Sexuality and childbearing as it is experienced by women living with HIV in Sweden: a lifeworld phenomenological study

References

• Adam, B., Elliott, R., Corriveau, P., & English, K. (2014). Impacts of criminalization on the everyday lives of people living with HIV in Canada. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 11, 39–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albert, J., Berglund, T., Gisslén, M., Gröön, P., Sönnerborg, A., Tegnell, A., … Widgren, K. (2014). Risk of HIV transmission from patients on antiretroviral therapy: A position statement from the public health agency of Sweden and the Swedish reference group for antiviral therapy. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 46(10), 673–677.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Attia, S., Egger, M., Müller, M., Zwahlen, M., & Low, N. (2009). Sexual transmission of HIV according to viral load and antiretroviral therapy: Systematic review and meta-analysis. AIDS, 23(11), 1397–1404.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berg, M., & Hotikasalo, M., . L. (2000). Pregnancy and diabetes - a hermeneutic phenomenological study of women’s experiences. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology, 21, 39–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bharat, S., & Mahendra, V. S. (2007). Meeting the sexual and reproductive health needs of people living with HIV: Challenges for health care providers. Reproductive Health Matters, 15(29), 93–112.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bova, C., & Durante, A. (2003). Sexual functioning among HIV-infected women. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 17(2), 75–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlsson-Lalloo, E., Rusner, M., Mellgren, Å., & Berg, M. (2016). Sexuality and reproduction in HIV-positive women: A meta-synthesis. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 30, 56–69.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter, A., Greene, S., Money, D., Sanchez, M., Webster, K., Nicholson, V., … Kaida, C. (2017a). The problematization of sexuality among women living with hiv and a new feminist approach for understanding and enhancing women’s sexual lives. Sex Roles, 77(11), 779–800.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter, A., Loutfy, M., De Pokomandy, A., Colley, G., Zhang, W., Sereda, P., … Kaida, A. & on behalf of the CHIWOS Research Team.  (2017b). Health-related quality-of-life and receipt of women-centered HIV care among women living with HIV in Canada. In Women & Health (pp. 1–21).
   Google Scholar
• Carter, M. W., Kraft, J. M., Hatfield-Timajchy, K., Snead, M. C., Ozeryansky, L., Fasula, A. M., … Kourtis, A. P. (2013). The reproductive health behaviors of HIV-infected young women in the USA: A literature review. AIDS Patient Care and STDS, 27(12), 669–680.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, M. C., Ying, Q. C., McCauley, M., Gamble, T., Hosseinipour, M. C., Kumarasamy, N., … Nielsen-Saines, K. (2011). Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy. The New England Journal of Medicine, 365(6), 493–505.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craft, S., Delaney, R., Bautista, D., & Serovich, J. (2007). Pregnancy decisions among women with HIV. AIDS and Behavior, 11(6), 927–935.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cuca, Y. P., & Rose, C. D. (2016). Social stigma and childbearing for women living with HIV/AIDS. Qualitative Health Research, 26(11), 1508–1518.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahlberg, H., & Dahlberg, K. (2003). To not make definite what is definite: A phenomenological analysis of perception and its epistemological consequences in human science research. Journal of Humanistic Psychologist, 31(4), 34–50.
   Google Scholar
• Dahlberg, K., Dahlberg, H., & Nyström, P. M. (2008). Reflective Lifeworld Research. Lund: Studentlitteratur.
   Google Scholar
• De Cock, K., Fowler, M., Mercier, E., De Vincenzi, I., Saba, J., Hoff, E., … Shaffer, N. (2000). Prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in resource-poor countries: Translating research into policy and practice. JAMA, 283(9), 1175–1182.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drake, A., Wagner, A., Richardson, B., John-Stewart, G., & Mofenson, L. (2014). incident hiv during pregnancy and postpartum and risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission: A systematic review and meta-analysis.. PLoS Medicine, 11(2). doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001608
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finocchario-Kessler, S., Mabachi, N., Dariotis, J., Anderson, J., Goggin, K., & Sweat, M. (2012). “We weren’t using condoms because we were trying to conceive”: The need for reproductive counseling for HIV-positive women in clinical care. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 26(11), 700–707.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Florence, E., Schrooten, W., Dreezen, C., Gordillo, V., Schönnesson, L., & Nilsson, A. D., The Eurosupport Study Group. (2004). Prevalence and factors associated with sexual dysfunction among HIV-positive women in Europe. AIDS Care, 16(5), 550–557.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Florom‐Smith, A., & De Santis, J. (2012). Exploring the concept of HIV‐related stigma. Nursing Forum, 47(3), 153–165.
   Google Scholar
• Goffman, E. (1990). Stigma: Notes on the management of spoiled identity. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
   Google Scholar
• Greene, S., Ion, A., Kwaramba, G., Smith, S., & Loutfy, M. R. (2015). “Why are you pregnant? What were you thinking?”: How women navigate experiences of HIV-related stigma in medical settings during pregnancy and birth. In Social Work in Health Care, 55(2), 1-20.
   Google Scholar
• Grodensky, C. A., Golin, C. E., Jones, C., Mamo, M., Dennis, A. C., Abernethy, M. G., & Patterson, K. B. (2015). “I should know better”: The roles of relationships, spirituality, disclosure, stigma, and shame for older women living with HIV seeking support in the South. Journal of the Association of Nurses in Aids Care, 26(1), 12–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, I. E., Plantin, L., & Tornberg, J. (2017). Hiv-kunskaper och attityder inom primärvården [HIV: Knowledge and Attitudes in Primary Care]. FoUrapport, 2.Retrieved 2018 February 6 from http://muep.mau.se/bitstream/handle/2043/22439/FoU%202017.2.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y.
   Google Scholar
• Hasse, B., Ledergerber, B., Hirschel, B., Vernazza, P., Glass, T. R., Jeannin, A., … Weber, R. (2010). Frequency and determinants of unprotected sex among HIV-infected persons: The Swiss HIV cohort study. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 51(11), 1314–1322.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hira, S. K., Mangrola, U. G., Mwale, C., Chintu, C., Tembo, G., Brady, W. E., & Perine, P. L. (1990). Apparent vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by breast-feeding in Zambia. The Journal of Pediatrics, 117(3), 421–427.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho, L. P., Goh, E., & L., C. (2017). How HIV patients construct liveable identities in a shame based culture: The case of Singapore. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 12, 1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphrey, J. H., Marinda, E., Mutasa, K., Moulton, L. H., Iliff, P. J., Ntozini, R., … Ward, B. J. (2010). Mother to child transmission of HIV among Zimbabwean women who seroconverted postnatally:British Medical Journal, 342(7787), 37.
   Google Scholar
• Husserl, E. (1977). Cartesian meditations (Trans. D. Cairns). The Hague, The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff. (Original work published in 1929)
   Google Scholar
• InfCare HIV. (2016). Årsrapport 2016. [Year Report 2016] Retrieved 2018 February 6 from http://infcare.com/hiv/sv/resultat/2016-arsrapport/
   Google Scholar
• Jones, D., Chakhtoura, N., & Cook, R. (2013). Reproductive and maternal healthcare needs of HIV infected women. Current HIV/AIDS Reports, 10(4), 333–341.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, D. L., Cook, R., Potter, J. E., Miron-Shatz, T., Chakhtoura, N., Spence, A., & Byrne, M. M. (2016). Fertility desires among women living with HIV.
   Google Scholar
• Kaida, A., Carter, A., De Pokomandy, A., Patterson, S., Proulx‐Boucher, K., Nohpal, A., … Loutfy, M. (2015). Sexual inactivity and sexual satisfaction among women living with HIV in Canada in the context of growing social, legal and public health surveillance. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 18(5S). doi:10.7448/IAS.18.6.20284
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirshenbaum, S., Hirky, A., Correale, J., Goldstein, R., Johnson, M., Rotheram-Borus, M., & Ehrhardt, A. (2004). “Throwing the dice”: Pregnancy decision-making among HIV-positive women in four U.S. cities. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 36(3), 106–113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klaeson, K., & Berterö, C. (2008). Sexual identity following breast cancer treatments in premenopausal women. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 3(3), 185–192.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar, S., Gruskin, S., Khosla, R., & Narasimhan, M. (2015). Human rights and the sexual and reproductive health of women living with HIV – A literature review. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 18(5S). doi:10.7448/IAS.18.6.20290
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, M., Murray, J., K., J., Suwanteerangkul, J., & Wiwatanadate, P. (2014). Stigma, social support, and treatment adherence among HIV-positive patients in Chiang Mai, Thailand. AIDS Education and Prevention, 26(5), 471–483.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindberg, E., Österberg, S., . A., & Höreberg, Ö. (2016). Methodological support for the further abstraction of and philosophical examination of empirical findings in the context of caring science. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 11, 30482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loutfy, M., Wu, W., Letchumanan, M., Bondy, L., Antoniou, T., Margolese, S., … Rochon, P. (2013). Systematic review of HIV transmission between heterosexual serodiscordant couples where the HIV-positive partner is fully suppressed on antiretroviral therapy.
   Google Scholar
• Mandelbrot, L., Tubiana, R., Le Chenadec, J., Dollfus, C., Faye, A., Pannier, E., … Runel-Belliard, C. (2015). No perinatal HIV-1 transmission from women with effective antiretroviral therapy starting before conception. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 61(11), 1715–1725.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marrone, G. Mellgren, Å., Eriksson, L., Svedhem, V., & De Socio, G. (2016). High concordance between self-reported adherence, treatment outcome and satisfaction with care using a nine-item health questionnaire in InfCareHIV. PLoS ONE, 11(6). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0156916
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mcgrath, J., Winchester, M., Kaawa-Mafigiri, D., Walakira, E., Namutiibwa, F., Birungi, J., … Rwabukwali, C. (2014, 17 March 2014). Challenging the paradigm: anthropological perspectives on HIV as a chronic disease. Medical Anthropology. doi:10.1080/01459740.2014.892483
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merleau-Ponty, M. (2012). Phenomenology of perception (Trans. D. A. Landes). London: Routledge. (Original work published in 1945)
   Google Scholar
• Nakagawa, F., Lodwick, R. K., Smith, C. J., Smith, R., Cambiano, V., Lundgren, J. D., … Phillips, A. N. (2012). Projected life expectancy of people with HIV according to timing of diagnosis. AIDS, 26(3), 335–343.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norwald, K., Holmström, C., & Plantin, L. (2017). HIV and sexuality: Perceptions and experiences of sexuality among women who live with HIV in Sweden. Journal of AIDS Clinical Research and STDs, 4, 012.
   Google Scholar
• Okuno, M. F. P., Gosuen, G. C., Campanharo, C. R. V., Fram, D. S., Batista, R. E. A., & Belasco, A. G. S. (2015). Quality of life, socioeconomic profile, knowledge and attitude toward sexuality from the perspectives of individuals living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Revista Latino-Americana De Enfermagem, 23, 192–199.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patterson, S., Carter, A., Nicholson, V., Webster, K., Ding, E., Kestler, M., … Kaida, A. (2017). Condomless sex among virally suppressed women with hiv with regular HIV-serodiscordant sexual partners in the era of treatment as prevention. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 76(4), 372–381.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• QSR International Pty Ltd. (2016) NVivo. Retrived 2018 February 6 from http://www.qsrinternational.com/
   Google Scholar
• Rahangdale, D., Lisa, S., Amanda, E., Stewart, B., Robert, B., Martina, L., … Deborah, S. (2014). Pregnancy intentions among women living with HIV in the USA. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 65(3), 306–311.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reinius, M. (2018). HIV-related stigma in the era of efficient treatment: Conceptualization, measurement and relations to health-related quality of life. Thesis.
   Google Scholar
• Rodger, A. J., Cambiano, V., Bruun, T., Vernazza, P., Collins, S., Van Lunzen, J., … Lundgren, J. (2016). Sexual activity without condoms and risk of HIV transmission in serodifferent couples when the HIV-positive partner is using suppressive antiretroviral therapy. JAMA, 316(2), 171–181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saleem, H., Surkan, P., Kerrigan, D., & Kennedy, C. (2016). Childbearing experiences following an HIV diagnosis in Iringa, Tanzania. Qualitative Health Research, 26(11), 1473–1482.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandelowski, M., & Barroso, J. (2003). Motherhood in the context of maternal HIV infection. Research in Nursing & Health, 26(6), 470–482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanders, L., . B. (2008). Women’s voices: The lived experience of pregnancy and motherhood after diagnosis with HIV. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 19(1), 47–57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunamäki, N., & Engström, M. (2014). Registered nurses’ reflections on discussing sexuality with patients: Responsibilities, doubts and fears. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 23(3–4), 531–540.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schönnesson, L., Zeluf, G., Garcia-Huidobro, D., Ross, M., Eriksson, L., & Ekström, A. (2018, 13 February 2018). Sexual (Dis) satisfaction and its contributors among people living with HIV infection in Sweden. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-017-1106-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shapiro, K., & Ray, S. (2007). Sexual health for people living with HIV. Reproductive Health Matters, 15, 67–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegel, K., Schrimshaw, E., & Lekas, H.-M. (2006). Diminished sexual activity, interest, and feelings of attractiveness among HIV-infected women in two eras of the AIDS epidemic. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 35(4), 437–449.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SMI. (2012).HIV i Sverige. Kunskaper, attityder och beteenden hos allmänheten 1987–2011 [HIV in Sweden. Knowledge, attitudes and behavior of the public 1987–2011]. Retrieved 2018 February 6 from https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/publicerat-material/publikationsarkiv/h/hiv-i-sverige-kunskaper-attityder-och-beteenden-hos-allmanheten-19872011/
   Google Scholar
• SMI. (2013). Smittsamhet vid behandlad hivinfektion. Kunskapsunderlag från Smittskyddsinstitutet och referensgruppen för Antiviral terapi [Infectiousness in treated HIV infection. Knowledge base from the Institute for Infectious Disease and the Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy] (RAV). Retrived 2018 February 6 from http://www.sls.se/rav/
   Google Scholar
• Statistics (2018). Population statistics. Retrieved 2018 February 6 from http://www.scb.se/en/finding-statistics/statistics-by-subject-area/population/population-composition/population-statistics/
   Google Scholar
• Sveriges Riksdag [The Swedish Parliament]. (2004). Communicable Diseases Act: 2004: 168. Sweden
   Google Scholar
• Teti, M., Bowleg, L., & Lloyd, L. (2010). “Pain on top of pain, hurtness on top of hurtness”: Social discrimination, psychological well-being, and sexual risk among women living with HIV/AIDS. International Journal of Sexual Health, 22(4), 205–218.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Public Health Agency of Sweden. (2015). Att leva med hiv i Sverige - En studie om livskvalitet hos personer som lever med hiv. Halmstad: [Living with HIV in Sweden - A study on quality of life in people living with HIV].Retrieved 2018 February 6 from https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/contentassets/bf0e69d28d714840a5e508f935d9956d/att-leva-hiv-sverige-studie-livskvalitet-16031-webb.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• The Swedish Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy (RAV). (2017). Profylax och behandling av hivinfektion vid graviditet, 2017 [Prophylaxis and treatment in pregnancy in HIV-infection, 2017]. Retrieved 2018 February 6 from http://www.sls.se/rav/rekommendationer/hiv/Profylax-och-behandling-av-hivinfektion-vid-graviditet-2017/
   Google Scholar
• Todres, L., Galvin, K., & Dahlberg, K. (2007). Lifeworld-led healthcare: Revisiting a humanising philosophy that integrates emerging trends. Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy, 10(1), 53–63.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tyer‐Viola, L. A., & Lopez, R. P. (2014). Pregnancy with chronic illness. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing, 43(1), 25–37.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNAIDS. (2012). Criminalisation of HIV non-disclosure, exposure and transmission: Scientific, medical, legal and human rights issues. Background Paper. February 2012. Revised Version. Geneva:Author.
   Google Scholar
• UNAIDS. (2013). Ending overly broad criminalization of HIV non-disclosure, exposure and transmission: Crtical scientific, medical and legal considerations. Geneva: Author.
   Google Scholar
• UNAIDS. (2015). UNAIDS Terminology Guidelines – 2015. Retrived 2018 April 23 from http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2015/2015_terminology_guidelines
   Google Scholar
• UNAIDS. (2017). AIDS Data. Retrieved 2018 February 6 from http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2017/AIDSdata2016
   Google Scholar
• Van Sighem, A., Gras, L., Reiss, P., Brinkman, K., & De Wolf, F. (2010). Life expectancy of recently diagnosed asymptomatic HIV-infected patients approaches that of uninfected individuals. AIDS, 24(10), 1527–1535.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vernazza, P., Hirschel, B., Bernasconi, E., & Flepp, M. (2008). HIV-infizierte menschen ohne andere STD sind unter wirksamer antiretroviraler therapie sexuell nicht infektiös [HIV-infected people free of other STDs are sexually not infectious on effective antiretroviral therapy]. Schweizerische Ärztezeitung, 89, 165–169.
   Google Scholar
• Wawer, M. J., Gray, R. H., Sewankambo, N. K., Serwadda, D., Li, X., Laeyendecker, O., … Quinn, T. C. (2005). Rates of HIV-1 transmission per coital act, by stage of HIV-1 infection, in Rakai, Uganda. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 191(9), 1403–1409.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wessman, M., Aho, I., Thorsteinsson, K., Storgaard, M., Johansen, I., Lunding, S., … Weis, N. (2015). Perception of sexuality and fertility in women living with HIV: A questionnaire study from two Nordic countries. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 18(1), 19962.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. (2013). Defining Sexual Health. Retrieved 2018 February 6 from http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/sexual_health/sh_definitions/en/
   Google Scholar
• WHO. (2016). HIV/AIDS Fact sheet. Retrieved 2018 February 6 from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs360/en/
   Google Scholar
• Wingood, G. M., DiClemente, R. J., Mikhail, I., McCree, D. H., Davies, S. L., Hardin, J. W., … Saag, M. (2007). HIV discrimination and the health of women living with HIV. Women and Health, 46(2–3), 99–112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Medical Association. (2013). Declaration of helsinki – ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Retrieved 2018 February 6 from https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/
   Google Scholar