‘I also want to be vaccinated!’ – adolescent boys’ awareness and thoughts, perceived benefits, information sources, and intention to be vaccinated against Human papillomavirus (HPV)

References

• Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J, Jemal AT. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65(2):87–108. doi:10.3322/caac.21262.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forman D, de Martel C, Lacey CJ, Soerjomataram I, Lortet-Tieulent J, Bruni L, Vignat J, Ferlay J, Bray F, Plummer M, et al. Global burden of human papillomavirus and related diseases. Vaccine. 2012; 30(Suppl 5): F12–23.doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.07.055.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du J, Nordfors C, Ahrlund-Richter A, Sobkowiak M, Romanitan M, Nasman A, Andersson S, Ramqvist T, Dalianis T. Prevalence of oral human papillomavirus infection among youth, Sweden. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18(9):1468–1471. doi:10.3201/eid1809.111731.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaturvedi AK, Engels EA, Pfeiffer RM, Hernandez BY, Xiao W, Kim E, Jiang B, Goodman MT, Sibug-Saber M, Cozen W, et al. Human papillomavirus and rising oropharyngeal cancer incidence in the United States. J Clin Oncol. 2011; 29(32): 4294–4301.doi:10.1200/JCO.2011.36.4596.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Machalek DA, Grulich AE, Jin F, Templeton DJ, Poynten IM. The epidemiology and natural history of anal human papillomavirus infection in men who have sex with men. Sex Health. 2012;9(6):527–537. doi:10.1071/SH12043.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young D, Xiao CC, Murphy B, Moore M, Fakhry C, Day TA. Increase in head and neck cancer in younger patients due to human papillomavirus (HPV). Oral Oncol. 2015; 51(8): 727–730. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.03.015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruni L, Diaz M, Barrionuevo-Rosas L, Herrero R, Bray F, Bosch FX, de Sanjose S, Castellsague X. Global estimates of human papillomavirus vaccination coverage by region and income level: a pooled analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2016;4(7):e453–63. doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(16)30099-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grandahl M, Larsson M, Tyden T, Stenhammar C. School nurses’ attitudes towards and experiences of the Swedish school-based HPV vaccination programme - A repeated cross sectional study. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(4):e0175883. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0175883.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grandahl M, Tyden T, Rosenblad A, Oscarsson M, Neveus T, Stenhammar C. School nurses’ attitudes and experiences regarding the human papillomavirus vaccination programme in Sweden: a population-based survey. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:.540. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-540.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Public Health Agency of Sweden [Folkhälsomyndigheten]. Human papilloma virus vaccination of boys in the Swedish national vaccination programme - support for a governmental decision 2017. Report number: 01596-2017. [accessed 2018 Aug 30]. https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/publicerat-material/publikationsarkiv/b/beslutsunderlag-om-hpv-vaccination-av-pojkar-i-det-nationella-vaccinationsprogrammet/.
   Google Scholar
• Wolff E, Elfstrom KM, Haugen Cange H, Larsson S, Englund H, Sparen P, Roth A. Cost-effectiveness of sex-neutral HPV-vaccination in Sweden, accounting for herd-immunity and sexual behaviour. Vaccine. 2018. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.07.018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prue G. Vaccinate boys as well as girls against HPV: it works, and it may be cost effective. BMJ. 2014;349:.g4834. doi:10.1136/bmj.g4834.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehtinen M, Luostarinen T, Vanska S, Soderlund-Strand A, Eriksson T, Natunen K, Apter D, Baussano I, Harjula K, Hokkanen M, et al. Gender-neutral vaccination provides improved control of human papillomavirus types 18/31/33/35 through herd immunity: results of a community randomised trial (III). Int J Cancer. 2018; 10.1002/ijc.31618.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNICEF. Convention on the Rights of the Child 2015 [updated November 4, 2014], [accessed 2018 Aug 2]. http://www.unicef.org/crc/index_30160.html.
   Google Scholar
• Beauchamp T, Childress J. Principles of Biomedical Ethics. 6th ed. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press; 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Hansen BT, Campbell S, Burger E, Nygard M. Correlates of HPV vaccine uptake in school-based routine vaccination of preadolescent girls in Norway: A register-based study of 90,000 girls and their parents. Prev Med. 2015;77:.4–10. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.04.024.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slåttelid Schreiber S, Juul K, Dehlendorff C, Kjær SK. Socioeconomic Predictors of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Girls in the Danish Childhood Immunization Program. J Adolesc Health. 2015;56(4):402–407. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.12.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grandahl M, Chun Paek S, Grisurapong S, Sherer P, Tyden T, Lundberg P. Parents’ knowledge, beliefs, and acceptance of the HPV vaccination in relation to their socio-demographics and religious beliefs: A cross-sectional study in Thailand. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(2):e0193054. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0193054.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grandahl M, Larsson M, Dalianis T, Stenhammar C, Tyden T, Westerling R, Neveus T. Catch-up HPV vaccination status of adolescents in relation to socioeconomic factors, individual beliefs and sexual behaviour. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(11):e0187193. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0187193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrer HB, Trotter C, Hickman M, Audrey S. Barriers and facilitators to HPV vaccination of young women in high-income countries: a qualitative systematic review and evidence synthesis. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:.700. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-700.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogilvie G, Anderson M, Marra F, McNeil S, Pielak K, Dawar M, McIvor M, Ehlen T, Dobson S, Money D, et al. A population-based evaluation of a publicly funded, school-based HPV vaccine program in British Columbia, Canada: parental factors associated with HPV vaccine receipt. PLoS Med. 2010; 7(5): e1000270.doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000270.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tung IL, Machalek DA, Garland SM, Attitudes K. Factors associated with human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccine uptake in adolescent girls and young Women in Victoria, Australia. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(8):e0161846. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0161846.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattebo M, Grun N, Rosenblad A, Larsson M, Haggstrom-Nordin E, Dalianis T, Tyden T. Sexual experiences in relation to HPV vaccination status in female high school students in Sweden. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2014;19(2):86–92. doi:10.3109/13625187.2013.878021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlson LM, Gonzalez S. Knowledge of cervical cancer pathology of high school students in San Carlos, Costa Rica. Rev Biol Trop. 2014;62(3):877–886.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marek E, Dergez T, Rebek-Nagy G, Kricskovics A, Kovacs K, Bozsa S, Kiss I, Ember I, Gocze P. Adolescents’ awareness of HPV infections and attitudes towards HPV vaccination 3 years following the introduction of the HPV vaccine in Hungary. Vaccine. 2011;29(47):8591–8598. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sopracordevole F, Cigolot F, Gardonio V, Di Giuseppe J, Boselli F, Ciavattini A. Teenagers’ knowledge about HPV infection and HPV vaccination in the first year of the public vaccination programme. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012;31(9):2319–2325. doi:10.1007/s10096-012-1571-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel H, Jeve YB, Sherman SM, Moss EL. Knowledge of human papillomavirus and the human papillomavirus vaccine in European adolescents: a systematic review. Sex Transm Infect. 2016;92(6):474–479. doi:10.1136/sextrans-2015-052341.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hilton S, Patterson C, Smith E, Bedford H, Hunt K. Teenagers’ understandings of and attitudes towards vaccines and vaccine-preventable diseases: a qualitative study. Vaccine. 2013;31(22):2543–2550. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.04.023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grandahl M, Rosenblad A, Stenhammar C, Tyden T, Westerling R, Larsson M, Oscarsson M, Andrae B, Dalianis T, Neveus T. School-based intervention for the prevention of HPV among adolescents: a cluster randomised controlled study. BMJ Open. 2016;6(1):e009875. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009875.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerend MA, Madkins K, Phillips G 2nd, Mustanski B. Predictors of human papillomavirus vaccination among young men who have sex with men. Sex Transm Dis. 2016;43(3):185–191. doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000408.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cummings T, Kasting ML, Rosenberger JG, Rosenthal SL, Zimet GD, Stupiansky NW. Catching up or missing out? human papillomavirus vaccine acceptability among 18- to 26-year-old men who have sex with men in a us national sample. Sex Transm Dis. 2015;42(11):601–606. doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000358.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheung T, Lau JTF, Wang JZ, Mo PKH, Ho YS. Acceptability of HPV vaccines and associations with perceptions related to HPV and HPV vaccines among male baccalaureate students in Hong Kong. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(6):e0198615. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0198615.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fontenot HB, Fantasia HC, Vetters R, Zimet GD. Increasing HPV vaccination and eliminating barriers: recommendations from young men who have sex with men. Vaccine. 2016;34(50):6209–6216. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.10.075.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Brien BC, Harris IB, Beckman TJ, Reed DA, Cook DA. Standards for reporting qualitative research: a synthesis of recommendations. Acad Med. 2014;89(9):1245–1251. doi:10.1097/ACM.0000000000000388.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care. 2007;19(6):349–357. doi:10.1093/intqhc/mzm042.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottvall M, Grandahl M, Hoglund AT, Larsson M, Stenhammar C, Andrae B, Tyden T. Trust versus concerns-how parents reason when they accept HPV vaccination for their young daughter. Ups J Med Sci. 2013;118(4):263–270. doi:10.3109/03009734.2013.809039.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grandahl M, Oscarsson M, Stenhammar C, Neveus T, Westerling R, Tyden T. Not the right time: why parents refuse to let their daughters have the human papillomavirus vaccination. Acta Paediatr. 2014;103(4):436–441. doi:10.1111/apa.12545.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekstrand M, Tyden T, Larsson M. Exposing oneself and one’s partner to sexual risk-taking as perceived by young Swedish men who requested a Chlamydia test. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2011;16(2):100–107. doi:10.3109/13625187.2010.549253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekstrand Ragnar M, Grandahl M, Stern J, Mattebo M. Important but far away: adolescents’ beliefs, awareness and experiences of fertility and preconception health. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2018;23(4):265–273. doi:10.1080/13625187.2018.1481942.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malterud K, Siersma VD, Guassora AD. Sample Size in Qualitative Interview Studies: guided by Information Power. Qual Health Res. 2015. doi:10.1177/1049732315617444.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hilton S, Smith E. “I thought cancer was one of those random things. I didn’t know cancer could be caught…”: adolescent girls’ understandings and experiences of the HPV programme in the UK. Vaccine. 2011;29(26):4409–4415. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnard P, Gill P, Stewart K, Treasure E, Chadwick B. Analysing and presenting qualitative data. Br Dent J. 2008;204(8):429–432. doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.2008.292.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guba E, Lincoln Y. Fourth Generation Evaluation. Newbury Park (CA): Sage publications; 1989.
   Google Scholar
• Graneheim UH, Lundman B. Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse Educ Today. 2004;24(2):105–112. doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2003.10.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donadiki EM, Jimenez-Garcia R, Hernandez-Barrera V, Sourtzi P, Carrasco-Garrido P, Lopez de Andres A, Jimenez-Trujillo I, Eg V. Health belief model applied to non-compliance with HPV vaccine among female university students. Public Health. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2013.12.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krawczyk A, Perez S, King L, Vivion M, Dube E, Rosberger Z. Parents’ decision-making about the human papillomavirus vaccine for their daughters: II. Qualitative results. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2015;11(2):330–336. doi:10.4161/21645515.2014.980708.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Champion VL, Skinner Sugg C. The Health Belief Model. In: Glantz. K, BarbaraK. R, Viswanath K editors. Health behavior and health education: theory, resaearch and practice. 4th. San Fransisco (CA. USA): Jossey-Bass; 2008; (pp. 45–65).
   Google Scholar
• WMA Declaration of Helsinki - Ethical Principles for Research Involving Human Subjects: World Medical Association; 2008 [accessed 2017 Apr 10]. http://www.wma.net/en/30publications/10policies/b3/index.html.
   Google Scholar
• CODEX rules and guidelines for research Uppsala, Sweden: CODEX, Centre for Research Ethics & Bioethics; 2015 [accessed 2017 Sep 2]. http://www.codex.vr.se/en/manniska1.shtml.
   Google Scholar
• Marra E, Alberts CJ, Zimet GD, Paulussen TGWM, Heijman T, Hogewoning AA, Sonder GJB, Fennema JS, Hjc DV, Schim van der Loeff MF. HPV vaccination intention among male clients of a large STI outpatient clinic in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Papillomavirus Res. 2016;2:.178–184. doi:10.1016/j.pvr.2016.11.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottvall M, Larsson M, Hoglund AT, Tydén T. High HPV vaccine acceptance despite low awareness among Swedish upper secondary school students. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2009;14(6):399–405. doi:10.3109/13625180903229605.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hilton S, Hunt K, Bedford H, Petticrew M. School nurses’ experiences of delivering the UK HPV vaccination programme in its first year. BMC Infect Dis. 2011;11:.226. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-11-226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyce T, Holmes A. Addressing health inequalities in the delivery of the human papillomavirus vaccination programme: examining the role of the school nurse. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(9):e43416. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0043416.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brabin L, Stretch R, Roberts SA, Elton P, Baxter D, McCann R. The school nurse, the school and HPV vaccination: a qualitative study of factors affecting HPV vaccine uptake. Vaccine. 2011;29(17):3192–3196. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.02.038.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosen BL, Ashwood D, Richardson GB. School nurses’ professional practice in the HPV vaccine decision-making process. J Sch Nurs. 2016;32(2):138–148. doi:10.1177/1059840515583312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnack JL, Reddy DM, Swain C. Predictors of parents’ willingness to vaccinate for human papillomavirus and physicians’ intentions to recommend the vaccine. Womens Health Issues. 2010; 20(1):28–34. doi:10.1016/j.whi.2009.08.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott K, Batty ML. HPV vaccine uptake among Canadian youth and the role of the nurse practitioner. J Community Health. 2016;41(1):197–205. doi:10.1007/s10900-015-0069-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rich A, Mullan BA, Sainsbury K, Kuczmierczyk AR. The role of gender and sexual experience in predicting adolescent condom use intentions using the theory of planned behaviour. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2014;19(4):295–306. doi:10.3109/13625187.2014.917624.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• West C, Zimmerman DH. Doing Gender. Nouvelles Questions Feministes. 2009;28(3):34-+. doi:10.3917/nqf.283.0034.
   Google Scholar
• Connell R. Gender, health and theory: conceptualizing the issue, in local and world perspective. Soc Sci Med. 2012;74(11):1675–1683. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.06.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottvall M, Tyden T, Hoglund AT, Larsson M. Knowledge of human papillomavirus among high school students can be increased by an educational intervention. Int J STD AIDS. 2010;21(8):558–562. doi:10.1258/ijsa.2010.010063.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marek E, Dergez T, Rebek-Nagy G, Szilard I, Kiss I, Ember I, Gocze P, D’Cruz G. Effect of an educational intervention on Hungarian adolescents’ awareness, beliefs and attitudes on the prevention of cervical cancer. Vaccine. 2012;30(48):6824–6832. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.09.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. Standards for sexuality education in Europe Cologne2010 [accessed 2017 Aug 20]. http://www.bzga-whocc.de.
   Google Scholar