210
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Article

A Systematic Review of the Familial Co-Aggregation of Schizophrenia With Non-Psychotic Disorders

, MS & , MS, MEd

REFERENCES

  • Addington, J., Cornblatt, B.A., Cadenhead, K.S., Cannon, T.D., McGlashan, T.H., Perkins, D.O., … Heinssen, R. (2011). At clinical high risk for psychosis: Outcome for nonconverters. American Journal of Psychiatry, 168, 800–805.
  • Allen, N.C., Bagade, S., McQueen, M.B., Ioannidis, J.P.A., Kavvoura, F.K., Khoury, M.J., … Bertram, L. (2008). Systematic meta-analyses and field synopsis of genetic association studies in schizophrenia: The SzGene database. Nature Genetics, 40, 827–834.
  • Argyropoulos, S.V., Landau, S., Kalidindi, S., Toulopoulou, T., Castle, D.J., Murray, R.M., & Picchioni, M.M. (2008). Twins discordant for schizophrenia: Psychopathology of the non-schizophrenic co-twins. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 118(3), 214–219.
  • Awad, A.G., & Voruganti, L.N. (2008). The burden of schizophrenia on caregivers: A review. Pharmacoeconomics, 26(2), 149–162.
  • Breslau, N., Novak, S.P., & Kessler, R.C. (2004). Daily smoking and the subsequent onset of psychiatric disorders. Psychological Medicine, 34(2), 323–333.
  • Bresnahan, M., Begg, M.D., Brown, A., Schaefer, C., Sohler, N., Insel, B., … Susser, E. (2007). Race and risk of schizophrenia in a US birth cohort: Another example of health disparity? International Journal of Epidemiology, 36, 751–758.
  • Buckley, P.F., Miller, B.J., Lehrer, D.S., & Castle, D.J. (2009). Psychiatric comorbidities and schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 35(2), 383–402.
  • Christodoulou, T., Messinis, L., Papathanasopoulos, P., & Frangou, S. (2012). The impact of familial risk for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder on cognitive control during episodic memory retrieval. Psychiatry Research, 197(3), 212–216.
  • Cross-Disorder Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. (2013). Identification of risk loci with shared effects on five major psychiatric disorders: A genome-wide analysis. Lancet, doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62129-1.
  • Dean, K., Stevens, H., Mortensen, P.B., Murray, R.M., Walsh, E., & Pedersen, C.B. (2010). Full spectrum of psychiatric outcomes among offspring with parental history of mental disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67(8), 822–829.
  • DeVylder, J.E., & Lukens, E.P. (2012). Family history of schizophrenia as a risk factor for axis I psychiatric conditions. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 47(2), 181–187.
  • Dohrenwend, B.P., Levav, I., Shrout, P.E., Schwartz, S., Naveh, G., Link, B.G., … Stueve, A. (1992). Socioeconomic status and psychiatric disorders: the causation-selection issue. Science, 255(5047), 946–952.
  • Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L., Adamo, U.H., Rock, D., Roberts, S.A., Bassett, A.S., Squieres-Wheeler, E., … Gottesman, I.I. (1997). The New York high-risk project: Prevalence and comorbidity of axis I disorders in offspring of schizophrenic parents at 25-year follow-up. Archives of General Psychiatry, 54, 1096–1102.
  • Fergusson, D.M., Horwood, L., & Lynskey, M.T. (1996). Childhood sexual abuse and psychiatric disorder in young adulthood: II. Psychiatric outcomes of childhood sexual abuse. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 35(10), 1365–1374.
  • Giakoumaki, S.G., Roussos, P., Pallis, E.G., & Bitsios, P. (2011). Sustained attention and working memory deficits follow a familial pattern in schizophrenia. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 26(7), 687–695.
  • Gottesman, I.I., & Bertelsen, A. (1989). Confirming unexpressed genotypes for schizophrenia: risks in the offspring of Fischer’s Danish identical and fraternal discordant twins. Archives of General Psychiatry, 46(10), 867–872.
  • Gottesman, I.I., & Shields, J. (1976). A critical review of recent adoption, twin, and family studies of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2(3), 360–401.
  • Hakko, H., Wahlberg, K.-E., Tienari, P., & Räsänen, S. (2011). Genetic vulnerability and premature death in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A 28-year follow-up of adoptees in the Finnish Adoptive Family Study of Schizophrenia. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 65(4), 259–265.
  • Hans, S.L., Auerbach, J.G., Styr, B., & Marcus, J. (2004). Offspring of parents with schizophrenia: Mental disorders during childhood and adolescence. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 30(2), 303–315.
  • Harrison, P.J., & Owen, M.J. (2003). Genes for schizophrenia? Recent findings and their pathophysiological implications. The Lancet, 361(9355), 417–419.
  • Hubbard, J., Realmuto, G.M., Northwood, A.K., & Masten, A.S. (1995). Comorbidity of psychiatric diagnoses with posttraumatic stress disorder in survivors of childhood trauma. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 34(9), 1167–1173.
  • Ingraham, L.J., Kugelmass, S., Frenkel, E., & Nathan, M. (1995). Twenty-five-year followup of the Israeli High-Risk Study. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21(2), 183–192.
  • Kang, S.S., Dionisio, D.P., & Sponheim, S.R. (2010). Abnormal mechanisms of antisaccade generation in schizophrenia patients and unaffected biological relatives of schizophrenia patients. Psychophysiology, 48(3), 350–361.
  • Kendler, K.S. (1987). The impact of diagnostic misclassification on the pattern of familial aggregation and coaggregation of psychiatric illness. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 21(1), 55–91.
  • Kendler, K.S., McGuire, M., Gruenberg, A.M., O’Hare, A., Spellman, M., & Walsh, D. (1993). The Roscommon Family Study: III. Schizophrenia-related personality disorders in relatives. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50(10), 781–788.
  • Kendler, Kenneth S., Prescott, C.A., Myers, J., & Neale, M.C. (2003). The structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for common psychiatric and substance use disorders in men and women. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60(9), 929–937.
  • Keshavan, M., Montrose, D.M., Rajarethinam, R., Diwadkar, V., Prasad, K., & Sweeney, J.A. (2008). Psychopathology among offspring of parents with schizophrenia: relationship to premorbid impairments. Schizophrenia Research, 103(1–3), 114–120.
  • Keshavan, M.S., Sujata, M., Mehra, A., Montrose, D.M., & Sweeney, J.A. (2003). Psychosis proneness and ADHD in young relatives of schizophrenia patients. Schizophrenia Research, 59(1), 85–92.
  • Kety, S.S., Rosenthal, D., Wender, P.H., Schulsinger, F., & Jacobsen, B. (1976). Mental illness in the biological and adoptive families of adopted individuals who have become schizophrenic. Behavior Genetics, 6(3), 219–225.
  • Larsson, H.J., Eaton, W.W., Madsen, K.M., Vestergaard, M., Olesen, A.V., Agerbo, E., .. & Mortensen, P.B. (2005). Risk factors for autism: perinatal factors, parental psychiatric history, and socioeconomic status. American Journal of Epidemiology, 161(10), 916–925.
  • Levinson, D.F. (2003). Molecular genetics of schizophrenia: A review of the recent literature. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 16(2), 157–170.
  • Lichtenstein, P., Yip, B.H., Björk, C., Pawitan, Y., Cannon, T.D., Sullivan, P.F., & Hultman, C.M. (2009). Common genetic determinants of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in Swedish families: A population-based study. Lancet, 373(9659), 234–239.
  • Low, N.C.P., Cui, L., & Merikangas, K.R. (2008). Specificity of familial transmission of anxiety and comorbid disorders. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 42(7), 596–604.
  • Lukens, E., & Thorning, H. (2010). Psychoeducational family groups. In A. Rubin, D.W. Springer, & K. Trawver ( Eds.), Psychosocial treatment of schizophrenia ( pp. 89–144). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Lyons, M.J., Huppert, J., Toomey, R., Harley, R., Goldberg, J., Eisen, S., … Tsuang, M.T. (2000). Lifetime prevalence of mod and anxiety disorders in twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia. Twin Research, 3(1), 28–32.
  • MacCabe, J.H. (2008). Population-based cohort studies on premorbid cognitive function in schizophrenia. Epidemiologic Reviews, 30(1), 77–83.
  • Maier, W., Lichtermann, D., Minges, J., & Hallmayer, J. (1993). Continuity and discontinuity of affective disorders and schizophrenia: Results of a controlled family study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50(11), 871–883.
  • Mortensen, P.B., Pedersen, M.G., & Pedersen, C.B. (2010). Psychiatric family history and schizophrenia risk in Denmark: Which mental disorders are relevant? Psychological Medicine, 12(2), 201–210.
  • Mulle, J.G. (2012). Schizophrenia genetics: Progress, at last. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, 22(3), 238–244.
  • Niemi, L.T., Suvisaari, J.M., Haukka, J.K., Wrede, G., & Lönnqvist, J.K. (2004). Cumulative incidence of mental disorders among offspring of mothers with psychotic disorder: Results form the Helsinki high-risk study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 185, 11–17.
  • O’Rourke, D.H., Gottesman, I.I., Suarez, B.K., Rice, J., & Reich, T. (1982). Refutation of the general single-locus model for the etiology of schizophrenia. American Journal of Human Genetics, 34(4), 630–649.
  • Owen, M.J., Williams, H.J., & O’Donovan, M.C. (2009). Schizophrenia genetics: Advancing on two fronts. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, 19(3), 266–270.
  • Parnas, J., Cannon, T.D., Jacobsen, B., Schulsinger, H., Schulsinger, F., & Mednick, S.A. (1993). Lifetime DSM-III-R diagnostic outcomes in the offspring of schizophrenic mothers. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50, 707–714.
  • Pilling, S., Bebbington, P., Kuipers, E., Garety, P., Geddes, J., Orbach, G., & Morgan, C. (2002). Psychological treatments in schizophrenia: I. Meta-analysis of family intervention and cognitive behaviour therapy. Psychological Medicine, 32(5), 763–782.
  • Pitschel-Walz, G., Leucht, S., Bäuml, J., Kissling, W., & Engel, R.R. (2001). The effect of family interventions on relapse and rehospitalization in schizophrenia—A meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 27(1), 73–92.
  • Poyurovsky, M., Kriss, V., Weisman, G., Faragian, S., Schneidman, M., Fuchs, C., … Weizman, R. (2005). Familial aggregation of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and obsessive-compulsive associated disorders in schizophrenia probands with and without OCD. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 133(1), 31–36.
  • Prasad, K.M., Sanders, R., Sweeney, J., Montrose, D., Diwadkar, V., Dworakowski, D., … Keshavan, M. (2009). Neurological abnormalities among offspring of persons with schizophrenia: Relation to premorbid psychopathology. Schizophrenia Research, 108(1–3), 163–169.
  • Read, J., Van Os, J., Morrison, A.P., & Ross, C.A. (2005). Childhood trauma, psychosis and schizophrenia: A literature review with theoretical and clinical implications. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 112, 330–350.
  • Ritsner, M.S., Ratner, Y., Gibel, A., & Weizman, R. (2007). Positive family history is associated with persistent elevated emotional distress in schizophrenia: Evidence from a 16-month follow-up study. Psychiatry Research, 153(3), 217–223.
  • Ross, R.G., & Compagnon, N. (2001). Diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders in children with a schizophrenic parent. Schizophrenia Research, 50, (1–2), 121–129.
  • Schubert, E.W., & McNeil, T.F. (2003). Prospective study of adult mental disturbance in offspring of women with psychosis. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60(5), 473–480.
  • Schwartz, S., Dohrenwend, B.P., & Levav, I. (1994). Nongenetic familial transmission of psychiatric disorders? Evidence from children of Holocaust survivors. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 35(4), 385–402.
  • Smith, M.J., Barch, D.M., Wolf, T.J., Mamah, D., & Csernansky, J.G. (2008). Elevated rates of substance use disorders in non-psychotic siblings of individuals with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 106 (2–3), 294–299.
  • Sullivan, P.F., Kendler, K.S., & Neale, M.C. (2003). Schizophrenia as a complex trait: evidence from a meta-analysis of twin studies. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60(12), 1187–1192.
  • Sullivan, P.F., Daly, M.J., & O’Donovan, M. (2012a). Genetic architectures of psychiatric disorders: The emerging picture and its implications. Nature Reviews Genetics, 13(8), 537–551.
  • Sullivan, P.F., Magnusson, C., Reichenberg, A., Boman, M., Dalman, C., Davidson, M., .. & Lichtenstein, P. (2012b). Family history of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder as risk factors for Autism. Archives of General Psychiatry, 69(11), 1099–1103.
  • Tienari, P., Wynne, L.C., Läksy, K., Moring, J., Nieminen, P., Sorri, A., … & Wahlberg, K.E. (2003). Genetic boundaries of the schizophrenia spectrum: Evidence from the Finnish Adoptive Family Study of Schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160(9), 1587–1594.
  • Tienari, P., Wynne, L.C., Moring, J., Läksy, K., Nieminen, P., Sorri, A., .. & Miettunen, J. (2000). Finnish adoptive family study: Sample selection and adoptee DSM-III-R diagnoses. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 101(6), 433–443.
  • Van Os, J., Rutten, B.P.F., & Poulton, R. (2008). Gene-environment interactions in schizophrenia: Review of epidemiological findings and future directions. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 34(6), 1066–1082.
  • Van Snellenberg, J.X., & De Candia, T. (2009). Meta-analytic evidence for familial coaggregation of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 66(7), 748–755.
  • Varghese, D., Scott, J., Welham, J., Bor, W., Najman, J., O’Callaghan, M., … McGrath, J. (2011). Psychotic-like experiences in major depression and anxiety disorders: a population-based survey in young adults. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 37(2), 389–393.
  • Wender, P.H. (1972). Adopted children and their families in the evaluation of nature-nurture interactions in the schizophrenic disorders. Annual Review of Medicine, 23(1), 355–372.
  • Weiser, M., Van Os, J., & Davidson, M. (2005). Time for a shift in focus in schizophrenia: From narrow phenotypes to broad endophenotypes. British Journal of Psychiatry, 187, 203–205.
  • Wickramaratne, P., Gameroff, M.J., Pilowsky, D.J., Hughes, C.W., Garber, J., Malloy, E., … Alpert, J.E. (2011). Children of depressed mothers 1 year after remission of maternal depression: findings from the STAR* D-Child study. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 168(6), 593–602.
  • Wigman, J.T.W., Van Nierop, M., Vollebergh, W.A.M., Lieb, R., Beesdo-Baum, K., Wittchen, H.-U., & Van Os, J. (2012). Evidence that psychotic symptoms are prevalent in disorders of anxiety and depression, impacting on illness onset, risk, and severity—Implications for diagnosis and ultra-high risk research. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 38(2), 247–257.
  • Zandi, P.P., Wilcox, H.C., Dong, L., Chon, S., & Maher, B. (2012). Genes as a source of risk for mental disorders. Public Mental Health, 201.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.