss. Int J Audiol 2007; 46: 97–106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glover D.M. The deaf child-challenges in management: A parent's perspective. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2003; 67(Suppl. 1)S197–S200
   Google Scholar
• Grantham-McGregor S., Cheung Y.B., Cueto S., Glewwe P., Richter L., et al. Developmental potential in the first five years for children in developing countries. Lancet 2007; 369: 60–70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gravel J.S., O'Gara J. Communication options for children with hearing loss. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 2003; 9: 243–251
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Green S.E. “What do you mean ‘what's wrong with her’?”: Stigma and the lives of families of children with disabilities. Soc Sci Med 2003; 57: 1361–1374
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gutenbrunner C., Ward A.B., Chamberlain M.A. White book on physical and rehabilitation medicine in Europe. Eura Medicophys 2006; 42: 287–332
   Google Scholar
• Hetu R. The stigma attached to hearing impairment. Scand Audiol 1996; 25(Suppl 43)12–24
   Google Scholar
• Hibbard R.A., Desch L.W. and the Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect and Council on Children with Disabilities. 2007. Maltreatment of children with disabilities. Pediatrics, 119, 1018–1025.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hindley P., Parkes R. Speaking sign language from birth can make deaf children confident. BMJ 1999; 318: 1491
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horn D.L., Pisoni D.B., Miyamoto R.T. Divergence of fine and gross motor skills in prelingually deaf children: Implications for cochlear implantation. Laryngoscope 2006; 116: 1500–1506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson C.P., Blasco P.A. Infant growth and development. Pediatr Rev 1997; 18: 224–242
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Johnson J.L., White K.R., Widen J.E., Gravel J.S., James M., et al. A multi-centre evaluation of how many infants with permanent hearing loss pass a two-stage otoacoustic emissions/automated auditory brainstem response newborn hearing screening protocol. Pediatrics 2005; 116: 663–672
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH). 2007. Joint Committee on Infant Hearing Year 2007 Position Statement: Principles and guidelines for early hearing detection and intervention programs. Pediatrics, 120, 898–921.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kennedy C.R., McCann D.C., Campbell M.J., Law C.M., Mullee M., et al. Language ability after early detection of permanent childhood hearing impairment. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 2131–2141
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiyaga N.B., Moores D.F. Deafness in sub-Saharan Africa. Am Ann Deaf 2003; 148: 18–24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knutson J.F., Johnson C.R., Sullivan P.M. Disciplinary choices of mothers of deaf children and mothers of normally-hearing children. Child Abuse Negl 2004; 28: 925–927
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kvam M.H. Sexual abuse of deaf children. A retrospective analysis of the prevalence and characteristics of childhood sexual abuse among deaf adults in Norway. Child Abuse Negl 2004; 28: 241–251
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynas W. Controversies in the education of deaf children. Curr Pediatr 2005; 15: 200–206
   Google Scholar
• McKellin W.H. Hearing-impaired families: The social ecology of hearing loss. Soc Sci Med 1995; 40: 1469–1480
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McPherson B., Swart S.M. Childhood hearing loss in sub-Saharan Africa: A review and recommendations. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1997; 40: 1–18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meadow-Orlans K.P., Spencer P.E., Koester L.S., Steinberg A.G. Implications for intervention with infants and families. The World of Deaf Infants: A Longitudinal Study, K.P. Meadow-Orlans, P.E. Spencer, L.S. Koester. Oxford University Press, New York 2004; 218–228
   Google Scholar
• Mencher G.T.A., Devoe S.J. Universal newborn screening: A dream realized or a nightmare in the making?. Scand Audiol 2001; 30(Suppl 53)15–21
   Google Scholar
• Moeller M.P. Early intervention and language development in children who are deaf and hard of hearing. Pediatrics 2000; 106: 43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohr P.E., Feldman J.J., Dunbar J.L., McConkey-Robbins A., Niparko J.K., et al. The societal costs of severe to profound hearing loss in the United States. Int J Techno Assess 2000; 16: 1120–1135
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newton V.E. 2004. Early detection of hearing impairment. Comm Ear Hear Health, 1, 4–6. http://www.icthesworldcare.com/journals/CommE_H.pdf ( accessed February 22, 2008).
   Google Scholar
• Odebiyi A.I., Togonu-Bickersteth F. Concepts and management of deafness in the Yoruba medical system: A case study of traditional healers in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Soc Sci Med 1987; 24: 645–649
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olusanya B.O. (2008) , Wirz S.L. & Luxon L.M. 2008. Early detection of childhood hearing impairment in a community with predominant non hospital-based deliveries. 12th Spring Meeting of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of York, UK, April 14–17, .
   Google Scholar
• Olusanya B.O., Newton V.E. Global burden of childhood hearing impairment and disease control priorities for developing countries. Lancet 2007; 369: 1314–1317
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olusanya B.O., Swanepoel de W., Chapchap M.J., Castillo S., Habib H., et al. Progress towards early detection services for infants with hearing loss in developing countries. BMC Health Serv Res 2007; 7: 14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olusanya B.O. Early hearing detection and intervention in developing countries: Current status and prospects. Volta Review 2006; 106: 381–418
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olusanya B.O., Ruben R.J., Parving A. Reducing the burden of communication disorders in the developing world: An opportunity for the millennium development project. JAMA 2006a; 296: 441–444
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olusanya B.O., Eletu B.O., Odusote B., Somefun A.O., Olude O. Early detection of infant hearing loss: Current experiences of health professionals in a developing country. Acta Paediatrica 2006b; 95: 1300–1302
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olusanya B.O., Luxon L.M., Wirz S.L. Maternal views on infant hearing loss in a developing country. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2006c; 70: 619–623
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olusanya B.O., Luxon L.M., Wirz S.L. Ethical issues in screening for hearing impairment in newborns in developing countries. J Med Ethics 2006d; 32: 588–591
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olusanya B.O., Luxon L.M., Wirz S.L. Childhood deafness poses problems in developing countries. BMJ 2005; 330: 480–481
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parving A., Christensen B. Training and employment in hearing-impaired subjects at 20–35 years of age. Scand Audiol 1993; 22: 133–139
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruben R.J. Redefining the survival of the fittest: Communication disorders in the 21st century. Laryngoscope 2000; 110: 241–245
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroeder L., Petrou S., Kennedy C., McCann D., Law C., et al. The economic costs of congenital bilateral permanent childhood hearing impairment. Pediatrics 2006; 117: 1101–1112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sellars S., Brighton P. Childhood deafness in southern Africa. An aetiological survey of 3064 deaf children. J Laryngol Otol 1983; 97: 885–889
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shonkoff J.P. & Phillips D.A.. 2000. From Neurons to Neighbourhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development. National Research Council and Institute of Medicine Committee on Integrating the Science of Early Childhood Development. Board on Children, Youth and Families, Commission on Behavioural and Social Sciences and Education. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
   Google Scholar
• Smith A.W. Preventing deafness: An achievable challenge. The WHO perspective. Int Congr Ser 2003; 1240: 183–191
   Google Scholar
• Smith R.J., Bale J.F., White K.R. Sensorineural hearing loss in children. Lancet 2005; 365: 879–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephens D., Stephens R., Eisenhart-Rothe A. Attitudes toward hearing-impaired children in less developed countries: A pilot study. Audiology 2000; 39: 184–191
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sullivan P.M., Knutson J.F. Maltreatment and disabilities: A population-based epidemiological study. Child Abuse Negl 2000; 24: 1257–1273
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swanepoel D., Louw B., Hugo R. A novel service delivery model for infant hearing screening in developing countries. Int J Audiol 2007; 46: 321–327
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swanepoel D.W., Hugo R., Louw B. Infant hearing screening at immunization clinics in South Africa. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2006; 70: 1241–1249
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swanepoel D.W. Audiology in South Africa. Int J Audiol 2006; 45: 262–266
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). 2007. The state of the world's children 2008. New York. http://www.unicef.org/sowc08/docs/sowc08.pdf (accessed February 10, 2008).
   Google Scholar
• United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). 2005. Violence against disabled children. UN Secretary-General's Report on violence against children, New York. http://www.unicef.org/videoaudio/PDFs/UNICEF_Violence_Against_Disabled_Children_Report_Distributed_Version.pdf (Accessed March 12, 2008).
   Google Scholar
• Watkin P., McCann D., Law C., Mullee M., Petrou S. , et al 2007. Language ability in children with permanent childhood hearing impairment: The influence of early management and family participation. Pediatrics, 120, e694–e701.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiegersma P.H., Van der Velde A. Motor development of deaf children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1983; 24: 103–111
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson K. 2006. Services for deaf children in Kenya. The International Deaf Children's Society. London. http://www.idcs.info/docs/Services_for_deaf_children_in_Kenya.pdf (accessed February 22, 2008).
   Google Scholar
• World Bank. 2008. Africa development indicators 2007, Washington DC. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTSTATINAFR/Resources/ad, 2007, , http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTSTATINAFR/Resources/adi2007_final.pdf (accessed February 22, 2008).
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. 2001. International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, Geneva.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. 2006a. Primary Ear & Hearing Care Training Resource. Advanced Level. Geneva.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. 2006b. World health report 2006: working together for health, Geneva.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. 2003. Strategic directions for improving the health and development of children and adolescents, Geneva. http://www.who.int/child-adolescent-health/New_Publications/Overview/CAH_Strategy/CAH_strategy_EN.pdf (accessed February 22, 2008).
   Google Scholar
• Yoshinaga–Itano C., Sedey A.L., Coulte D.K., Mehl A.L. Language of early and later-identified children with hearing loss. Pediatrics 1998; 102: 1161–1171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar