46
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Western tourists’ adjustment to cultural expectations in Africa

ORCID Icon
Received 09 Aug 2023, Accepted 07 Mar 2024, Published online: 01 Apr 2024

References

  • Adam, I. (2023). Rational and moral antecedents of tourists’ intention to use reusable alternatives to single-use plastics. Journal of Travel Research, 62(5), 949–968. https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875221105860
  • Aleshinloye, K. D., Woosnam, K. M., Erul, E., Suess, C., Kong, I., & Boley, B. B. (2021). Which construct is better at explaining residents’ involvement in tourism; emotional solidarity or empowerment? Current Issues in Tourism, 24(23), 3372–3386. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1881051
  • Antón, C., Camarero, C., Laguna, M., & Buhalis, D. (2019). Impacts of authenticity, degree of adaptation and cultural contrast on travellers’ memorable gastronomy experiences. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 28(7), 743–764. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2019.1564106
  • Armenski, T., Dragičević, V., Pejović, L., Lukić, T., & Djurdjev, B. (2011). Interaction between tourists and residents: Influence on tourism development. Polish Sociological Review, 107–118.
  • Arowolo, D. (2010). The effects of western civilisation and culture on Africa. Afro Asian Journal of Social Sciences, 1(1), 1–13.
  • Asante, M. K. (2006). A discourse on black studies. Journal of Black Studies, 36(5), 646–662. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021934705285937
  • Auala, L. S. N., Van Zyl, S., & Ferreira, I. (2019). Township tourism as an agent for the socio-economic well-being of residents. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 8(2), 1–11.
  • Boswell, R., & O'Kane, D. (2011). Introduction: Heritage management and tourism in Africa. Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 29(4), 361–369. https://doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2011.600845
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  • Brookes, H. (2004). A repertoire of South African quotable gestures. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology, 14(2), 186–224. https://doi.org/10.1525/jlin.2004.14.2.186
  • Brown, L., & Osman, H. (2017). The female tourist experience in Egypt as an Islamic destination. Annals of Tourism Research, 63, 12–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2016.12.005
  • Chiangong, P. M. (2021). “Transgressing” Wisdom and elderhood in times of war? The shifting identity of the Elderly Queen in the performance of Women of Owu. In A.-M. Kohl (Ed.), Under construction: Performing critical identity (pp. 85–106). MDPI.
  • Croes, R., Lee, S. H., & Olson, E. D. (2013). Authenticity in tourism in small island destinations: A local perspective. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 11(1-2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2012.759584
  • Dailey-Strand, C., Collins, H., & Callaghan, D. (2021). ‘Those first few months were horrible’. Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education, 13(4), 73–84. https://doi.org/10.32674/jcihe.v13i4.3267
  • Dalton, J. T., & Leung, T. C. (2014). Why is polygyny more prevalent in Western Africa? An African slave trade perspective. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 62(4), 599–632. https://doi.org/10.1086/676531
  • Diop, F., & Merunka, D. (2013). African tradition and global consumer culture: Understanding attachment to traditional dress style in West Africa. International Business Research, 6(11), 1. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v6n11p1
  • Domenech Rodríguez, M. M., Baumann, A. A., & Schwartz, A. L. (2011). Cultural adaptation of an evidence based intervention: From theory to practice in a Latino/a community context. American Journal of Community Psychology, 47(1-2), 170–186. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-010-9371-4
  • Eltis, D. (2007). A brief overview of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade. Voyages: The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database, 1700–1810.
  • Engelbrecht, L. (2006). Cultural friendliness as a foundation for the support function in the supervision of social work students in South Africa. International Social Work, 49(2), 256–266. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020872806061240
  • Eusébio, C. A., & Carneiro, M. J. A. (2012). Determinants of tourist–host interactions: An analysis of the university student market. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 13(2), 123–151. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2012.645201
  • Francis, J. J., Johnston, M., Robertson, C., Glidewell, L., Entwistle, V., Eccles, M. P., & Grimshaw, J. M. (2010). What is an adequate sample size? Operationalising data saturation for theory-based interview studies. Psychology & Health, 25(10), 1229–1245. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870440903194015
  • Fraser, R. (2020). Cultural heritage, ethnic tourism, and minority-state relations amongst the Orochen in north-east China. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 26(2), 178–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2019.1620830
  • Galí, N., & Camprubí, R. (2020). Guiding: A comprehensive literature review. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 20(4), 317–334. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2020.1802774
  • Garrod, B., & Nicholls, S. (2022). British tourists’ adjustment to cultural expectations in Muslim-majority countries. Tourism Management, 91, 104500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2022.104500
  • Gathogo, J. M. (2008). Some expressions of African hospitality today. Scriptura: Journal for Contextual Hermeneutics in Southern Africa, 99(1), 275–287.
  • Ghaderi, Z., Hall, C. M., Scott, N., & Béal, L. (2020). Islamic beliefs and host-guest relationships in Iran. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 90, 102603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102603
  • Green, T. (2011). The rise of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade in Western Africa (Vol. 118, pp. 1300–1589). Cambridge University Press.
  • Greene, S. E. (2011). West African narratives of slavery: Texts from late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century. Indiana University Press.
  • Hammad, N. M., Ahmad, S. Z., & Papastathopoulos, A. (2017). Evaluating perceptions of residents’ towards impacts of tourism development in Emirates of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Tourism Review, 72(4), 448–461. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-03-2017-0046
  • Hansen, K. T., & Madison, D. S. (2013). African dress: Fashion, agency, performance. A&C Black.
  • Henderson, J. C. (2016). Muslim travellers, tourism industry responses and the case of Japan. Tourism Recreation Research, 41(3), 339–347. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2016.1215090
  • Hottola, P. (2004). Culture confusion. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(2), 447–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.01.003
  • Hsieh, H.-F., & Shannon, S. E. (2005). Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qualitative Health Research, 15(9), 1277–1288. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732305276687
  • Jamal, H. R., & Wok, S. (2020). Assessing cross-cultural adaptation of international students in IIUM. International Journal of Modern Trends in Social Sciences, 3(14), 47–63. https://doi.org/10.35631/IJMTSS.314004
  • Ketter, E., & Avraham, E. (2010). Online tourism marketing for Sub-saharan African countries: Battling stereotypes of high risk, hostility and underdevelopment. International Journal of Tourism Policy, 3(4), 318–331. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTP.2010.040391
  • Kwenaite, S., & Van Heerden, A. (2011). Dress and violence: Women should avoid dressing like” sluts” to avoid being raped. South African Journal of Art History, 26(1), 141–155.
  • Makino, M., Tsuboi, K., & Dennerstein, L. (2004). Prevalence of eating disorders: A comparison of western and non-western countries. Medscape General Medicine, 6(3), 49.
  • Matiza, T. (2021). Nation branding: The nation brand as a destination marketing axiom for African tourism. In New frontiers in hospitality and tourism management in Africa (pp. 107–123). Springer.
  • Mogaji, E. (2021). Africa is not a country: Rebranding and repositioning Africa as a continent. In Marketing brands in Africa: Perspectives on the evolution of branding in an emerging market (pp. 237–259). Springer.
  • Mokoena, L. G. (2020). Cultural tourism: Cultural presentation at the Basotho Cultural Village, Free State, South Africa. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 18(4), 470–490. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2019.1609488
  • Moufakkir, O. (2020). Experience of Arab/Muslim women visiting relatives in the West and the management of stigma by association. Tourism Management, 78, 104073. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.104073
  • Ngwira, C., Tse, S., & Vongvisitsin, T. (2020). Negotiation strategies and constraints for solo female travelers in Africa. Tourism Culture & Communication, 20(1), 35–47. https://doi.org/10.3727/109830420X15859302993081
  • Oguh, C. (2015). Representation of Africa in Western media: Still a 21st century problem. Unpublished PhD. Edinburgh Napier University.
  • Park, J. H. (2018). Cultural implications of international volunteer tourism: US students’ experiences in Cameroon. Tourism Geographies, 20(1), 144–162. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2017.1387810
  • Pearce, P. L. (2013). The relationship between residents and tourists: The research literature and management directions. Global Tourism, 146–166.
  • Poncian, J. (2015). The persistence of western negative perceptions about Africa: Factoring in the role of Africans. Journal of African Studies and Development, 7(3), 72–80.
  • Rasmi, S., Ng, S., Lee, J. A., & Soutar, G. N. (2014). Tourists’ strategies: An acculturation approach. Tourism Management, 40, 311–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.07.006
  • Salazar, N. B. (2012). Community-based cultural tourism: Issues, threats and opportunities. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20(1), 9–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2011.596279
  • Sanders, T. (2003). Reconsidering witchcraft: Postcolonial Africa and analytic (un)certainties. American Anthropologist, 105(2), 338–352. https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.2003.105.2.338
  • Scott, M. (2009). Marginalized, negative or trivial? Coverage of Africa in the UK press. Media, Culture & Society, 31(4), 533–557. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443709335179
  • Sedikides, C., Wildschut, T., Routledge, C., Arndt, J., & Zhou, X. (2013). Buffering acculturative stress and facilitating cultural adaptation: Nostalgia as a psychological resource. In Understanding culture (pp. 361–378). Psychology Press.
  • Snowball, J. D., & Antrobus, G. G. (2021). Festival value in multicultural contexts: City festivals in South Africa. Tourism Economics, 27(6), 1256–1275. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354816620932808
  • Stylidis, D. (2022). Exploring resident–tourist interaction and its impact on tourists’ destination image. Journal of Travel Research, 61(1), 186–201. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287520969861
  • Timothy, D. J. (2023). Cultural heritage and tourism in Africa. Taylor & Francis.
  • van Niekerk, M. (2016). Community perceptions on the impacts of art festivals on overall quality of life, A case study of the Innibos National Arts Festival, South Africa. In C. Newbold & J. Jordan (Eds.), Focus on World Festivals (pp. 132–145). Oxford: Goodfellow Publishers. https://doi.org/10.23912/978-1-910158-55-5-2982
  • Will, I. (2016). To what extent do African studies refocus our understanding of gestures? African studies. In N. Pawlak, R. Rubinkowska-Anioł, & I. Will (Eds.), Forging new perspectives and directions (pp. 183–198). ELIPSA.
  • Zaidan, E. (2016). The impact of cultural distance on local residents perception of tourism development: The case of Dubai in UAE. Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal, 64(1), 109–126.
  • Zhang, H., Cho, T., Wang, H., & Ge, Q. (2018). The influence of cross-cultural awareness and tourist experience on authenticity, tourist satisfaction and acculturation in World Cultural Heritage Sites of Korea. Sustainability, 10(4), 927. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10040927

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.