The effect of 900 MHz electromagnetic fields on biological pathways induced by electrochemotherapy.

References

• Akdag, M., S. Dasdag, F. Canturk, and M. Z. Akdag. 2018. Exposure to non-ionizing electromagnetic fields emitted from mobile phones induced DNA damage in human ear canal hair follicle cells. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 37:66–75. doi:10.1080/15368378.2018.1463246.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akdag, M. Z., S. Dasdag, E. Ulukaya, A. K. Uzunlar, M. A. Kurt, and A. Taşkın. 2010. Effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic field on caspase activities and oxidative stress values in rat brain. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 138:238–49. doi:10.1007/s12011-010-8615-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akdag, M. Z., S. Dasdag, F. Canturk, D. Karabulut, Y. Caner, and N. Adalier. 2016. Does prolonged radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-Fi devices induce DNA damage in various tissues of rats? J. Chem. Neuroanat. 75:116–22. doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2016.01.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belyaev, I. Y., I. M. Spivak, A. Kolman, and M. Harms-Ringdahl. 1996. Relationship between radiation induced adaptive response in human fibroblasts and changes in chromatin conformation. Mutat. Res. Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. 358:223–30. doi:10.1016/S0027-5107(96)00124-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron, I. L., M. S. Markov, and W. E. Hardman. 2014. Optimization of a therapeutic electromagnetic field (EMF) to retard breast cancer tumor growth and vascularity. Cancer Cell Int. 14:125. doi:10.1186/s12935-014-0125-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cemazar, M., C. Parkins, A. Holder, D. Chaplin, G. Tozer, and G. Sersa. 2001. Electroporation of human microvascular endothelial cells: Evidence for an anti-vascular mechanism of electrochemotherapy. Br. J. Cancer 84:565. doi:10.1054/bjoc.2000.1625.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasdag, S., M. Z. Akdag, E. Ulukaya, A. K. Uzunlar, and A. R. Ocak. 2009. Effect of mobile phone exposure on apoptotic glial cells and status of oxidative stress in rat brain. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 28:342–54. doi:10.3109/15368370903206556.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desai, N. R., K. K. Kesari, and A. Agarwal. 2009. Pathophysiology of cell phone radiation: Oxidative stress and carcinogenesis with focus on male reproductive system. Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol. 7:114. doi:10.1186/1477-7827-7-114.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diem, E., C. Schwarz, F. Adlkofer, O. Jahn, and H. Rüdiger. 2005. Non-thermal DNA breakage by mobile-phone radiation (1800 MHz) in human fibroblasts and in transformed GFSH-R17 rat granulosa cells in vitro. Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen. 583:178–83. doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2005.03.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dimova, E. G., P. E. Bryant, and S. G. Chankova. 2008. Adaptive response: Some underlying mechanisms and open questions. Genet. Mol. Biol. 31:396–408. doi:10.1590/S1415-47572008000300002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gandhi, G., G. Kaur, and U. Nisar. 2015. A cross-sectional case control study on genetic damage in individuals residing in the vicinity of a mobile phone base station. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 34:344–54. doi:10.3109/15368378.2014.933349.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomez, M. R., L. De la Pena, J. Pastor, M. M. Morillo, and L. Gil. 2001. 25 Hz electromagnetic field exposure has no effect on cell cycle distribution and apoptosis in U-937 and HCA-2/1cch cells. Bioelectrochemistry 53:137–40. doi:10.1016/S0302-4598(00)00119-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, B., J. Nie, Z. Zhou, J. Zhang, J. Tong, and Y. Cao. 2012. Adaptive response in mice exposed to 900 MHz radiofrequency fields: Primary DNA damage. PloS One 7:e32040. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032040.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joubert, V., P. Leveque, A. Rametti, A. Collin, S. Bourthoumieu, and C. Yardin. 2006. Microwave exposure of neuronal cells in vitro: Study of apoptosis. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 82:267–75. doi:10.1080/09553000600649232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joubert, V., S. Bourthoumieu, P. Leveque, and C. Yardin. 2008. Apoptosis is induced by radiofrequency fields through the caspase-independent mitochondrial pathway in cortical neurons. Radiat. Res. 169:38–45. doi:10.1667/RR1077.1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai, H., and N. P. Singh. 1997. Melatonin and a spin‐trap compound block radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation‐induced DNA strand breaks in rat brain cells. Bioelectromagnetics 18:446–54. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-186X(1997)18:6<446::AID-BEM7>3.0.CO;2-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai, H., and N. P. Singh. 2004. Magnetic-field-induced DNA strand breaks in brain cells of the rat. Environ. Health Perspect. 112:687–94. doi:10.1289/ehp.6355.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeBrun, A., N. Manuchehrabadi, A. Attaluri, F. Wang, R. Ma, and L. Zhu. 2013. MicroCT image-generated tumour geometry and SAR distribution for tumour temperature elevation simulations in magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia. Int. J. Hyperthermia 29:730–38. doi:10.3109/02656736.2013.836757.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Z., J. Jiang, Z. Wang, J. Zhang, M. Xiao, C. Wang, Y. Lu, Z. Qin. 2008. Endogenous interleukin-4 promotes tumor development by increasing tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. Cancer Res. 68:8687–94. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-0449.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luukkonen, J., P. Hakulinen, J. Mäki-Paakkanen, J. Juutilainen, and J. Naarala. 2009. Enhancement of chemically induced reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells by 872 MHz radiofrequency radiation. Mutat. Res. Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. 662:54–58. doi:10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2008.12.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mansourian, M., S. M. Firoozabadi, and H. Z. Mohammad. 2018. Effect of pulse-modulated gsm-900 mhz electromagnetic field on the electrochemotherapy efficacy of 4T-1 cells. Iran. J. Med. Phys. 15:264–70.
   Google Scholar
• Mansourian, M., S. M. Firoozabadi, Z. Mohammad Hassan, and Z. Shankayi. 2012. The effect of 217 Hz magnetic field of cell phone with different intensities on apoptosis of normal and cancerous cells treated with chemotherapy drug. Zahedan J. Res. Med. Sci. 14:29–33.
   Google Scholar
• Mansourian, M., S. M. P. Firoozabadi, Z. Shankayi, and Z. Hassan. 2013. Magnetic fields with frequency of 217 Hz can reduce cell apoptosis caused by electrochemotherapy. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 32:70–78. doi:10.3109/15368378.2012.708693.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, M., F. Crechet, B. Ramounet, and J. Lefaix. 1995. Activation of c-fos by low dose radiation: A mechanism of the adaptive response in skin cells. Radiat. Res. 141:118–19.
   Google Scholar
• Merola, P., C. Marino, G. Lovisolo, R. Pinto, C. Laconi, and A. Negroni. 2006. Proliferation and apoptosis in a neuroblastoma cell line exposed to 900 MHz modulated radiofrequency field. Bioelectromagnetics 27:164–71. doi:10.1002/bem.20201.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miklavčič, D., B. Mali, B. Kos, R. Heller, and G. Serša. 2014. Electrochemotherapy: From the drawing board into medical practice. Biomed. Eng. Online 13:29. doi:10.1186/1475-925X-13-29.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mir, L., O. Tounekti, and S. Orlowski. 1996. Bleomycin: Revival of an old drug. Gen. Pharmacol. 27:745–48. doi:10.1016/0306-3623(95)02101-9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Parkins, C., and D. Chaplin. 1999. Tumour blood flow changes induced by application of electric pulses. Eur. J. Cancer 35:672–77. doi:10.1016/S0959-8049(98)00426-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prevc, A., M. Niksic Zakelj, S. Kranjc, M. Cemazar, J. Scancar, T. Kosjek, P. Strojan, G. Sersa. 2018. Electrochemotherapy with cisplatin or bleomycin in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Improved effectiveness of cisplatin in HPV-positive tumors. Bioelectrochemistry 123:248–54. doi:10.1016/j.bioelechem.2018.06.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ren, H.-Y., Y.-H. Zhang, H.-Y. Li, T. Xie, -L.-L. Sun, T. Zhu, Z. M. Ye, Y.-H. Zhang. 2016. Prognostic role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha expression in osteosarcoma: A meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther. 9:1477–87. doi:10.2147/OTT.S95490.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rigaud, O., and E. Moustacchi. 1996. Radio adaptation for gene mutation and the possible molecular mechanisms of the adaptive response. Mutat. Res. Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. 358:127–34. doi:10.1016/S0027-5107(96)00113-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sannino, A., M. Sarti, S. B. Reddy, T. J. Prihoda, and M. R. Scarfì. 2009. Induction of adaptive response in human blood lymphocytes exposed to radiofrequency radiation. Radiat. Res. 171:735–42. doi:10.1667/RR1687.1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sersa, G., D. Miklavcic, M. Cemazar, Z. Rudolf, G. Pucihar, and M. Snoj. 2008. Electrochemotherapy in treatment of tumours. Eur. J. Surg. Oncol. 34:232–40. doi:10.1016/j.ejso.2007.05.016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shankayi, Z., S. Firoozabadi, and Z. S. Hassan. 2014. Optimization of electric pulse amplitude and frequency in vitro for low voltage and high frequency electrochemotherapy. J. Membr. Biol. 247:147–54. doi:10.1007/s00232-013-9617-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shankayi, Z., and S. M. P. Firoozabadi. 2011. Tumor growth inhibited by low-voltage amplitude and 5-kHz frequency electrochemotherapy. J. Membr. Biol. 244:121–28. doi:10.1007/s00232-011-9405-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vijayalaxmi, C. Y., and M. R. Scarfi. 2014. Adaptive response in mammalian cells exposed to non-ionizing radiofrequency fields: A review and gaps in knowledge. Mutat. Res. Rev. Mutat. Res 760:36–45. doi:10.1016/j.mrrev.2014.02.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yokus, B., M. Z. Akdag, S. Dasdag, D. Caki˙ R, and M. Ki˙ Zi˙ L. 2008. Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields cause oxidative DNA damage in rats. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 84:789–95. doi:10.1080/09553000802348203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar