Evaluation of cytotoxicity, acute toxicity, genotoxicity and antioxidant and antigenotoxicity activities of the sarcotesta fraction of punica granatum L. rich in lectin (PgTel)

References

• Almalki, D. A., S. A. Alghamdi, and A. M. Al-Attar. 2019. “Comparative Study on the Influence of Some Medicinal Plants on Diabetes Induced by Streptozotocin in Male Rats.” Biomedical Research International 2019:11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3596287.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ateba, S. B., R. V. Simo, J. C. Mabanya, L. Krenn, and D. Njamen. 2014. “Safety Profile and Gender-Specific Differences of a Methanol Extract of Eriosema Laurentii (Leguminosae) in Acute and Subchronic (28 Days) Oral Toxicity Studies in Wistar Rats.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology 65:27–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2013.12.016.
   Google Scholar
• Bernstein, N., M. Akram, Z. Yaniv‐Bachrach, and M. Daniyal. 2021. “Is it Safe to Consume Traditional Medicinal Plants During Pregnancy?” Phytotherapy Research 35 (4): 1908–1924. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6935.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bing, D. H., J. G. Weyand, and A. B. Stavinsky. 1967. “Hemagglutination with Aldehyde-Fixed Erythrocytes for the Assay of Antigens and Antibodies.” In Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA, 1166–1170. Vol. 124.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolouri, P., R. Salami, S. Kouhi, M. Kordi, B. Asgari Lajayer, J. Hadian, and T. Astatkie. 2022. “Applications of Essential Oils and Plant Extracts in Different Industries.” Molecules 27 (24): 8999. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27248999.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradford, M. M. 1976. “A Rapid and Sensitive Method for the Quantitation of Microgram Quantities of Protein Utilizing the Principle of Protein-Dye Binding.” Analytical Biochemistry 72 (1–2): 248–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brand-Willians, A., M. Cuvelier, and C. Berset. 1995. “Use of a Free Radical Method to Evaluate Antioxidant Activity.” Food Science and Technology 28 (1): 25–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0023-6438(95)80008-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavdar, H. K., D. K. Yanık, U. Gok, and F. Gogus. 2017. “Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Pomegranate (Punica Granatum L.) Seed Oil and Evaluation of its Physicochemical and Bioactive Properties.” Food Technology and Biotechnology 55 (1): 86. https://doi.org/10.17113/ftb.55.01.17.4638.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, Z., R. Tian, Z. She, J. Cai, and H. Li. 2020. “Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.” Free Radical Biology and Medicine 152:116–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.02.025.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costa, W. K., J. R. S. de Oliveira, A. M. de Oliveira, I. B. da Silva Santos, R. X. da Cunha, A. F. S. de Freitas, J. W. L. M. da Silva, et al. 2020. “Essential Oil from Eugenia Stipitata McVaugh Leaves Has Antinociceptive, Anti-Inflammatory and Antipyretic Activities without Showing Toxicity in Mice.” Industrial Crops and Products 144:112059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.112059.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costa, W. K., M. F. Do Nascimento, É. L. S. Barbosa, T. G. dos Santos Souza, C. A. Chagas, T. H. Napoleão, M. T. S. Correia, F. A. Brayner, A. M. de Oliveira, and M. V. da Silva. 2023. “Cytotoxicity, Oral Toxicity, Genotoxicity, and Mutagenicity Evaluation of Essential Oil from Psidium Glaziovianum Kiaersk Leaves.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology 303:115955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2022.115955.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dassprakash, M. V., R. Arun, S. K. Abraham, and K. Premkumar. 2012. “In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antigenotoxic Potential of Punica Granatum Leaf Extract.” Pharmaceutical Biology 50 (12): 1523–1530. https://doi.org/10.3109/13880209.2012.689771.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Amorim, A., H. R. Borba, and J. L. Armada. 1995. “Test of Mutagenesis in Mice Treated with Aqueous Extracts from Punica Granatum L. (Pomegranate).” Revista Brasileira de Farmacia 76:110–111.
   Google Scholar
• Dias, R. O., L. S. Machado, O. L. Migliol, and O. L. Franco. 2015. “Insights into Animal and Plant Lectins with Antimicrobial Activities.” Molecules 20 (1): 519–541. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20010519.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dos Santos, R. L., L. O. Dellacqua, N. T. Delgado, W. N. Rouver, P. L. Podratz, L. C. Lima, M. P. C. Piccini, et al. 2016. “Pomegranate Peel Extract Attenuates Oxidative Stress by Decreasing Coronary Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Activity in Hypertensive Female Rats.” Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health A 79 (21): 998–1007. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2016.1213690.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ernest, S. N., and M. Kpemissi. 2019. “Protective Effect of Bioactive Fractions of C. Dalzielii Against Weight Gain in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet.” International Journal of Scientific Research 10 (8): 34144–34153. http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2019.1008.3831.
   Google Scholar
• Farzaei, M. H., M. Zobeiri, F. Parvizi, F. F. El-Senduny, I. Marmouzi, E. Coy-Barrera, R. Naseri, S. M. Nabavi, R. Rahimi, and M. Abdollahi. 2018. “Curcumin in Liver Diseases: A Systematic Review of the Cellular Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress and Clinical Perspective.” Nutrients 10 (7): 855. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10070855.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferreira, P. M. P., D. D. R. Arcanjo, and A. P. Peron. 2023. “Drug Development, Brazilian Biodiversity and Political Choices: Where are we Heading?” Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health B 26 (5): 257–274. https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2023.2193762.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green, A. A., and W. L. Hughes. 1955. “Protein Fractionation on the Basis of Solubility in Aqueous Solutions of Salts and Organic Solvents.” Methods in Enzymology 1:67–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(55)01014-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guex, C. G., F. Z. Reginato, K. C. Figueredo, A. R. H. da Silva, F. B. Pires, R. S. Da Jesus, C. L. Lhamas, G. H. H. Lopes, and L. F. De Bauermann. 2018. “Safety Assessment of Ethanolic Extract of Olea Europaea L. Leaves After Acute and Subacute Administration to Wistar Rats.” Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 98:156–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.04.013.
   Google Scholar
• Haghayeghi, K., K. Shetty, and R. Ronald Labbé. 2013. “Inhibition of Foodborne Pathogens by Pomegranate Juice.” Journal of Medicinal Food 16 (5): 201–207. https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2012.0233.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horuz, T. I., and M. Maskan. 2015. “Effect of the Phytochemicals Curcumin, Cinnamaldehyde, Thymol, and Carvacrol on the Oxidative Stability of Corn and Palm Oils at Frying Temperatures.” Journal of Food Science and Technology 52 (12): 8041–8049. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-015-1913-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, G., X. Mei, and J. Hu. 2017. “The Antioxidant Activities of Natural Polysaccharides.” Current Drug Targets 18 (11): 1296–1300. https://doi.org/10.2174/1389450118666170123145357.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ismail, A. E. 2015. “Management of Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne Javanica on Tomato by Dry Crushed Pomegranate Punica Granatum L. Peels as a Bio-Fumigant in Egypt.” Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 48 (3): 253–258. https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2014.885218.
   Google Scholar
• Ismail, T., P. Sestili, and S. Akhtar. 2012. “Pomegranate Peel and Fruit Extracts: A Review of Potential Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Infective Effects.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology 143 (2): 397–405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2012.07.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jalali, A., M. Kiafar, M. Seddigh, and M. M. Zarshenas. 2021. “Punica Granatum as a Source of Natural Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agent: A Comprehensive Review on Related Investigations.” Current Drug Discovery Technologies 18 (2): 207–224. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570163817666200430001822.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jimenez, P. C., S. C. Fortier, T. M. C. Lotufo, C. Pessoa, M. E. A. Moraes, M. O. De Moraes, and L. V. Costa-Lotufo. 2003. “Biological Activity in Extracts of Ascidians (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) from the Northeastern Brazilian Coast.” Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 287 (1): 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0981(02)00499-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khwairakpam, A. D., D. Bordoloi, K. K. Thakur, J. Monisha, F. Arfuso, G. Sethi, and A. B. Kunnumakkara. 2018. “Possible Use of Punica Granatum (Pomegranate) in Cancer Therapy.” Pharmacological Research 133:53–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2018.04.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowry, O. H., N. J. Rosebrough, A. L. Farr, and R. J. Randall. 1951. “Protein Measurement with the Folin Phenol Reagent.” Journal of Biological Chemistry 193 (1): 265–275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, W., Y. Shi, R. Wang, D. Su, M. Tang, Y. Liu, and Z. Li. 2021. “Antioxidant Activity and Healthy Benefits of Natural Pigments in Fruits: A Review.” International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22 (9): 4945. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094945.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maistro, E. L., P. M. Terrazzas, A. C. H. F. Sawaya, P. C. P. Rosa, F. F. Perazzo, and I. O. N. de Mascarenhas Gaivão. 2022. “In Vivo Toxicogenic Potential of Salix Alba (Salicaceae) Bark Extract.” Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health A 85 (3): 121–130. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2021.1989351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maphetu, N., J. O. Unuofin, N. P. Masuku, C. Olisah, and S. L. Lebelo. 2022. “Medicinal Uses, Pharmacological Activities, Phytochemistry, and the Molecular Mechanisms of Punica Granatum L.(pomegranate) Plant Extracts: A Review.” Biomedical Pharmacotherapy 153:113–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113256.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mendonça, J. D. S., R. C. A. Guimarães, V. A. Zorgetto-Pinheiro, C. D. P. Fernandes, G. Marcelino, D. Bogo, K. C. Freitas, et al. 2022. “Natural Antioxidant Evaluation: A Review of Detection Methods.” Molecules (Basel) 27 (11): 3563. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27113563.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nirumand, M. C., M. Hajialyani, R. Rahimi, M. H. Farzaei, S. Zingue, S. M. Nabavi, and A. Bishayee. 2018. “Dietary Plants for the Prevention and Management of Kidney Stones: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence and Molecular Mechanisms.” International Journal of Molecular Science 19 (3): 765. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19030765.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliveira, A. M., W. A. V. da Silva, M. R. A. Ferreira, P. M. G. Paiva, P. L. de Medeiros, L. A. L. Soares, B. M. Carvalho, and T. H. Napoleão. 2019. “Assessment of 28-Day Oral Toxicity and Antipyretic Activity of the Saline Extract from Pilosocereus Gounellei (Cactaceae) Stem in Mice.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology 234:96–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.01.036.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliveira, A. M., A. F. S. Freitas, P. M. G. Paiva, and T. H. Napoleão. 2020. “Genotoxicity Assessment of Saline Extract from Pilosocereus Gounellei (Cactaceae) and Its Chemopreventive Effect Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced DNA Damage.” Heliyon 6 (4): e03811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03811.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. 2001. OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals. Guideline: Acute Oral Toxicity-Acute Toxic Class Method. Paris: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
   Google Scholar
• Paiva, P. M. G., T. H. Napoleão, N. D. L. Santos, M. T. S. Correia, D. M. A. F. Navarro, and L. C. B. B. Coelho. 2011. “Plant Compounds with Aedes Aegypti Larv Icidal Activity and Other Biological Properties.” In Bioprocess Sciences and Technology, edited by M.-T. Liong, 271–295. New York: Nova Science Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Pereira, T. S., J. R. D. Sant’anna, J. F. Morais, J. P. R. D. S. A. Yajima, P. C. D. F. Mathias, C. C. D. S. Franco, and M. A. A. D. Castro-Prado. 2019. “Assessment of Bendamustine-Induced Genotoxicity in Eukaryotic Cells.” Drug Chemical Toxicology 42 (4): 394–402. https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2018.1458236.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petersen, M. C., D. F. Vatner, and G. I. Shulman. 2017. “Regulation of Hepatic Glucose Metabolism in Health and Disease.” Nature Reviews Endocrinology 13 (10): 572–587. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2017.80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pohl, F., and P. K. T. Lin. 2018. “The Potential Use of Plant Natural Products and Plant Extracts with Antioxidant Properties for the Prevention/Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases: In Vitro, in vivo and Clinical Trials.” Molecules 23 (12): 3283. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prieto, P., M. Pineda, and M. Aguilar. 2013. “Spectrophotometric Quantitation of Antioxidant Capacity Through the Formation of a Phosphomolybdenum Complex: Specific Application to the Determination of Vitamin E.” Analytical Biochemistry 269 (2): 337–341. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1999.4019.
   Google Scholar
• Procópio, T. F., L. L. de Siqueira Patriota, M. C. de Moura, P. M. da Silva, A. P. S. de Oliveira, L. V. Do Nascimento Carvalho, T. A. Lima, et al. 2017. “CasuL: A New Lectin Isolated from Calliandra Surinamensis Leaf Pinnulae with Cytotoxicity to Cancer Cells, Antimicrobial Activity and Antibiofilm Effect.” International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 98:419–429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.019.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Purpura, M., R. Jäger, and M. Falk. 2021. “An Assessment of Mutagenicity, Genotoxicity, Acute-, Subacute and Subchronic Oral Toxicity of Paraxanthine (1,7-Dimethylxanthine).” Food and Chemical Toxicology 158:112579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2021.112579.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Re, R., N. Pellegrini, A. Proteggente, A. Pannala, M. Yang, and C. Rice-Evans. 1999. “Antioxidant Activity Applying an Improved ABTS Radical Cation Decolorization Assay.” Free Radical Biology and Medicine 26 (9–10): 1231–1237. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00315-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma, P., S. F. McClees, and F. Afaq. 2017. “Pomegranate for Prevention and Treatment of Cancer: An Update.” Molecules 22 (1): 177. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22010177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shin, S., J. M. Yi, N. S. Kim, C. S. Park, S. H. Kim, and O. S. Bang. 2020. “Aqueous Extract of Forsythia Viridissima Fruits: Acute Oral Toxicity and Genotoxicity Studies.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology 249:112381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.112381.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva, A. R., R. R. de Vasconcelos Alves, S. P. da Silva, S. J. D. S. C. Branco, A. de Oliveira Marinho, T. G. dos Santos Souza, C. A. Chagas, P. M. G. Paiva, A. M. Oliveira, and T. H. Napoleão. 2022. “Acute Toxicity and Genotoxicity Assessment of PgTeL, a Lectin from Pomegranate Sarcotesta, in Mice.” South African Journal of Botany 151:301–308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2022.02.035.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva, P. M., M. C. Moura, F. S. Gomes, D. S. Trentin, A. P. S. Oliveira, S. V. Mello, M. G. R. Pitta, et al. 2018. “PgTeL, the Lectin Found in Punica Granatun Juice, Is an Antifungal Agent Against Candida albicans and Candida Krusei.” International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 108:391–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.039.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva, P. M., T. H. Napoleão, L. C. Silva, D. T. Fortes, T. A. Lima, and R. B. Zingali, … P. M. Paiva. 2016. “The Juicy Sarcotesta of Punica Granatum Contains a Lectin That Affects Growth, Survival as Well as Adherence and Invasive Capacities of Human Pathogenic Bacteria.” Journal of Functional Foods 27:695–702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2016.10.015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, A. M. R., C. Rothblum-Oviatt, N. A. Ellis, I. D. Hickson, S. Meyer, T. O. Crawford, A. Smogorzewska, B. Pietrucha, C. Weemaes, and G. S. Stewart. 2019. “Chromosome Instability Syndromes.” Nature Review Disease Primers 5 (1): 64. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-019-0113-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turkez, H., M. E. Arslan, and O. Ozdemir. 2017. “Genotoxicity Testing: Progress and Prospects for the Next Decade.” Expert Opinion Drug Metabolism Toxcology 13 (10): 1089–1098. https://doi.org/10.1080/17425255.2017.1375097.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valadares, M. C., E. R. T. Pereira, P. L. Benfica, and J. R. Paula. 2010. “Assessment of Mutagenic and Antimutagenic Effects of Punica Granatum in Mice.” Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 46 (1): 121–127. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-82502010000100014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vale, E. O., L. R. Rego, D. D. N. Pureza, P. B. Silva, F. F. O. Sousa, and M. A. B. M. 2020. “Cytogenetic and Toxicological Effects of Punica Granatum Linnaeus Fruit Peel Hydroethanolic Extract in Mice.” South African Journal of Botany 130:465–470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2020.01.041.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vasconcellos, M. C., R. C. Montenegro, G. C. G. Militão, A. M. Fonseca, O. D. L. Pessoa, T. L. G. Lemos, C. Pessoa, M. O. Moraes, and L. V. Costa-Lotufo. 2005. “Bioactivity of Biflorin, a Typical O-Naphthoquinone Isolated from Capraria Biflora L.” Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 60 (5–6): 394–398. https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2005-5-605.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viana, A. R., N. B. Bottari, V. R. Oviedo, D. Santos, J. E. L. Londero, M. R. C. Schetinger, E. M. M. Flores, et al. 2023. “Phytochemical and Biological Characterization of Aqueous Extract of Vassobia Breviflora on Proliferation and Viability of Melanoma Cells: Involvement of Purinergic Pathway.” Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health A 86 (17): 51–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2023.2233989.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• York, M. J. 2017. “Clinical Pathology.” In A Comprehensive Guide to Toxicology in Nonclinical Drug Development, edited by A. S. Faqi, 325–374. 2nd ed. Mattawan, Michigan, USA: Elsevier Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Zhao, X., and Z. Yuan. 2021. “Anthocyanins from Pomegranate (Punica Granatum L.) and Their Role in Antioxidant Capacities In Vitro.” Chemistry & Biodiversity 18 (10): e2100399. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202100399.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar