Prevalence of hepatitis C and pre-testing awareness of hepatitis C status in 1500 consecutive PWID participants at the Stockholm needle exchange program

References

• Gower E, Estes C, Blach S, et al. Global epidemiology and genotype distribution of the hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol. 2014;61:S45–S57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmateer N, Hutchinson S, McAllister G, et al. Risk of transmission associated with sharing drug injecting paraphernalia: analysis of recent hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection using cross-sectional survey data. J Viral Hepat. 2014;21:25–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillies M, Palmateer N, Hutchinson S, et al. The provision of non-needle/syringe drug injecting paraphernalia in the primary prevention of HCV among IDU: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2010;10:721.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corson S, Greenhalgh D, Taylor A, et al. Modelling the prevalence of HCV amongst people who inject drugs: an investigation into the risks associated with injecting paraphernalia sharing. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013;133:172–179.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNODC. World drug report; [Internet] 2016. [cited 2017 May 26] Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Nelson+PK%2C+Mathers+BM%2C+Cowie+B%2C+et+al.+Global+epidemiology.
   Google Scholar
• Nelson PK, Mathers BM, Cowie B, et al. Global epidemiology of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in people who inject drugs: results of systematic reviews. Lancet (London). 2011;378:571–583.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duberg AS, Blach S, Falconer K, et al. The future disease burden of hepatitis C virus infection in Sweden and the impact of different treatment strategies. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2015;50:233–244.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folkhälsomyndygheten. Ha¨lsofra¨mjande och fo¨rebyggande arbete med hepatit och hiv fo¨r personer som injicerar droger – en vägledning [Health promotion and prevention of hepatitis and HIV for people who inject drugs – a guidance]. 2015.
   Google Scholar
• CAN. Drogutvecklingen i Sverige 2014 [Internet]; [Drug Trends in Sweden 2014]. CAN Rapport. [cited 2017 May 26] Available from: http://canse/Publikationer/rapporter/Drogutvecklingen-i-Sverige-2014/.
   Google Scholar
• MacArthur GJ, van Velzen E, Palmateer N, et al. Interventions to prevent HIV and Hepatitis C in people who inject drugs: a review of reviews to assess evidence of effectiveness. Int J Drug Policy. 2014;25:34–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdul-Quader AS, Feelemyer J, Modi S, et al. Effectiveness of structural-level needle/syringe programs to reduce HCV and HIV infection among people who inject drugs: a systematic review. AIDS Behav. 2013;17:2878–2892.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blome MA, Bjorkman P, Flamholc L, et al. Minimal transmission of HIV despite persistently high transmission of hepatitis C virus in a Swedish needle exchange program. J Viral Hepat. 2011;18:831–839.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmateer N, Kimber J, Hickman M, et al. Evidence for the effectiveness of sterile injecting equipment provision in preventing hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus transmission among injecting drug users: a review of reviews. Addiction (Abingdon, England). 2010;105:844–859.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aspinall EJ, Nambiar D, Goldberg DJ, et al. Are needle and syringe programmes associated with a reduction in HIV transmission among people who inject drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Epidemiol. 2014;43:235–248.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin NK, Hickman M, Hutchinson SJ, et al. Combination interventions to prevent HCV transmission among people who inject drugs: modeling the impact of antiviral treatment, needle and syringe programs, and opiate substitution therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 2013;57:S39–S45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmateer NE, Taylor A, Goldberg DJ, et al. Rapid decline in HCV incidence among people who inject drugs associated with national scale-up in coverage of a combination of harm reduction interventions. PLoS One. 2014;9:e104515.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner KM, Hutchinson S, Vickerman P, et al. The impact of needle and syringe provision and opiate substitution therapy on the incidence of hepatitis C virus in injecting drug users: pooling of UK evidence. Addiction (Abingdon, England) 2011;106:1978–1988.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Den Berg C, Smit C, Van Brussel G, et al. Full participation in harm reduction programmes is associated with decreased risk for human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus: evidence from the Amsterdam Cohort Studies among drug users. Addiction (Abingdon, England). 2007;102:1454–1462.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norden L, Saxon L, Kaberg M, et al. Knowledge of status and assessment of personal health consequences with hepatitis C are not enough to change risk behaviour among injecting drug users in Stockholm County, Sweden. Scand J Infect Dis. 2009;41:727–734.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwiatkowski CF, Fortuin Corsi K, Booth RE. The association between knowledge of hepatitis C virus status and risk behaviors in injection drug users. Addiction (Abingdon, England). 2002;97:1289–1294.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlicting EG, Johnson ME, Brems C, et al. Validity of injecting drug users' self report of hepatitis A, B, and C. Clin Lab Sci. 2003;16:99–106.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hagan H, Campbell J, Thiede H, et al. Self-reported hepatitis C virus antibody status and risk behavior in young injectors. Public Health Rep. 2006;121:710–719.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day CA, White B, Thein HH, et al. Experience of hepatitis C testing among injecting drug users in Sydney, Australia. AIDS Care. 2008;20:116–123.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Keefe D, Aitken C, Higgs P, et al. Concordance between self-reported and actual hepatitis C virus infection status in a cohort of people who inject drugs. Drug Alcohol Rev. 2013;32:208–210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Britton SHK, Marosi K, Sarkar K, et al. Baslinjestudie om blodburen smitta bland injektionsnarkomaner i Stockholms la¨n 1 juli 2007 – 31 augusti 2008 [Internet]; [Baseline study of blood-borne infections among injecting drug users in Stockholm County July 1st 2007 – August 31st 2008]. [cited 2017 May 26] Available from: https://forskarnatverket.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/hillgren-baslinjestudien.pdf. 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Hillgren KSK, Elofsson S, Britton S. [Widespread risk behavior among injecting drug users. Over 80 percent HCV-infected–7 percent have HIV, as demonstrated by the first baseline study]. Läkartidningen. 2012;109:1221–1225.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Martin NK, Vickerman P, Grebely J, et al. Hepatitis C virus treatment for prevention among people who inject drugs: modeling treatment scale-up in the age of direct-acting antivirals. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md). 2013;58:1598–1609.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin NK, Foster GR, Vilar J, et al. HCV treatment rates and sustained viral response among people who inject drugs in seven UK sites: real world results and modelling of treatment impact. J Viral Hepat. 2015;22:399–408.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feld JJ, Kowdley KV, Coakley E, et al. Treatment of HCV with ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:1594–1603.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welzel TM, Petersen J, Herzer K, et al. Daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir, with or without ribavirin, achieved high sustained virological response rates in patients with HCV infection and advanced liver disease in a real-world cohort. Gut. 2016;65:1861–1870.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Backus LI, Belperio PS, Shahoumian TA, et al. Real-world effectiveness of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir in 4,365 treatment-naive, genotype 1 hepatitis C-infected patients. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md). 2016;64:405–414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hellard M, Rolls DA, Sacks-Davis R, et al. The impact of injecting networks on hepatitis C transmission and treatment in people who inject drugs. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md). 2014;60:1861–1870.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Midgard H, Weir A, Palmateer N, et al. HCV epidemiology in high-risk groups and the risk of reinfection. J Hepatol. 2016;65:S33–S45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Midgard H, Bjoro B, Maeland A, et al. Hepatitis C reinfection after sustained virological response. J Hepatol. 2016;64:1020–1026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar