Anti-Inflammatory Activity in the Low Molecular Weight Fraction of Commercial Human Serum Albumin (LMWF5A)

References

• Lawrence, R. C.; Felson, D. T.; Helmick, C. G.; Arnold, L. M.; Choi, H.; Deyo, R. A.; Gabriel, S.; Hirsch, R.; Hochberg, M. C.; Hunder, G. G.; Jordan, J. M.; Katz, J. N.; Kremers, H. M.; Wolfe, F. Estimates of the Prevalence of Arthritis and Other Rheumatic Conditions in the United States. Part II. Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 58(1), 26–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scanzello, C. R.; Goldring, S. R. The Role of Synovitis in Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis. Bone 2012, 51(2), 249–257.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta, P. K.; Das, A. K.; Chullikana, A.; Majumdar, A. S. Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cartilage Repair in Osteoarthritis. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2012, 3(4), 25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wojdasiewicz, P.; Poniatowski, L. A.; Szukiewicz, D. The Role of Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis. Mediators Inflamm. 2014, 2014, 561459.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toncheva, A.; Remichkova, M.; Ikonomova, K.; Dimitrova, P.; Ivanovska, N. Inflammatory Response in Patients with Active and Inactive Osteoarthritis. Rheumatol. Int. 2009, 29(10), 1197–1203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daghestani, H. N.; Pieper, C. F.; Kraus, V. B. Soluble Macrophage Biomarkers Indicate Inflammatory Phenotypes in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014, 67(4), 959–965.
   Google Scholar
• Loeser, R. F. Molecular Mechanisms of Cartilage Destruction: Mechanics, Inflammatory Mediators, and Aging Collide. Arthritis Rheum. 2006, 54(5), 1357–1360.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimonkevitz, R.; Thomas, G.; Slone, D. S.; Craun, M.; Mains, C.; Bar-Or, D. A Diketopiperazine Fragment of Human Serum Albumin Modulates T-Lymphocyte Cytokine Production through Rap1. J. Trauma 2008, 64(1), 35–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bar-Or, D.; Thomas, G. W.; Bar-Or, R.; Rael, L. T.; Scarborough, K.; Rao, N.; Shimonkevitz, R. Commercial Human Albumin Preparations for Clinical Use Are Immunosuppressive in Vitro. Crit. Care Med. 2006, 34(6), 1707–1712.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fang, L.; Parti, R.; Hu, P. Characterization of N-Acetyltryptophan Degradation Products in Concentrated Human Serum Albumin Solutions and Development of an Automated High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method for Their Quantitation. J. Chromatogr. A 2011, 1218(41), 7316–7324.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gay, M.; Carrascal, M.; Gorga, M.; Pares, A.; Abian, J. Characterization of Peptides and Proteins in Commercial Hsa Solutions. Proteomics 2010, 10(2), 172–181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gundry, R. L.; Fu, Q.; Jelinek, C. A.; Van Eyk, J. E.; Cotter, R. J. Investigation of an Albumin-Enriched Fraction of Human Serum and Its Albuminome. Proteomics Clin. Appl. 2007, 1(1), 73–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bar-Or, D.; Salottolo, K. M.; Loose, H.; Phillips, M. J.; McGrath, B.; Wei, N.; Borders, J. L.; Ervin, J. E.; Kivitz, A.; Hermann, M.; Shlotzhauer, T.; Churchill, M.; Slappey, D.; Clift, V. A Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate Two Doses of an Intra-Articular Injection of Lmwf-5a in Adults with Pain Due to Osteoarthritis of the Knee. PLoS One 2014, 9(2), e87910.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spitzer, M.; Wildenhain, J.; Rappsilber, J.; Tyers, M. Boxplotr: A Web Tool for Generation of Box Plots. Nat. Meth. 2014, 11(2), 121–122.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aktas, E.; Sener, E.; Zengin, O.; Gocun, P. U.; Deveci, M. A. Serum Tnf-Alpha Levels: Potential Use to Indicate Osteoarthritis Progression in a Mechanically Induced Model. Euro. J. Ortho. Surg. Traumatol. 2012, 22, 119–122.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandes, J. C.; Martel-Pelletier, J.; Pelletier, J. P. The Role of Cytokines in Osteoarthritis Pathophysiology. Biorheology 2002, 39(1–2), 237–246.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calich, A. L.; Domiciano, D. S.; Fuller, R. Osteoarthritis: Can Anti-Cytokine Therapy Play a Role in Treatment? Clin. Rheumatol. 2010, 29(5), 451–455.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sundman, E. A.; Cole, B. J.; Karas, V.; Della Valle, C.; Tetreault, M. W.; Mohammed, H. O.; Fortier, L. A. The Anti-Inflammatory and Matrix Restorative Mechanisms of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Osteoarthritis. Am. J. Sports Med. 2014, 42(1), 35–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcouiller, P.; Pelletier, J. P.; Guevremont, M.; Martel-Pelletier, J.; Ranger, P.; Laufer, S.; Reboul, P. Leukotriene and Prostaglandin Synthesis Pathways in Osteoarthritic Synovial Membranes: Regulating Factors for Interleukin 1beta Synthesis. J. Rheumatol. 2005, 32(4), 704–712.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vuolteenaho, K.; Moilanen, T.; Hamalainen, M.; Moilanen, E. Effects of Tnfalpha-Antagonists on Nitric Oxide Production in Human Cartilage. Osteoarthr. Cartilage 2002, 10(4), 327–332.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathy-Hartert, M.; Martin, G.; Devel, P.; Deby-Dupont, G.; Pujol, J. P.; Reginster, J. Y.; Henrotin, Y. Reactive Oxygen Species Downregulate the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Genes by Human Chondrocytes. Inflamm. Res. 2003, 52(3), 111–118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chu, S. C.; Yang, S. F.; Lue, K. H.; Hsieh, Y. S.; Wu, C. L.; Lu, K. H. Regulation of Gelatinases Expression by Cytokines, Endotoxin, and Pharmacological Agents in the Human Osteoarthritic Knee. Connect. Tissue Res. 2004, 45(3), 142–150.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wurfel, M. M.; Park, W. Y.; Radella, F.; Ruzinski, J.; Sandstrom, A.; Strout, J.; Bumgarner, R. E.; Martin, T. R. Identification of High and Low Responders to Lipopolysaccharide in Normal Subjects: An Unbiased Approach to Identify Modulators of Innate Immunity. J. Immunol. 2005, 175(4), 2570–2578.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benito, M. J.; Veale, D. J.; FitzGerald, O.; van den Berg, W. B.; Bresnihan, B. Synovial Tissue Inflammation in Early and Late Osteoarthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 2005, 64(9), 1263–1267.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chorazy-Massalska, M.; Kontny, E.; Kornatka, A.; Rell-Bakalarska, M.; Marcinkiewicz, J.; Maslinski, W. The Effect of Taurine Chloramine on Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Production by Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Isolated from Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis Patients. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 2004, 22(6), 692–698.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, Y.; Dou, H.; Gong, W.; Liu, X.; Yu, Z.; Li, E.; Tan, R.; Hou, Y. Bis-N-Norgliovictin, a Small-Molecule Compound from Marine Fungus, Inhibits Lps-Induced Inflammation in Macrophages and Improves Survival in Sepsis. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2013, 705(1–3), 49–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quartara, L.; Maggi, C. A. The Tachykinin Nk1 Receptor. Part I: Ligands and Mechanisms of Cellular Activation. Neuropeptides 1997, 31(6), 537–563.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuluc, F.; Lai, J. P.; Kilpatrick, L. E.; Evans, D. L.; Douglas, S. D. Neurokinin 1 Receptor Isoforms and the Control of Innate Immunity. Trends Immunol. 2009, 30(6), 271–276.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakai, K.; Matsuno, H.; Tsuji, H.; Tohyama, M. Substance P Receptor (Nk1) Gene Expression in Synovial Tissue in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis. Scand. J. Rheumatol. 1998, 27(2), 135–141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keeble, J.; Blades, M.; Pitzalis, C.; Castro da Rocha, F. A.; Brain, S. D. The Role of Substance P in Microvascular Responses in Murine Joint Inflammation. Br. J. Pharmacol. 2005, 144(8), 1059–1066.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nair, A.; Kanda, V.; Bush-Joseph, C.; Verma, N.; Chubinskaya, S.; Mikecz, K.; Glant, T. T.; Malfait, A. M.; Crow, M. K.; Spear, G. T.; Finnegan, A.; Scanzello, C. R. Synovial Fluid from Patients with Early Osteoarthritis Modulates Fibroblast-Like Synoviocyte Responses to Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Toll-Like Receptor 2 Ligands Via Soluble Cd14. Arthritis Rheum. 2012, 64(7), 2268–2277.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, H. A.; Cho, M. L.; Choi, H. Y.; Yoon, C. S.; Jhun, J. Y.; Oh, H. J.; Kim, H. Y. The Catabolic Pathway Mediated by Toll-Like Receptors in Human Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes. Arthritis Rheum. 2006, 54(7), 2152–2163.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scanzello, C. R.; Plaas, A.; Crow, M. K. Innate Immune System Activation in Osteoarthritis: Is Osteoarthritis a Chronic Wound? Curr. Opin. Rheumatol. 2008, 20(5), 565–572.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar