Advanced search
Publication Cover
Clinical Toxicology Volume 55, 2017 - Issue 1
Submit an article Journal homepage
1,097
Views
47
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Short Communication

Near death from a novel synthetic opioid labeled U-47700: emergence of a new opioid class

Aaron SchneirDivision of Medical Toxicology, University of California, San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA; ;Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA; Correspondence[email protected]
,
Imir G. MetushiDepartment of Pathology, Center for Advanced Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA
,
Christian SloaneDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA;
,
David J. BenaronDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA;
&
Robert L. FitzgeraldDepartment of Pathology, Center for Advanced Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA
Pages 51-54 | Received 13 Apr 2016, Accepted 01 Jul 2016, Published online: 22 Jul 2016

References

  • Pourmand A, Armstrong P, Mazer-Amirshahi M, et al. The evolving high: new designer drugs of abuse. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2014;33:993–999.
  • Zawilska JB, Andrzejczak D. Next generation of novel psychoactive substances on the horizon – a complex problem to face. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015;157:1–17.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC): World Drug Report 2015 [Internet]. [cited 2016 Jul 12]. Available from: https://www.unodc.org/documents/wdr2015/World_Drug_Report_2015.pdf.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Acetyl fentanyl overdose fatalities–Rhode Island, March–May 2013. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013;62:703–704.
  • Helander A, Bäckberg M, Beck O. MT-45, a new psychoactive substance associated with hearing loss and unconsciousness. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2014;52:901–904.
  • Lindeman E, Bäckberg M, Personne M, et al. MT-45–a dangerous and potentially ototoxic internet drug. Lakartidningen. 2014;111:1712–1715.
  • Bäckberg M, Beck O, Jönsson KH, et al. Opioid intoxications involving butyrfentanyl, 4-fluorobutyrfentanyl, and fentanyl from the Swedish STRIDA project. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2015;53:609–617.
  • Cole JB, Dunbar JF, McIntire SA, et al. Butyrfentanyl overdose resulting in diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. Pediatrics. 2015;135:e740–e743.
  • Siddiqi S, Verney C, Dargan P, et al. Understanding the availability, prevalence of use, desired effects, acute toxicity and dependence potential of the novel opioid MT-45. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2015;53:54–59.
  • Coopman V, Blanckaert P, Van Parys G, et al. A case of acute intoxication due to combined use of fentanyl and 3,4-dichloro-N-[2-(dimethylamino) cyclohexyl]-N-methylbenzamide (U-47700). Forensic Sci Int. 2016;266:68–72.
  • Elliott SP, Brandt SD, Smith C. The first reported fatality associated with the synthetic opioid 3,4-dichloro-N-[2-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]-N-methylbenzamide (U-47700) and implications for forensic analysis. Drug Test Anal. 2016; May 27. [Epub ahead of print].
  • Carroll FI, Lewin AH, Mascarella SW, et al. Designer drugs: a medicinal chemistry perspective. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2012;1248:18–38.
  • Chindarkar NS, Wakefield MR, Stone JA, et al. Liquid chromatography high resolution TOF analysis: investigation of MSE for broad-spectrum drug screening. Clin Chem. 2014;60:1115–1125.
  • Cheney BV, Szmuszkovicz J, Lahti RA, et al. Factors affecting binding of trans-N-[2-(methylamino)cyclohexyl]benzamides at the primary morphine receptor. J Med Chem. 1985;28:1853–1864.
  • Freeman JP, Michalson ET, D'Andrea SV, et al. Naphtho and benzo analogues of the kappa opioid agonist trans-(+/−)-3,4-dichloro-N-methyl-N-[2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl] benzeneacetamide. J Med Chem. 1991;34:1891–1896.
  • Szmuszkovicz J. U-50,488 and the kappa receptor: a personalized account covering the period 1973 to 1990. Prog Drug Res. 1999;52:167–195.
  • Rainey PM. Laboratory principles. In: Hoffman RS, Howland MA, et al. editors. Goldfrank’s toxicological emergencies. 10th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2015. p. 72.
  • Schneir A, Ly BT, Casagrande K, et al. Comprehensive analysis of “bath salts” purchased from California stores and the internet. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2014;52:651–658.
  • Katselou M, Papoutsis I, Nikolaou P, et al. AH-7921: the list of new psychoactive opioids is expanded. Forensic Toxicol. 2015;33:195–201.
  • European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. M EMCDDA-Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: AH-7921 3, 4-dichloro-N-{[1-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]methyl}benzamide [Internet]. 2014; [cited 2016 Jan]. Available from: http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/joint-report/AH-7921.
  • Uchiyama N, Matsuda S, Kawamura M, et al. Two new-type cannabimimetic quinolinyl carboxylates, QUPIC and QUCHIC, two new cannabimimetic carboxamide derivatives, ADB-FUBINACA and ADBICA, and five synthetic cannabinoids detected with a thiophene derivative α-PVT and an opioid receptor agonist AH-7921 identified in illegal products. Forensic Toxicol. 2013;31:223–240.
  • Karinen R, Tuv SS, Rogde S, et al. Lethal poisonings with AH-7921 in combination with other substances. Forensic Sci Int. 2014;244:e21–e24.
  • Kronstrand R, Thelander G, Lindstedt D, et al. Fatal intoxications associated with the designer opioid AH-7921. J Anal Toxicol. 2014;38:599–604.
  • Vorce SP, Knittel JL, Holler JM, et al. A fatality involving AH-7921. J Anal Toxicol. 2014;38:226–230.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.