The long-term effects of conductive education courses in young children with cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial

References

• Rosenbaum P, Paneth N, Leviton A, Goldstein M, Bax M, Damiano D, Dan B, Jacobsson B. A report: the definition and classification of cerebral palsy April 2006. Dev Med Neurol. 2007;109:8–14.
   Google Scholar
• Novak I, McIntyre S, Morgan C, Campbell L, Dark L, Morton N, Stumbles E, Wilson SA, Goldsmith S. A systematic review of interventions for children with cerebral palsy: state of the evidence. Dev Med Neurol. 2013;55:885–910. doi:10.1111/dmcn.12246.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myrhaug HT, Østensjø S, Larun L, Odgaard-Jensen J, Jahnsen R. Intensive training of motor function and functional skills among young children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pediatr. 2014;14:292. doi:10.1186/s12887-014-0292-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hari M, Akos K. Conductive education. London: Routledge; 1998.
   Google Scholar
• Bourke-Taylor H, O’Shea R, Gaebler-Spira D. Conductive education: a function skills program for children with cerebral palsy. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2007;27:45–62.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reddihough DS, King J, Coleman G, Catanese T. Efficacy of programmes based on conductive education for young children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Neurol. 1998;40:763–70. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1998.tb12345.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang L, Wu D, Tang JL, Jin L, Li XY. Effect of conductive education combined with Frenkel training on balance disability in children with cerebral palsy. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2009;11(3):207–09.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ødman P, Øberg B. Effectiveness of intensive training for children with cerebral palsy-a comparison between child and youth rehabilitation and conductive education. J Rehabil Med. 2005;37:263–70. doi:10.1080/16501970510032622.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anttila H, Suoranta J, Malmivaara A, Mäkelä M, Autti-Rämö I. Effectiveness of physiotherapy and conductive education interventions in children with cerebral palsy: a focused review. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2008;87(6):478–501. doi:10.1097/PHM.0b013e318174ebed.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myrhaug HT, Odgaard-Jensen J, Østensjø S, Vøllestad N, Jahnsen R. The short-term effects of a Conductive Education course in young children with cerebral palsy: a randomised trial. Dev Neurorehabil. 2017 Aug 17;1–9. doi:10.1080/17518423.2017.1360961.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klevberg GL, Østensjø S, Elkjær S, Kjeken I, Jahnsen RB. Hand function in young children with cerebral palsy: current practice and parent-reported benefits. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2016;11:1–16.
   Google Scholar
• Myklebust G, Jahnsen R, Elkjær S. Registration of interventions in children with cerebral palsy during three years – a population based study. Dev Med Neurol. 2009;51(suppl.5):65.
   Google Scholar
• Myrhaug HT, Østensjø S. Motor training and physical activity among preschoolers with cerebral palsy: a survey of parents’ experiences. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2014;34:153–67. doi:10.3109/01942638.2013.810185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher DCONSORT. Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. BMJ. 2010;340:c332. doi:10.1136/bmj.c332.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown CA, Lilford RJ. The stepped wedge trial design: a systematic review. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2006;6:54. doi:10.1186/1471-2288-6-54.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Russell DJ, Rosenbaum PL, Avery L, Lane M. Gross motor function measure (GMFM-66 and GMFM-88) user’s manual: clinics in developmental medicine. London, England: Mac Keith press; 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Avery LM, Russell DJ, Raina PS, Walter SD, Rosenbaum PL. Rasch analysis of the gross motor function measure: validating the assumptions of the Rasch model to create an interval-level measure. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;84:697–705. doi:10.1016/S0003-9993(02)04896-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russel DJ, Avery LM, Rosenbaum PL, Raina PS, Walter SD, Palisano RJ. Improved scaling of the gross motor function measure for children with cerebral palsy: evidence of reliability and validity. Phys Ther. 2000;80:873–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sørsdahl A-B [Vurdering av en norsk versjon av “Gross motor function measure”]. Master thesis University of Bergen, 1994.
   Google Scholar
• Haley SM, Coster WJ, Ludlow LH, Haltiwanger JT, Andrellos PJ. Pediatric evaluation of disability inventory: development, standardization, and administration manual, version 1.0. Boston: Trustees of Boston University, Health and Disability Research Institute; 1992.
   Google Scholar
• Varni JW Pediatric quality of life inventory.1998. accessed 2010 June 10http://www.pedsql.org/.
   Google Scholar
• Berg M, Jahnsen R, Frøslie KF, Hussain A. Reliability of the pediatric evaluation of disability inventory (PEDI). Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2004;24:61–77. doi:10.1300/J006v24n03_05.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Berg M, Aamodt G, Stanghelle J. Krumlinde-Sundholm L, Hussain A. Cross-cultural validation of the paediatric evaluation of disability inventory (PEDI) norms in a randomized Norwegian population. Scand J Occup Therapy. 2008;15:143–52. doi:10.1080/11038120802022011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reinfjell T, Diseth TH, Veenstra M, Vikan A. Measuring health-related quality of life in young adolescents: reliability and validity in the Norwegian version of the pediatric quality of life inventory™ 4.0 (PedsQL) generic core scales. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2006;4:61. doi:10.1186/1477-7525-4-61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eliasson AC, Krumlinde-Sundholm L, Rösblad B, Beckung E, Arner M, Ohrvall AM, Rosenbaum P. The manual ability classification system (MACS) for children with cerebral palsy: scale development and evidence of validity and reliability. Dev Med Neurol. 2006;48:549–54. doi:10.1017/S0012162206001162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor E, Schachar R, Thorley G, Wieselberg M. Parental account of children’s symptoms. Br J Psychiatry. 1986;149:760–67. doi:10.1192/bjp.149.6.760.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monninkhof EM, Velthuis MJ, Peeters PH, Twisk JW, Schuit AJ. Effect of exercise on postmenopausal sex hormone levels and role of body fat: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncol. 2009;20;27(27):4492–99. doi:10.1200/JCO.2008.19.7459.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Twisk JW. Applied longitudinal data analysis for epidemiology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Hur JA. Skills for independence for children with cerebral palsy: a comparative longitudinal study. Int J Disability, Dev Educ. 1997;44:263–74. doi:10.1080/0156655970440307.
   Google Scholar
• Stiller C, Marcoux BC. Olson R E The effect of conductive education, intensive therapy, and special education services on motor skills in children with cerebral palsy. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2003;23:31–50. doi:10.1080/J006v23n03_03.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dalvand H, Dehghan L, Feizy A, Amirsalai S, Bagheri H. Effect of the Bobath technique, conductive education and education to parents in activities of daily living in children with cerebral palsy in Iran. Hong Kong J Occup Ther. 2009;19:14–19. doi:10.1016/S1569-1861(09)70039-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alotaibi M, Long T, Kennedy E, Bavishi S. The efficacy of GMFM-88 and GMFM-66 to detect changes in gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy (CP): a literature review. Disabil Rehabil. 2014;36(8):617–27. doi:10.3109/09638288.2013.805820.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi M, Lee D, Ro H. Effect of task-oriented training and neurodevelopmental treatment on the sitting posture in children with cerebral palsy. J Phys Ther Sci. 2011;23:323–25. doi:10.1589/jpts.23.323.
   Google Scholar
• Hanna SE, Bartlett DJ, Rivard LM, Russell DJ. Reference curves for the gross motor function measure: percentiles for clinical description and tracking over time among children with cerebral palsy. Phys Ther. 2008;88:596–607. doi:10.2522/ptj.20070314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coleman GJ, King JA, Reddihough DS. A pilot evaluation of conductive education-based intervention for children with cerebral palsy: the Tongala project. J Paediatric Child Health. 1995;31:412–17. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1995.tb00849.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Odman P, Richt B, Oberg B. Parent’s conceptions of intensive group training. The case of cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehab. 2009;31(4):293–301. doi:10.1080/09638280801945709.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Von Tetzchner S, Verdel M, Barstad BG, Gravås EM, Jahnsen R, Krabbe S, Ramstad K, Schiørbeck H, Skjeldal OH, Tranheim RS, et al. The effect of interventions based on the programs of the Institutes for the achievement of human potential and family hope center. Dev Neurorehabil. 2013;16(4):217–29. doi:10.3109/17518423.2012.739211.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Odman P, Krevers B, Oberg B. Parents’ perceptions of the quality of two intensive training programmes for children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Neurol. 2007;49(2):93–100. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2007.00093.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar