490
Views
12
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Primary plasma cell leukemia 2.0: advances in biology and clinical management

, , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 1063-1073 | Received 12 Aug 2016, Accepted 29 Sep 2016, Published online: 24 Oct 2016

References

  • van de Donk NW, Lokhorst HM, Anderson KC, et al. How I treat plasma cell leukemia. Blood. 2012;120:2376–2389.
  • Fernandez De Larrea C, Kyle RA, Durie BG, et al. Plasma cell leukemia: consensus statement on diagnostic requirements, response criteria and treatment recommendations by the International Myeloma Working Group. Leukemia. 2013;27:780–791.
  • Jelinek T, Kryukov F, Rihova L, et al. Plasma cell leukemia: from biology to treatment. Eur J Haematol. 2015;95:16–26.
  • Musto P, Simeon V, Todoerti K, et al. Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia: Identity Card 2016. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2016;17:19.
  • An G, Qin X, Acharya C, et al. Multiple myeloma patients with low proportion of circulating plasma cells had similar survival with primary plasma cell leukemia patients. Ann Hematol. 2015;94:257–264.
  • Gonsalves WI, Rajkumar SV, Gupta V, et al. Quantification of clonal circulating plasma cells in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: implications for redefining high-risk myeloma. Leukemia. 2014;28:2060–2065.
  • Gonsalves WI, Rajkumar SV, Go RS, et al. Trends in survival of patients with primary plasma cell leukemia: a population-based analysis. Blood. 2014;124:907–912.
  • Touzeau C, Moreau P. How I treat extramedullary myeloma. Blood. 2016;127:971–976.
  • Tiedemann RE, Gonzalez-Paz N, Kyle RA, et al. Genetic aberrations and survival in plasma cell leukemia. Leukemia. 2008;22:1044–1052.
  • Avet-Loiseau H, Roussel M, Campion L, et al. Cytogenetic and therapeutic characterization of primary plasma cell leukemia: the IFM experience. Leukemia. 2012;26:158–159.
  • Mosca L, Musto P, Todoerti K, et al. Genome-wide analysis of primary plasma cell leukemia identifies recurrent imbalances associated with changes in transcriptional profiles. Am J Hematol. 2013;88:16–23.
  • Simeon V, Todoerti K, La Rocca F, et al. Molecular Classification and Pharmacogenetics of Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia: An Initial Approach toward Precision Medicine. Int J Mol Sci. 2015;16:17514–17534.
  • Avet-Loiseau H, Daviet A, Brigaudeau C, et al. Cytogenetic, interphase, and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses in primary plasma cell leukemia: a study of 40 patients at diagnosis, on behalf of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome and the Groupe Francais de Cytogenetique Hematologique. Blood. 2001;97:822–825.
  • Chang H, Sloan S, Li D, et al. Genomic aberrations in plasma cell leukemia shown by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2005;156:150–153.
  • Chang H, Qi X, Yeung J, et al. Genetic aberrations including chromosome 1 abnormalities and clinical features of plasma cell leukemia. Leuk Res. 2009;33:259–262.
  • Chiecchio L, Dagrada GP, White HE, et al. Frequent upregulation of MYC in plasma cell leukemia. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2009;48:624–636.
  • Musto P. Progress in the treatment of primary plasma cell leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34:2082–2084.
  • Royer B, Minvielle S, Diouf M, et al. Bortezomib, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone induction followed by stem cell transplantation for primary plasma cell leukemia: a prospective phase II Study of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34:2125–2132.
  • Musto P, Simeon V, Martorelli MC, et al. Lenalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone for newly diagnosed primary plasma cell leukemia. Leukemia. 2014;28:222–225.
  • Lopez-Corral L, Sarasquete ME, Bea S, et al. SNP-based mapping arrays reveal high genomic complexity in monoclonal gammopathies, from MGUS to myeloma status. Leukemia. 2012;26:2521–2529.
  • Lionetti M, Barbieri M, Todoerti K, et al. Molecular spectrum of BRAF, NRAS and KRAS gene mutations in plasma cell dyscrasias: implication for MEK-ERK pathway activation. Oncotarget. 2015;6:24205–24217.
  • Shaughnessy JD Jr., Zhan F, Burington BE, et al. A validated gene expression model of high-risk multiple myeloma is defined by deregulated expression of genes mapping to chromosome 1. Blood. 2007;109:2276–2284.
  • Decaux O, Lode L, Magrangeas F, et al. Prediction of survival in multiple myeloma based on gene expression profiles reveals cell cycle and chromosomal instability signatures in high-risk patients and hyperdiploid signatures in low-risk patients: a study of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome. Journal of Clinical Oncology: Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 2008;26:4798–4805.
  • Zhan F, Barlogie B, Mulligan G, et al. High-risk myeloma: a gene expression based risk-stratification model for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma treated with high-dose therapy is predictive of outcome in relapsed disease treated with single-agent bortezomib or high-dose dexamethasone. Blood. 2008;111:968–969.
  • Dickens NJ, Walker BA, Leone PE, et al. Homozygous deletion mapping in myeloma samples identifies genes and an expression signature relevant to pathogenesis and outcome. Clin Cancer Res. 2010;16:1856–1864.
  • Lionetti M, Biasiolo M, Agnelli L, et al. Identification of microRNA expression patterns and definition of a microRNA/mRNA regulatory network in distinct molecular groups of multiple myeloma. Blood. 2009;114:e20–6.
  • Wu P, Agnelli L, Walker BA, et al. Improved risk stratification in myeloma using a microRNA-based classifier. Br J Haematol. 2013;162:348–359.
  • Todoerti K, Agnelli L, Fabris S, et al. Transcriptional characterization of a prospective series of primary plasma cell leukemia revealed signatures associated with tumor progression and poorer outcome. Clin Cancer Res. 2013;19:3247–3258.
  • Lionetti M, Musto P, Di Martino MT, et al. Biological and clinical relevance of miRNA expression signatures in primary plasma cell leukemia. Clin Cancer Res. 2013;19:3130–3142.
  • Ronchetti D, Agnelli L, Taiana E, et al. Distinct lncRNA transcriptional fingerprints characterize progressive stages of multiple myeloma. Oncotarget. 2016;7:14814–14830.
  • Usmani SZ, Nair B, Qu P, et al. Primary plasma cell leukemia: clinical and laboratory presentation, gene-expression profiling and clinical outcome with total therapy protocols. Leukemia. 2012;26:2398–2405.
  • Bolli N, Avet-Loiseau H, Wedge DC, et al. Heterogeneity of genomic evolution and mutational profiles in multiple myeloma. Nat Commun. 2014;5:2997.
  • Lohr JG, Stojanov P, Carter SL, et al. Widespread genetic heterogeneity in multiple myeloma: implications for targeted therapy. Cancer Cell. 2014;25:91–101.
  • Chapman MA, Lawrence MS, Keats JJ, et al. Initial genome sequencing and analysis of multiple myeloma. Nature. 2011;471:467–472.
  • Walker BA, Wardell CP, Melchor L, et al. Intraclonal heterogeneity and distinct molecular mechanisms characterize the development of t(4;14) and t(11;14) myeloma. Blood. 2012;120:1077–1086.
  • Cifola I, Lionetti M, Pinatel E, et al. Whole-exome sequencing of primary plasma cell leukemia discloses heterogeneous mutational patterns. Oncotarget. 2015;6:17543–17558.
  • Lionetti M, Barbieri M, Manzoni M, et al. Molecular spectrum of TP53 mutations in plasma cell dyscrasias by next generation sequencing: an Italian cohort study and overview of the literature. Oncotarget. 2016;7:21353–21361.
  • Fonseca R, Bergsagel PL, Drach J, et al. International Myeloma Working Group molecular classification of multiple myeloma: spotlight review. Leukemia. 2009;23:2210–2221.
  • Weissbach S, Langer C, Puppe B, et al. The molecular spectrum and clinical impact of DIS3 mutations in multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol. 2015;169:57–70.
  • Lionetti M, Barbieri M, Todoerti K, et al. A compendium of DIS3 mutations and associated transcriptional signatures in plasma cell dyscrasias. Oncotarget. 2015;6:26129–26141.
  • Tomecki R, Drazkowska K, Kucinski I, et al. Multiple myeloma-associated hDIS3 mutations cause perturbations in cellular RNA metabolism and suggest hDIS3 PIN domain as a potential drug target. Nucleic Acids Res. 2014;42:1270–1290.
  • Loreni F, Mancino M, Biffo S. Translation factors and ribosomal proteins control tumor onset and progression: how? Oncogene. 2014;33:2145–2156.
  • Barbieri M, Manzoni M, Fabris S, et al. Compendium of FAM46C gene mutations in plasma cell dyscrasias. Br J Haematol. 2015;174:642–645.
  • Gluzinski ARM. Myeloma und leucaemia lymphatica plasmocellularis. [Myeloma and plasma cell leukemia]. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1906;12:336–339.
  • Kumar SK, Rajkumar SV, Dispenzieri A, et al. Improved survival in multiple myeloma and the impact of novel therapies. Blood. 2008;111:2516–2520.
  • Kumar SK, Dispenzieri A, Lacy MQ, et al. Continued improvement in survival in multiple myeloma: changes in early mortality and outcomes in older patients. Leukemia. 2014;28:1122–1128.
  • Petrucci MT, Martini V, Levi A, et al. Thalidomide does not modify the prognosis of plasma cell leukemia patients: experience of a single center. Leukemia & Lymphoma. 2007;48:180–182.
  • Benson DM Jr., Smith MK. Effectiveness of lenalidomide (Revlimid) for the treatment of plasma cell leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma. 2007;48:1423–1425.
  • Musto P, Pietrantuono G, Guariglia R, et al. Salvage therapy with lenalidomide and dexamethasone in relapsed primary plasma cell leukemia. Leuk Res. 2008;32:1637–1638.
  • Guglielmelli T, Merlini R, Giugliano E, et al. Lenalidomide, melphalan, and prednisone association is an effective salvage therapy in relapsed plasma cell leukaemia. J Oncol. 2009;2009:867380.
  • Sher T, Miller KC, Deeb G, et al. Plasma cell leukaemia and other aggressive plasma cell malignancies. Br J Haematol. 2010;150:418–427.
  • Musto P, Rossini F, Gay F, et al. Efficacy and safety of bortezomib in patients with plasma cell leukemia. Cancer. 2007;109:2285–2290.
  • Pagano L, Valentini CG, De Stefano V, et al. Primary plasma cell leukemia: a retrospective multicenter study of 73 patients. Ann Oncol. 2011;22:1628–1635.
  • D’Arena G, Valentini CG, Pietrantuono G, et al. Frontline chemotherapy with bortezomib-containing combinations improves response rate and survival in primary plasma cell leukemia: a retrospective study from GIMEMA multiple myeloma working party. Annal Oncol. 2012;23:1499–1502.
  • Katodritou E, Terpos E, Kelaidi C, et al. Treatment with bortezomib-based regimens improves overall response and predicts for survival in patients with primary or secondary plasma cell leukemia: analysis of the Greek myeloma study group. Am J Hematol. 2014;89:145–150.
  • Lebovic D, Zhang L, Alsina M, et al. Clinical outcomes of patients with plasma cell leukemia in the era of novel therapies and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation strategies: a single-institution experience. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2011;11:507–511.
  • Talamo G, Dolloff NG, Sharma K, et al. Clinical features and outcomes of plasma cell leukemia: a single-institution experience in the era of novel agents. Rare Tumors. 2012;4:e39.
  • Iriuchishima H, Ozaki S, Konishi J, et al. Primary plasma cell leukemia in the era of novel agents: a multicenter study of the Japanese Society of Myeloma. Acta Haematologica. 2016;135:113–121.
  • Gozzetti A, Musto P, Defina M, et al. Efficacy of bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (VRD) in secondary plasma cell leukaemia. Br J Haematol. 2012;157:497–498.
  • Ueda S, Kubo M, Matsuura N, et al. Stringent complete remission of primary plasma cell leukemia with reduced-dose bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone: a case report and review of the literature. Intern Med. 2013;52:1235–1238.
  • Jimenez-Zepeda VH, Reece DE, Trudel S, et al. Lenalidomide (Revlimid), bortezomib (Velcade) and dexamethasone for the treatment of secondary plasma cell leukemia. Leukemia & Lymphoma. 2015;56:232–235.
  • Tamura S, Koyama A, Shiotani C, et al. Successful bortezomib/dexamethasone induction therapy with lenalidomide in an elderly patient with primary plasma cell leukemia complicated by renal failure and pulmonary hypertension. Intern Med. 2014;53:1171–1175.
  • Morris C, Iacobelli, S., Gahrton G et al. Has allogeneic transplantation a role in the management of plasma cell leukaemia? A study on behalf of the myeloma subcomittee of the chronic leukaemia working party of the EBMT. Abstract 2008. [cited 2011 Dec 10–13]. Available from: https://ash.confex.com/ash/2011/webprogram/Paper43375.html ASH 53th Annual Meeting.
  • Drake MB, Iacobelli S, Van Biezen A, et al. Primary plasma cell leukemia and autologous stem cell transplantation. Haematologica. 2010;95:804–809.
  • Mahindra A, Kalaycio ME, Vela-Ojeda J, et al. Hematopoietic cell transplantation for primary plasma cell leukemia: results from the center for international blood and marrow transplant research. Leukemia. 2012;26:1091–1097.
  • Nishihori T, Abu Kar SM, Baz R, et al. Therapeutic advances in the treatment of primary plasma cell leukemia: a focus on hematopoietic cell transplantation. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation: Journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. 2013;19:1144–1151.
  • Saccaro S, Fonseca R, Veillon DM, et al. Primary plasma cell leukemia: report of 17 new cases treated with autologous or allogeneic stem-cell transplantation and review of the literature. Am J Hematol. 2005;78:288–294.
  • Landsburg DJ, Vogl DT, Plastaras JP, et al. Melphalan/total body irradiation-conditioned myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for patients with primary plasma cell leukemia. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2014;14:e225–8.
  • Stewart AK, Rajkumar SV, Dimopoulos MA, et al. Carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone for relapsed multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:142–152.
  • Van De Donk NW, Moreau P, Plesner T, et al. Clinical efficacy and management of monoclonal antibodies targeting CD38 and SLAMF7 in multiple myeloma. Blood. 2016;127:681–695.
  • Atanackovic D, Radhakrishnan SV, Bhardwaj N, et al. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy for multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol. 2016;172:685–698.
  • Kumar S, Ravi V, Kaufman J et al. Phase I interim safety and efficacy of venetoclax (ABT-199/GDC-0199) monotherapy for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Abstract 8576. 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting. 2015 May-June, 29-2.
  • Touzeau C Chanan-Khan A, Roberts AW et al. Phase 1b interim results: venetoclax (ABT-199/GDC-0199) in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Abstract 8580. 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting. 2015 May-June, 29-2.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.