REFERENCES
- Ramma , L. , Petersen , L. and Singh , S. 2011 . Vuvuzelas at South African soccer matches: Risks for spectators’ hearing . Noise Health , 13 ( 50 ) : 71 – 75 .
- Engard , D. J. , Sandfort , D. R. , Gotshall , R. W. and Brazile , W. J. 2010 . Noise exposure, characterization, and comparison of three football stadiums . J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. , 7 : 616 – 621 .
- Neitzel , R. , Seixas , N. , Olson , J. , Daniell , W. and Goldman , B. 2004 . Nonoccupational noise: Exposures associated with routine activities . J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , 115 : 237 – 245 .
- Jokitulppo , J. and Bjork , E. 2002 . Estimated leisure-time noise exposure and hearing symptoms in a Finnish urban adult population . Noise Health , 5 ( 17 ) : 53 – 62 .
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) . 1998 . Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Occupational Noise Exposure, revised criteria 1998 , Washington , D.C. : U.S. Department of Health and Human Services . DHHS (NIOSH) Pub. No. 98–126
- Jiang , T. 1997 . Risks of noise-induced hearing loss for physical education teachers . J. Occup. Environ. Med. , 39 ( 10 ) : 925 – 926 .
- Nigro , J. P. and Warrick , B. L. 1996 . Referee's ear . J. Occup. Environ. Med. , 38 : 329
- 2010 . “National Health Interview Survey- 2007.” . Available at ftp://ftp.cdc.gov/pub/Health_Statistics/NCHS/Survey_Questionnaires/NHIS/2007/English (accessed January 29
- Coren , S. and Hakstian , R. 1992 . The development and cross-validation of a self-report inventory to assess pure-tone threshold hearing sensitivity . J. Speech, Lang. Hearing Res. , 35 : 921 – 928 .
- Flamme , G. A. 2001 . Examination of the validity of auditory traits and tests . Trends Amplification , 5 ( 3 ) : 111 – 138 .
- Heeringa , S. G. , West , B. T. and Berglund , P. A. 2010 . Applied Survey Data Analysis , 25 – 27 . Boca Raton , Fla. : CRC Press .
- Kuhn , G. F. 1979 . The pressure transformation from a diffuse sound field to the external ear and to the body and head surface . J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , 65 ( 4 ) : 991 – 1000 .
- Flamme , G. A. , Stephenson , M. R. Deiters , K. 2012 . Typical noise exposure in daily life . Int. J. Audiol. , 51 : S3 – S11 .
- National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) . 2010 . Volleyball Rules Book , Indianapolis , Ind. : NFHS . 2010–2011
- National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) . 2008 . Basketball Rules Book , Indianapolis , Ind. : NFHS . 2008–2009
- National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) . 2007 . Lacrosse Rules Book , Indianapolis , Ind. : NFHS . 2008 Boys
- National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) . 2009 . Ice Hockey Rules Book , Indianapolis , Ind. : NGHS . 2009–2010
- National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) . 2009 . Wrestling Rules Book , Indianapolis , Ind. : NFHS . 2009–2010
- National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) . 2010 . Soccer Rules Book , Indianapolis , Ind. : NFHS . 2010–2011
- National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) . 2009 . Football Rules Book , Indianapolis , Ind. : NFHS . 2009
- Beranek , L. L. 1954 . Acoustics , New York : McGraw Hill .
- Rabinowitz , W. M. 1977 . Acoustic-Reflex Effects on the Input Admittance and Transfer Characteristics of the Human Middle Ear . Ph.D. diss., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Mass.
- Schairer , K. S. , Ellison , J. C. , Fitzpatrick , D. and Keefe , D. H. 2007 . Wideband ipsilateral measurements of middle-ear muscle reflex thresholds in children and adults . J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , 121 : 3607 – 3616 .
- Feeney , M. P. and Keefe , D. H. 1999 . Acoustic reflex detection using wide-band acoustic reflectance, admittance, and power measurements . J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. , 42 : 1029 – 1041 .
- American National Standards Institute (ANSI) . 1996 . Determination of Occupational Noise Exposure and Estimation of Noise-Induced Hearing Impairment (ANSI S3.44–1996) , Standard , New York : Acoustical Society of America .
- Meinke , D. K. , Finan , D. S. , Soendergaard , J. , Flamme , G. A. , Murphy , W. J. , Lankford , J. E. and Stewart , M. in press . Impulse Noise Generated by Starter Pistols . Int. J. Audiol. , 52