Sex Differences and Self-Reported Attention Problems During Baseline Concussion Testing

REFERENCES

• Brooks, B. L., McKay, C., Mrazik, M., Barlow, K. M., Meeuwisse, W., & Emery, C. A. (2013). Subjective, but not objective, lingering effects of multiple past concussions in adolescents. Journal of Neurotrauma, 30, 1469–1475.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks, B. L., Mrazik, M., Barlow, K. M., McKay, C. D., Meeuwisse, W., & Emery, C. A. (2014). Absence of differences between male and female adolescents with a prior sport concussion. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 29, 257–264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castile, L., Collins, C. L., McIlvain, N. M., & Comstock, R. D. (2012). The epidemiology of new versus recurrent sports concussions among high school athletes, 2005–2010. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 46, 603–610.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choe, M. C., Babikian, T., DiFiori, J., Hovda, D. A., & Giza, C. C. (2012). A pediatric perspective on concussion pathophysiology. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 24, 689–695.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins, M. W., Iverson, G. L., Gaetz, M., Meehan, W. P., & Lovell, M. R. (2012). Sport-related concussion. In N. D. Zasler D. I. Katz & R. D. Zafonte (Eds.), Brain injury medicine: Principles and practice (2nd ed., pp. 498–516). New York, NY: Demos Medical Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Collins, M., Lovell, M. R., Iverson, G. L., Ide, T., & Maroon, J. (2006). Examining concussion rates and return to play in high school football players wearing newer helmet technology: A three-year prospective cohort study. Neurosurgery, 58, 275–286.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Covassin, T., Elbin, R. J., Harris, W., Parker, T., & Kontos, A. (2012). The role of age and sex in symptoms, neurocognitive performance, and postural stability in athletes after concussion. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 40, 1303–1312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Covassin, T., Elbin, R. J. 3rd, Larson, E., & Kontos, A. P. (2012). Sex and age differences in depression and baseline sport-related concussion neurocognitive performance and symptoms. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 22, 98–104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dougan, B. K., Horswill, M. S., & Geffen, G. M. (2014). Athletes’ age, sex, and years of education moderate the acute neuropsychological impact of sports-related concussion: A meta-analysis. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 20(1), 64–80.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Echemendia, R. J., Bruce, J. M., Bailey, C. M., Sanders, J. F., Arnett, P., & Vargas, G. (2012). The utility of post-concussion neuropsychological data in identifying cognitive change following sports-related MTBI in the absence of baseline data. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 26, 1077–1091.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elbin, R. J., Kontos, A. P., Kegel, N., Johnson, E., Burkhart, S., & Schatz, P. (2013). Individual and combined effects of LD and ADHD on computerized neurocognitive concussion test performance: Evidence for separate norms. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 28, 476–484.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Field, M., Collins, M. W., Lovell, M. R., & Maroon, J. (2003). Does age play a role in recovery from sports-related concussion? A comparison of high school and collegiate athletes. Journal of Pediatrics, 142, 546–553.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frommer, L. J., Gurka, K. K., Cross, K. M., Ingersoll, C. D., Comstock, R. D., & Saliba, S. A. (2011). Sex differences in concussion symptoms of high school athletes. Journal of Athletic Training, 46, 76–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gessel, L. M., Fields, S. K., Collins, C. L., Dick, R. W., & Comstock, R. D. (2007). Concussions among United States high school and collegiate athletes. Journal of Athletic Training, 42, 495–503.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guskiewicz, K. M., & Valovich McLeod, T. C. (2011). Pediatric sports-related concussion. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 3, 353–364.
   Google Scholar
• IBM Corporation. (2010). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows (Version 19.0) [Computer software]. Armonk, NY: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Iverson, G. L., Brooks, B. L., Collins, M. W., & Lovell, M. R. (2006). Tracking neuropsychological recovery following concussion in sport. Brain Injury, 20, 245–252.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iverson, G. L., Brooks, B. L., Lovell, M. R., & Collins, M. W. (2006). No cumulative effects for one or two previous concussions. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 40, 72–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iverson, G. L., Echemendia, R. J., Lamarre, A. K., Brooks, B. L., & Gaetz, M. B. (2012). Possible lingering effects of multiple past concussions. Rehabilitation Research and Practice, 2012, 316575.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Iverson, G. L., Lovell, M. R., & Collins, M. W. (2003). Interpreting change on ImPACT following sport concussion. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 17, 460–467.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirkwood, M. W., Randolph, C., & Yeates, K. O. (2012). Sport-related concussion: A call for evidence and perspective amidst the alarms. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 22, 383–384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kontos, A. P., Dolese, A., Elbin, R. J., Covassin, T., & Warren, B. L. (2011). Relationship of soccer heading to computerized neurocognitive performance and symptoms among female and male youth soccer players. Brain Injury, 25, 1234–1241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kontos, A. P., Elbin, R. J., Schatz, P., Covassin, T., Henry, L., Pardini, J., & Collins, M. W. (2012). A revised factor structure for the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale: Baseline and postconcussion factors. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 40, 2375–2384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovell, M. R., Iverson, G. L., Collins, M. W., Podell, K., Johnston, K. M., Pardini, D., … Maroon, J. C. (2006). Measurement of symptoms following sports-related concussion: Reliability and normative data for the Post-Concussion Scale. Applied Neuropsychology, 13, 166–174.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Makdissi, M., Davis, G., Jordan, B., Patricios, J., Purcell, L., & Putukian, M. (2013). Revisiting the modifiers: How should the evaluation and management of acute concussions differ in specific groups?. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 47, 314–320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maroon, J. C., Lovell, M. R., Norwig, J., Podell, K., Powell, J. W., & Hartl, R. (2000). Cerebral concussion in athletes: Evaluation and neuropsychological testing. Neurosurgery, 47, 659–672.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McClincy, M. P., Lovell, M. R., Pardini, J., Collins, M. W., & Spore, M. K. (2006). Recovery from sports concussion in high school and collegiate athletes. Brain Injury, 20, 33–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCrory, P., Meeuwisse, W. H., Aubry, M., Cantu, R. C., Dvorak, J., Echemendia, R. J., … Davis, G. A. (2013). Consensus statement on concussion in sport: The 4th International Conference on Concussion in Sport, Zurich, November 2012. Journal of Athletic Training, 48, 554–575.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCrory, P., Meeuwisse, W., Johnston, K., Dvorak, J., Aubry, M., Molloy, M., & Cantu, R. (2009). Consensus statement on concussion in sport 3rd International Conference on Concussion in Sport held in Zurich, November 2008. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 19, 185–200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKay, C. D., Schneider, K. J., Brooks, B. L., Mrazik, M., & Emery, C. A. (2014). Baseline evaluation in youth ice hockey players: Comparing methods for documenting prior concussions, attention problems, and learning difficulties. Journal of Orthopedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 44, 329–335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pellman, E. J., Lovell, M. R., Viano, D. C., & Casson, I. R. (2006). Concussion in professional football: Recovery of NFL and high school athletes assessed by computerized neuropsychological testing—Part 12. Neurosurgery, 58, 263–274.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piland, S. G., Ferrara, M. S., Macciocchi, S. N., Broglio, S. P., & Gould, T. E. (2010). Investigation of baseline self-report concussion symptom scores. Journal of Athletic Training, 45, 273–278.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Purcell, L. (2009). What are the most appropriate return-to-play guidelines for concussed child athletes? British Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(Suppl. 1), i51–i55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putukian, M., Kreher, J. B., Coppel, D. B., Glazer, J. L., McKeag, D. B., & White, R. D. (2011). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the athlete: An American Medical Society for Sports Medicine position statement. Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine, 21, 392–401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Randolph, C. (2011). Baseline neuropsychological testing in managing sport-related concussion: Does it modify risk?. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 10, 21–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schatz, P. (2010). Long-term test–retest reliability of baseline cognitive assessments using ImPACT. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 38, 47–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sim, A., Terryberry-Spohr, L., & Wilson, K. R. (2008). Prolonged recovery of memory functioning after mild traumatic brain injury in adolescent athletes. Journal of Neurosurgery, 108, 511–516.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas, D. G., Collins, M. W., Saladino, R. A., Frank, V., Raab, J., & Zuckerbraun, N. S. (2011). Identifying neurocognitive deficits in adolescents following concussion. Academic Emergency Medicine, 18, 246–254.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Kampen, D. A., Lovell, M. R., Pardini, J. E., Collins, M. W., & Fu, F. H. (2006). The ‘value added’ of neurocognitive testing after sports-related concussion. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 34(10), 1630–1635.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wasserman, T., & Wasserman, L. D. (2012). The sensitivity and specificity of neuropsychological tests in the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Applied Neuropsychology: Child, 1, 90–99.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White, R. D., Harris, G. D., & Gibson, M. E. (2014). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and athletes. Sports Health, 6, 149–156.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zemek, R. L., Farion, K. J., Sampson, M., & McGahern, C. (2013). Prognosticators of persistent symptoms following pediatric concussion: A systematic review. JAMA Pediatrics, 167, 259–265.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zuckerman, S. L., Lee, Y. M., Odom, M. J., Solomon, G. S., & Sills, A. K. (2013). Baseline neurocognitive scores in athletes with attention deficit-spectrum disorders and/or learning disability. Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics, 12, 103–109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zuckerman, S. L., Solomon, G. S., Forbes, J. A., Haase, R. F., Sills, A. K., & Lovell, M. R. (2012). Response to acute concussive injury in soccer players: Is gender a modifying factor? Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics, 10, 504–510.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar