439
Views
12
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

School based post disaster mental health services: decreased trauma symptoms in youth with multiple traumas

, , &
Pages 161-175 | Received 17 Feb 2016, Accepted 19 Jan 2017, Published online: 05 Apr 2017

References

  • American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Practice Parameters for the Assessment and Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents. (1998). Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 37, 4S–28S.
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: Author.
  • Bal, A. (2008). Post-traumatic stress disorder in Turkish child and adolescent survivors three years after the marmara earthquake. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 13, 134–139. doi:10.1111/j.1475-3588.2007.00469.x
  • Berger, R., Gelkopf, M., & Heineberg, Y. (2012). A teacher-delivered intervention for adolescents exposed to ongoing and intense traumatic war-related stress: A quasi-randomized controlled study. Journal of Adolescent Health, 51, 453–461. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.02.011
  • Bisson, J. I., Ehlers, A., Matthews, R., Pilling, S., Richards, D., & Turner, S. (2007). Psychological treatments for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 190, 97–104. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.021402
  • Briere, J. (1996). Trauma symptom checklist for children: Professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources Inc.
  • Briere, J., & Spinazzola, J. (2005). Phenomenology and psychological assessment of complex posttraumatic states. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18, 401–412. doi:10.1002/jts.20048
  • Catani, C., Kohiladevy, M., Ruf, M., Schauer, E., Elbert, T., & Neuner, F. (2009). Treating children traumatized by war and tsunami: A comparison between exposure therapy and meditation-relaxation in North-East Sri Lanka. BMC Psychiatry, 9(22), 1–11. doi:10.1186/1471-244X-9-22
  • CATS Consortium. (2010). Implementation of CBT for youth affected by the World Trade Center disaster: Matching need to treatment intensity and reducing trauma symptoms. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 23, 699–707. doi:10.1002/jts.20594
  • Chemtob, C. M., Nakashima, J. P., & Hamada, R. S. (2002). Psychosocial intervention for postdisaster trauma symptoms in elementary school children: A controlled community field study. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 156, 211–216. doi:10.1001/archpedi.156.3.211
  • Cicchetti, D., & Toth, S. L. (1997). Developmental perspectives on trauma: Theory, research, and intervention. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press.
  • Cloitre, M., Stolbach, B. C., Herman, J. L., Kolk, B. V. D., Pynoos, R., Wang, J., & Petkova, E. (2009). A developmental approach to complex PTSD: Childhood and adult cumulative trauma as predictors of symptom complexity. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 22, 399–408. doi:10.1002/jts.20444
  • Cohen, J. A., Issues, T. W. G. O. Q., & AACAP Work Group on Quality Issues. (2010). Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 49, 414–430. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2009.12.020
  • Cohen, J. A., Jaycox, L. H., Walker, D. W., Mannarino, A. P., Langley, A. K., & DuClos, J. L. (2009). Treating traumatized children after hurricane Katrina: Project Fleur-de Lis™. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 12, 55–64. doi:10.1007/s10567-009-0039-2
  • Cohen, J. A., & Mannarino, A. P. (1998). Interventions for sexually abused children: Initial treatment outcome findings. Child Maltreatment, 3, 17–26.10.1177/1077559598003001002
  • Cohen, J. A., & Mannarino, A. P. (2000). Predictors of treatment outcome in sexually abused children. Child Abuse & Neglect, 24, 983–994. doi:10.1016/S0145-2134(00)00153-8
  • Cohen, J. A., Mannarino, A. P., & Deblinger, E. (2006). Treating trauma and traumatic grief in children and adolescents. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
  • Cook, A., Spinazzola, J., Ford, J., Lanktree, C., Blaustein, M., Cloitre, M., & van der Kolk, B. (2005). Complex trauma. Psychiatric Annals, 35, 390–398.
  • Copeland, W. E., Keeler, G., Angold, A., & Costello, E. J. (2007). Traumatic events and posttraumatic stress in childhood. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64, 577–584. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.64.5.577
  • Dean, K. L., Langley, A. K., Kataoka, S. H., Jaycox, L. H., Wong, M., & Stein, B. D. (2008). School-based disaster mental health services: Clinical, policy, and community challenges. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 39, 52–57. doi:10.1037/0735-7028.39.1.52
  • De Bellis, M., & Van Dillen, T. (2005). Childhood post-traumatic stress disorder: An overview. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 14, 745–772. doi:10.1016/j.chc.2005.05.006
  • Deblinger, E., Mannarino, A. P., Cohen, J. A., & Steer, R. A. (2006). A follow-up study of a multisite, randomized, controlled trial for children with sexual abuse-related PTSD symptoms. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 45, 1474–1484.10.1097/01.chi.0000240839.56114.bb
  • Disaster PAST. (2012). Disaster psychological assessment and surveillance toolkit. Retrieved from http://www.medschool.lsuhsc.edu/psychiatry/docs/Disaster%20PAST%20Toolkit.pdf
  • Dorsey, S., Briggs, E. C., & Woods, B. A. (2011). Cognitive-behavioral treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 20, 255–269. doi:10.1016/j.chc.2011.01.006
  • Ehntholt, K. A., Smith, P. A., & Yule, W. (2005). School-based cognitive-behavioural therapy group intervention for refugee children who have experienced war-related trauma. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 10, 235–250. doi:10.1177/1359104505051214
  • Ferdos, G., & Seyed-Hossein, S. (2007). The effectiveness of problem solving skills in decreasing PTSD symptoms in survivors of Bam earthquake. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 235, 736–740.
  • Finkelhor, D., Ormrod, R. K., & Turner, H. A. (2007). Poly-victimization: A neglected component in child victimization. Child Abuse & Neglect, 31, 7–26. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.06.008
  • Fossion, P., Leys, C., Kempenaers, C., Braun, S., Verbanck, P., & Linkowski, P. (2015). Beware of multiple traumas in PTSD assessment: The role of reactivation mechanism in intrusive and hyper-arousal symptoms. Aging & Mental Health, 19, 258–263. doi:10.1080/13607863.2014.924901
  • Fullerton, C. S., & Ursano, R. J. (2005). Psychological and psychopathological consequences of disasters. In J. J. Lopez-Ibor, G. Christodoulou, M. Maj, N. Sartorius, & A. Okasha (Eds.), Disasters and mental health (pp. 13-36). West Sussex: Wiley.
  • Giannopoulou, I., Dikaiakou, A., & Yule, W. (2006). Cognitive-behavioural group intervention for PTSD symptoms in children following Athens 1999 earthquake: A pilot study. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 11, 543–553. doi:10.1177/1359104506067876
  • Goenjian, A. K., Karayan, I., Pynoos, R. S., Minassian, D., Najarian, L. M., Steinberg, A. M., & Fairbanks, L. A. (1997). Outcome of psychotherapy among early adolescents after trauma. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154, 536–542.
  • Goenjian, A. K., Molina, L., Steinberg, A. M., Fairbanks, L. A., Alvarez, M. L., Goenjian, H. A., & Pynoos, R. (2001). Posttraumatic stress and depressive reactions among Nicaraguan adolescents after Hurricane Mitch. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 788–794. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.5.788
  • Goenjian, A. K., Walling, D., Steinberg, A. M., Karayan, I., Najarian, L. M., & Pynoos, R. (2005). Prospective study of posttraumatic stress and depressive reactions among treated and untreated adolescents 5 years after a catastrophic disaster. American Journal of Psychiatry, 16, 2302–2308. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2302
  • Guo, J. J., Wade, T. J., & Keller, K. N. (2008). Impact of school-based health centers on students with mental health problems. Public Health Reports, 123, 768–780.10.1177/003335490812300613
  • Hansel, T. C., Osofsky, J. D., & Osofsky, H. J. (2015). Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Katrina Inspired Disaster Screenings (KIDS): Psychometric testing of the national child traumatic stress network hurricane assessment and referral tool. Child & Youth Care Forum, 44, 567–582. doi:10.1080/08964289.2015.1032201
  • Hansel, T. C., Osofsky, H. J., Osofsky, J. D., Costa, R. N., Kronenberg, M. E., & Selby, M. L. (2010). Attention to process and clinical outcomes of implementing a rural school-based trauma treatment program. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 23, 708–715. doi:10.1002/jts.20595
  • Hansel, T. C., Osofsky, J. D., Osofsky, H. J., & Friedrich, P. (2013). The effect of long-term relocation on child and adolescent survivors of Hurricane Katrina. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 26, 613–620. doi:10.1002/jts.21837
  • Hoagwood, K., & Erwin, H. D. (2005). Effectiveness of school-based mental health services for children: A 10-year research review. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 6, 435–451. doi:10.1023/A:1025045412689
  • Hoagwood, K. E., Radigan, M., Rodriguez, J., Levitt, J. M., Fernandez, D., & Foster, J. (2006). Final report on the child and adolescent trauma treatment and services (CATS) project for the substance abuse and mental health services administration (SAMHSA). New York, NY: Office of Mental Health.
  • Hoyt, D., Conger, R., Valde, J., & Weihs, K. (1997). Psychological distress and help seeking in rural America. American Journal of Community Psychology, 25, 449–470. doi:10.1023/A:1024655521619
  • Jaycox, L. H. (2003). Cognitive behavioral intervention for trauma in schools (CBITS). (M. Duval, Ed.). Longmont, CO: Sopris West Educational Services.
  • Jaycox, L. H., Cohen, J. A., Mannarino, A. P., Walker, D. W., Langley, A. K., Gegenheimer, K. L., … Schonlau, M. (2010). Children’s mental health care following Hurricane Katrina: A field trial of trauma-focused psychotherapies. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 23, 223–231. doi:10.1002/jts.20518
  • John, P. B., Russell, S., & Russell, P. S. (2007). The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder among children and adolescents affected by tsunami disaster in Tamil Nadu. Disaster Management and Response, 5, 3–7. doi:10.1016/j.dmr.2006.11.001
  • Kar, N., & Bastia, B. K. (2006). Post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and generalised anxiety disorder in adolescents after a natural disaster: A study of comorbidity. Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health, 2(1), 1–7. doi:10.1186/1745-0179-2-17
  • Kessler, R. C., Galea, S., Jones, R. T., & Parker, H. A. (2006). Mental illness and suicidality after Hurricane Katrina. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 84, 930–939. doi:10.1590/S0042-96862006001200008
  • Kronenberg, M. E., Hansel, T. C., Brennan, A. M., Osofsky, H. J., Osofsky, J. D., & Lawrason, B. (2010). Children of Katrina: Lessons learned about postdisaster symptoms and recovery patterns. Child Development, 81, 1241–1259. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01465.x
  • Lanktree, C. B., & Briere, J. (1995). Outcome of therapy for sexually abused children: A repeated measures study. Child Abuse and Neglect, 19, 1145–1155. doi:10.1016/0145-2134(95)00075-J
  • Masten, A. S., & Osofsky, J. D. (2010). Disasters and their impact on child development: Introduction to the special section. Child Development, 81, 1029–1039. doi:10.1111/j.14-67-8624.2010.01452
  • Mink, M. D., Moore, C. G., Johnson, A., Probst, J. C., & Martin, A. (2005). Violence and rural teens: Teen violence, drug use, and school-based prevention services in rural America. Rockville, MD: South Carolina Rural Health Research.
  • North, C. S., & Pfefferbaum, B. (2002). Research on the mental health effects of terrorism. JAMA, 288, 633–636.10.1001/jama.288.5.633
  • Osofsky, J. D. (1997). Children in a violent society. New York, NY: Guilford.
  • Osofsky, J. D. (1999). The impact of violence on children. The Future of Children, 9, 33–49. doi:10.2307/1602780
  • Osofsky, J. D. (2004). Prevalence of children’s exposure to domestic violence and child maltreatment: Implications for prevention and intervention. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 6, 161–170. doi:10.1023/A:1024958332093
  • Osofsky, J. D. (2008). In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina: A personal story of a psychologist from New Orleans. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 39, 12–17.10.1037/0735-7028.39.1.12
  • Osofsky, J. D., Osofsky, H. J., & Harris, W. W. (2007). Katrina’s children: Social policy considerations for children in disasters. Social Policy Report, 21, 3–18.
  • Osofsky, H. J., Osofsky, J. D., Kronenberg, M., Brennan, A., & Hansel, T. C. (2009). Posttraumatic stress symptoms in children after Hurricane Katrina: Predicting the need for mental health services. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 79, 212–220. doi:10.1037/a0016179
  • Pfefferbaum, B., Newman, E., & Nelson, S. D. (2014). Mental health interventions for children exposed to disasters and terrorism. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 24, 24–31. doi:10.1089/cap.2013.0061
  • Pfefferbaum, B., Sconzo, G. M., Flynn, B. W., Kearns, L. J., Doughty, D. E., Gurwitch, R. H., … Nixon, S. (2003). Case finding and mental health services for children in the aftermath of the Oklahoma City bombing. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 30, 215–227.10.1007/BF02289809
  • Pfefferbaum, B., Weems, C. F., Scott, B. G., Nitiéma, P., Noffsinger, M. A., Pfefferbaum, R. L., … Chakraburtty, A. (2013). Research methods in child disaster studies: A review of studies generated by the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks; the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami; and Hurricane Katrina. Child & Youth Care Forum, 42, 285–337. doi:10.1007/s10566-013-9211-4
  • Pynoos, R. S., Goenjian, A. K., & Steinberg, A. M. (1998). A public mental health approach to the post-disaster treatment of children and adolescents. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 7, 195–210.
  • Pynoos, R. S., Steinberg, A. M., & Piacentini, J. C. (1999). A developmental psychopathology model of childhood traumatic stress and intersection with anxiety disorders. Biological Psychiatry, 46, 1542–1554. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00262-0
  • Reddy, L. A., Newman, E., De Thomas, C. A., & Chun, V. (2009). Effectiveness and school-based prevention and intervention programs for children and adolescents with emotional disturbance: A meta-analysis. Journal of School Psychology, 47, 77–99. doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2008.11.001
  • Sadowski, C. M., & Friedrich, W. N. (2000). Psychometric properties of the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSCC) with psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents. Child Maltreatment, 5, 364–372. doi:10.1177/1077559500005004008
  • Schlenger, W. E., & Silver, R. C. (2006). Web-based methods in terrorism and disaster research. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 19, 185–193.10.1002/(ISSN)1573-6598
  • Shooshtary, M. H., Panaghi, L., & Moghadam, J. A. (2008). Outcome of cognitive behavioral therapy in adolescents after natural disaster. Journal of Adolescent Health., 42, 466–472. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.09.011
  • Silver, R. C. (2004). Conducting research after the 9/11 terrorist attacks: Challenges and results. Families, Systems, & Health, 22, 47–51.10.1037/1091-7527.22.1.47
  • Singer, M. I., Anglin, T. M., Song, L. Y., & Lunghofer, L. (1995). Adolescents’ exposure to violence and associated symptoms of psychological trauma. Journal of the American Medical Association, 273, 477–482. doi:10.1001/jama.1995.03520300051036
  • St. Bernard Family Resiliency Project. (2010). APA achievement awards: Promoting recovery and providing trauma treatment for students and their families after Hurricane Katrina. Psychiatric Services, 61, 1039–1041. doi:10.1176/ps.2010.61.10.1039
  • Stein, B. D., Jaycox, L. H., Kataoka, S. H., Wong, M., Tu, W., Elliott, M. N., & Fink, A. (2003). A mental health intervention for schoolchildren exposed to violence: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 290, 603–611. doi:10.1001/jama.290.5.603
  • Steinberg, A. M., Brymer, M. J., Steinberg, J. R., & Pfefferbaum, B. (2006). Conducting research on children and adolescents after disaster. In F. H. Norris, S. Galea, M. J. Friedman, & P. J. Watson (Eds.), Methods for disaster mental health research (pp. 243–253). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Stevens, J. (2013). Nearly 35 million U.S. children have experienced one or more types of childhood trauma. ACEs Too High. Retrieved from http://acestoohigh.com/2013/05/13/nearly-35-million-u-s-children-have-experienced-one-or-more-types-of-childhood-trauma/
  • Suliman, S., Mkabile, S. G., Fincham, D. S., Ahmed, R., Stein, D. J., & Seedat, S. (2009). Cumulative effect of multiple trauma on symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression in adolescents. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 50, 121–127. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.06.006
  • van der Kolk, B. A. (2005). Developmental trauma disorder. Psychiatric Annals, 35, 401–408.
  • Wade, T. J., Mansour, M. E., Guo, J. J., Huentelman, T., Line, K., & Keller, K. N. (2008). Access and utilization patterns of school-based health centers at urban and rural elementary and middle schools. Public Health Reports, 123, 739–750.10.1177/003335490812300610
  • Weems, C. F., Taylor, L. K., Costa, N. M., Marks, A. B., Romano, D. M., Verrett, S. L., & Brown, D. M. (2009). Effect of a school-based test anxiety intervention in ethnic minority youth exposed to Hurricane Katrina. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 30, 218–226.10.1016/j.appdev.2008.11.005
  • Wolmer, L., Hamiel, D., & Laor, N. (2011). Preventing children’s posttraumatic stress after disaster with teacher-based intervention: A controlled study. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 50, 340–348. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2011.01.002

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.