439
Views
19
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Everything You Need to Know in 2019 About:

Fellow Eye Deficits in Amblyopia

, Ph.D.ORCID Icon, , Ph.D.ORCID Icon & , Ph.D.ORCID Icon
Pages 116-125 | Received 18 Mar 2019, Accepted 23 May 2019, Published online: 04 Jun 2019

References

  • Birch EE, Subramanian V, Weakley DR. Fixation instability in anisometropic children with reduced stereopsis. J Aapos. 2013;17:287–290. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2013.03.011.
  • Subramanian V, Jost RM, Birch EE. A quantitative study of fixation stability in amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54:1998–2003. doi:10.1167/iovs.12-11054.
  • Chung ST, Kumar G, Li RW, Levi DM. Characteristics of fixational eye movements in amblyopia: limitations on fixation stability and acuity? Vision Res. 2015;114:87–99. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2015.01.016.
  • Shaikh AG, Otero-Millan J, Kumar P, Ghasia FF. Abnormal fixational eye movements in amblyopia. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0149953. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149953.
  • Ciuffreda KJ, Kenyon RV, Stark L. Fixational eye movements in amblyopia and strabismus. J Am Optom Assoc. 1979;50:1251–1258.
  • Economides JR, Adams DL, Horton JC. Variability of ocular deviation in strabismus. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2016;134:63–69. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2015.4486.
  • Perdziak M, Witkowska DK, Gryncewicz W, Ober JK. Not only amblyopic but also dominant eye in subjects with strabismus show increased saccadic latency. J Vis. 2016;16:12. doi:10.1167/16.10.12.
  • Otero-Millan J, Macknik SL, Martinez-Conde S. Fixational eye movements and binocular vision. Front Integr Neurosci. 2014;8:52. doi:10.3389/fnint.2014.00052.
  • Martinez-Conde S. Fixational eye movements in normal and pathological vision. Prog Brain Res. 2006;154:151–176. doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)54008-7.
  • Martinez-Conde S, Otero-Millan J, Macknik SL. The impact of microsaccades on vision: towards a unified theory of saccadic function. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2013;14:83–96. doi:10.1038/nrn3405.
  • Rolfs M. Microsaccades: small steps on a long way. Vision Res. 2009;49:2415–2441. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2009.08.010.
  • Ciuffreda KJ, Kenyon RV, Stark L. Increased drift in amblyopic eyes. Br J Ophthalmol. 1980;64:7–14. doi:10.1136/bjo.64.1.7.
  • Ghasia FF, Otero-Millan J, Shaikh AG. Abnormal fixational eye movements in strabismus. Br J Ophthalmol. 2018;102:253–259. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-310346.
  • Tychsen L. Causing and curing infantile esotropia in primates: the role of decorrelated binocular input. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 2007;105:564–593.
  • Tychsen L, Richards M, Wong A, Foeller P, Bradley D, Burkhalter A. The neural mechanism for Latent (fusion maldevelopment) nystagmus. J Neuro-Ophthalmol. 2010;30:276–283. doi:10.1097/WNO.0b013e3181dfa9ca.
  • Shi XF, Xu LM, Li Y, Wang T, Zhao KX, Sabel BA. Fixational saccadic eye movements are altered in anisometropic amblyopia. Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2012;30:445–462. doi:10.3233/RNN-2012-129000.
  • Gonzalez EG, Wong AM, Niechwiej-Szwedo E, Tarita-Nistor L, Steinbach MJ. Eye position stability in amblyopia and in normal binocular vision. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012;53:5386–5394. doi:10.1167/iovs.12-9941.
  • Bedell HE, Flom MC. Bilateral oculomotor abnormalities in strabismic amblyopes: evidence for a common central mechanism. Doc Ophthalmol. 1985;59:309–321.
  • Schor C, Hallmark W. Slow control of eye position in strabismic amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1978;17:577–581.
  • Kelly KR, Cheng-Patel CS, Jost RM, Wang YZ, Birch EE. Fixation instability during binocular viewing in anisometropic and strabismic children. Exp Eye Res. Jul 10, 2018;S0014–4835(18)30324–5. [ [Epub ahead of print]]. doi:10.1016/j.exer.2018.07.013.
  • Rosenbaum AL, Santiago AP. Clinical Strabismus Management: Principles and Surgical Techniques. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1999.
  • Raveendran RN, Babu RJ, Hess RF, Bobier WR. Transient improvements in fixational stability in strabismic amblyopes following bifoveal fixation and reduced interocular suppression. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2014;34:214–225. doi:10.1111/opo.12119.
  • Otero-Millan J, Troncoso XG, Macknik SL, Serrano-Pedraza I, Martinez-Conde S. Saccades and microsaccades during visual fixation, exploration, and search: foundations for a common saccadic generator. J Vis. 2008;8(21):21. doi:10.1167/8.14.21.
  • McKee SP, Levi DM, Schor CM, Movshon JA. Saccadic latency in amblyopia. J Vis. 2016;16:3. doi:10.1167/16.5.3.
  • Niechwiej-Szwedo E, Goltz HC, Chandrakumar M, Hirji ZA, Wong AM. Effects of anisometropic amblyopia on visuomotor behavior, I: saccadic eye movements. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010;51:6348–6354. doi:10.1167/iovs.10-5882.
  • Niechwiej-Szwedo E, Chandrakumar M, Goltz HC, Wong AM. Effects of strabismic amblyopia and strabismus without amblyopia on visuomotor behavior, I: saccadic eye movements. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012;53:7458–7468. doi:10.1167/iovs.12-10550.
  • Kapoula Z, Bucci MP, Eggert T, Garraud L. Impairment of the binocular coordination of saccades in strabismus. Vision Res. 1997;37:2757–2766.
  • Maxwell GF, Lemij HG, Collewijn H. Conjugacy of saccades in deep amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1995;36:2514–2522.
  • Yang Q, Bucci MP, Kapoula Z. The latency of saccades, vergence, and combined eye movements in children and in adults. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002;43:2939–2949.
  • Meier K, Giaschi D. Unilateral amblyopia affects two eyes: fellow eye deficits in amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2017;58:1779–1800. doi:10.1167/iovs.16-20964.
  • Kiorpes L, Walton PJ, O’Keefe LP, Movshon JA, Lisberger SG. Effects of early-onset artificial strabismus on pursuit eye movements and on neuronal responses in area MT of macaque monkeys. J Neurosci. 1996;16:6537–6553.
  • Maunsell JH, van Essen DC. The connections of the middle temporal visual area (MT) and their relationship to a cortical hierarchy in the macaque monkey. J Neurosci. 1983;3:2563–2586.
  • Maunsell JH, Van Essen DC. Functional properties of neurons in middle temporal visual area of the macaque monkey. II. Binocular interactions and sensitivity to binocular disparity. J Neurophysiol. 1983;49:1148–1167. doi:10.1152/jn.1983.49.5.1148.
  • Maunsell JH, Van Essen DC. Functional properties of neurons in middle temporal visual area of the macaque monkey. I. Selectivity for stimulus direction, speed, and orientation. J Neurophysiol. 1983;49:1127–1147. doi:10.1152/jn.1983.49.5.1127.
  • Meier K, Partanen M, Giaschi D. Neural correlates of speed-tuned motion perception in healthy adults. Perception. 2018;47:660–683. doi:10.1177/0301006618771463.
  • Braddick OJ, O’Brien JM, Wattam-Bell J, Atkinson J, Turner R. Form and motion coherence activate independent, but not dorsal/ventral segregated, networks in the human brain. Curr Biol. 2000;10:731–734.
  • Watamaniuk SN, Sekuler R, Williams DW. Direction perception in complex dynamic displays: the integration of direction information. Vision Res. 1989;29:47–59.
  • Regan D, Hong XH. Visual acuity for optotypes made visible by relative motion. Optom Vis Sci. 1990;67:49–55.
  • Simmers AJ, Ledgeway T, Hess RF, McGraw PV. Deficits to global motion processing in human amblyopia. Vision Res. 2003;43:729–738.
  • Knox PJ, Ledgeway T, Simmers AJ. The effects of spatial offset, temporal offset and image speed on sensitivity to global motion in human amblyopia. Vision Res. 2013;86:59–65. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2013.04.003.
  • Meier K, Sum B, Giaschi D. Global motion perception in children with amblyopia as a function of spatial and temporal stimulus parameters. Vision Res. 2016;127:18–27. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2016.06.011.
  • Ho C, Paul P, Asirvatham A, Cavanagh P, Cline R, Giaschi D. Abnormal spatial selection and tracking in children with amblyopia. Vision Res. 2006;46:3274–3283. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2006.03.029.
  • Ho CS, Giaschi DE, Boden C, Dougherty R, Cline R, Lyons C. Deficient motion perception in the fellow eye of amblyopic children. Vision Res. 2005;45:1615–1627. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2004.12.009.
  • Giaschi D, Chapman C, Meier K, Narasimhan S, Regan D. The effect of occlusion therapy on motion perception deficits in amblyopia. Vision Res. 2015;114:122–134. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2015.05.015.
  • Hayward J, Truong G, Partanen M, Giaschi D. Effects of speed, age, and amblyopia on the perception of motion-defined form. Vision Res. 2011;51:2216–2223. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2011.08.023.
  • Birch E, Jost R, Wang Y-Z, Kelly K, Giaschi D. Impaired fellow eye motion perception and abnormal binocular function in amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2019. in press.
  • Repka MX, Kraker RT, Beck RW, et al. Monocular oral reading performance after amblyopia treatment in children. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008;146:942–947. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2008.06.022.
  • Stifter E, Burggasser G, Hirmann E, Thaler A, Radner W. Monocular and binocular reading performance in children with microstrabismic amblyopia. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005;89:1324–1329. doi:10.1136/bjo.2005.066688.
  • Stifter E, Burggasser G, Hirmann E, Thaler A, Radner W. Evaluating reading acuity and speed in children with microstrabismic amblyopia using a standardized reading chart system. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2005;243:1228–1235. doi:10.1007/s00417-005-1187-9.
  • Kanonidou E, Proudlock FA, Gottlob I. Reading strategies in mild to moderate strabismic amblyopia: an eye movement investigation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010;51:3502–3508. doi:10.1167/iovs.09-4236.
  • Kelly KR, Jost RM, De La Cruz B, et al. What Causes Slow Binocular Reading in Amblyopic children? American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus. Paper presented at The Annual Meeting of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus, San Diego; 2019.
  • Kelly KR, Jost RM, De La Cruz A, Birch EE. Amblyopic children read more slowly than controls under natural, binocular reading conditions. J Aapos. 2015;19:515–520. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2015.09.002.
  • Kelly KR, Jost RM, De La Cruz A, et al. Slow reading in children with anisometropic amblyopia is associated with fixation instability and increased saccades. J Aapos. 2017;21:447–451 e441. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2017.10.001.
  • Birch EE, Kelly KR. Pediatric ophthalmology and childhood reading difficulties: amblyopia and slow reading. J Aapos. 2017;21:442–444. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2017.06.013.
  • Koklanis K, Georgievski Z, Brassington K, Bretherton L. The prevalence of specific reading disability in an amblyopic population. A preliminary report. Binocul Vis Strabismus Q. 2006;21:27–32.
  • Birch EE, Castaneda YS, Cheng-Patel CS, et al. Self-perception of school-aged children with amblyopia and its association with reading speed and motor skills. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2018;137:167–174. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.5527.
  • Suttle CM, Melmoth DR, Finlay AL, Sloper JJ, Grant S. Eye-hand coordination skills in children with and without amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:1851–1864. doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6341.
  • Grant S, Suttle C, Melmoth DR, Conway ML, Sloper JJ. Age- and stereovision-dependent eye-hand coordination deficits in children with amblyopia and abnormal binocularity. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014;55:5687–57015. doi:10.1167/iovs.14-14745.
  • O’Connor AR, Birch EE, Anderson S, Draper H. Relationship between binocular vision, visual acuity, and fine motor skills. Optom Vis Sci. 2010;87:942–947. doi:10.1097/OPX.0b013e3181fd132e.
  • Buckley JG, Pacey IE, Panesar GK, Scally A, Barrett BT. Prehension of a flanked target in individuals with amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015;56:7568–7580. doi:10.1167/iovs.15-16860.
  • O’Connor AR, Birch EE, Anderson S, Draper H, Group FR. The functional significance of stereopsis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010;51:2019–2023. doi:10.1167/iovs.09-4434.
  • Grant S, Moseley MJ. Amblyopia and real-world visuomotor tasks. Strabismus. 2011;19:119–128. doi:10.3109/09273972.2011.600423.
  • Webber AL, Wood JM, Gole GA, Brown B. The effect of amblyopia on fine motor skills in children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008;49:594–603. doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0869.
  • Kelly KR, Morale SE, Felius J, Jost RM, Birch EE Amblyopia disrupts the development of eye-hand coordination. Paper presented at: AAPOS 2016; Vancouver, BC.
  • Kelly KR, Jost RM, De La Cruz A, Birch EE. Multiple-choice answer form completion time in children with amblyopia and strabismus. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2018;136:938–941. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.2295.
  • Webber AL, Wood JM, Thompson B. Fine motor skills of children with amblyopia improve following binocular treatment. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016;57:4713–4720. doi:10.1167/iovs.16-19797.
  • Grant S, Conway ML. Reach-to-precision grasp deficits in amblyopia: effects of object contrast and low visibility. Vision Res. 2015;114:100–110. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2014.11.009.
  • Grant S, Melmoth DR, Morgan MJ, Finlay AL. Prehension deficits in amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007;48:1139–1148. doi:10.1167/iovs.06-0976.
  • Niechwiej-Szwedo E, Goltz HC, Chandrakumar M, Hirji Z, Crawford JD, Wong AM. Effects of anisometropic amblyopia on visuomotor behavior, part 2: visually guided reaching. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:795–803. doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6092.
  • Niechwiej-Szwedo E, Goltz HC, Chandrakumar M, Hirji Z, Wong AM. Effects of anisometropic amblyopia on visuomotor behavior, III: temporal eye-hand coordination during reaching. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:5853–5861. doi:10.1167/iovs.11-7314.
  • Niechwiej-Szwedo E, Goltz HC, Chandrakumar M, Wong AM. Effects of strabismic amblyopia and strabismus without amblyopia on visuomotor behavior: III. Temporal eye-hand coordination during reaching. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014;55:7831–7838. doi:10.1167/iovs.14-15507.
  • Tarita-Nistor L, Brent MH, Markowitz SN, Steinbach MJ, Gonzalez EG. Maximum reading speed and binocular summation in patients with central vision loss. Can J Ophthalmol. 2013;48:443–449. doi:10.1016/j.jcjo.2013.04.005.
  • Gonzalez EG, Steeves JK, Kraft SP, Gallie BL, Steinbach MJ. Foveal and eccentric acuity in one-eyed observers. Behav Brain Res. 2002;128:71–80.
  • Kelly KR, McKetton L, Schneider KA, Gallie BL, Steeves JK. Altered anterior visual system development following early monocular enucleation. Neuroimage Clin. 2014;4:72–81. doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2013.10.014.
  • Nicholas JJ, Heywood CA, Cowey A. Contrast sensitivity in one-eyed subjects. Vision Res. 1996;36:175–180.
  • Reed MJ, Steeves JK, Steinbach MJ. A comparison of contrast letter thresholds in unilateral eye enucleated subjects and binocular and monocular control subjects. Vision Res. 1997;37:2465–2469.
  • Steeves JK, Wilkinson F, Gonzalez EG, Wilson HR, Steinbach MJ. Global shape discrimination at reduced contrast in enucleated observers. Vision Res. 2004;44:943–949. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2003.11.015.
  • Reed MJ, Steinbach MJ, Anstis SM, Gallie B, Smith D, Kraft S. The development of optokinetic nystagmus in strabismic and monocularly enucleated subjects. Behav Brain Res. 1991;46:31–42.
  • Gonzalez EG, Lillakas L, Lam A, Gallie BL, Steinbach MJ. Horizontal saccade dynamics after childhood monocular enucleation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54:6463–6471. doi:10.1167/iovs.13-12481.
  • Day S. Vision development in the monocular individual: implications for the mechanisms of normal binocular vision development and the treatment of infantile esotropia. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1995;93:523–581.
  • Birch EE, Li SL, Jost RM, et al. Binocular iPad treatment for amblyopia in preschool children. J Aapos. 2015;19:6–11. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2014.09.009.
  • Holmes JM, Manh VM, Lazar EL, et al. Effect of a binocular iPad game vs part-time patching in children aged 5 to 12 years with amblyopia: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2016;134:1391–1400. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2016.4262.
  • Kelly KR, Jost RM, Dao L, Beauchamp CL, Leffler JN, Birch EE. binocular iPad game vs patching for treatment of amblyopia in children: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2016;134:1402–1408. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2016.4224.
  • Kelly KR, Jost RM, Wang YZ, et al. Improved binocular outcomes following binocular treatment for childhood amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2018;59:1221–1228. doi:10.1167/iovs.17-23235.
  • Birch EE, Jost RM, De La Cruz A, et al. Bincular amblyopia treatment with contrast re-balanced movies. J Aapos. May 16, 2019;S1091–8531(19)30111–9. [ [Epub ahead of print]]. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2019.02.007.
  • Li SL, Reynaud A, Hess RF, et al. Dichoptic movie viewing treats childhood amblyopia. J Aapos. 2015;19:401–405. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2015.08.003.
  • Knox PJ, Simmers AJ, Gray LS, Cleary M. An exploratory study: prolonged periods of binocular stimulation can provide an effective treatment for childhood amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012;53:817–824. doi:10.1167/iovs.11-8219.
  • Gao TY, Guo CX, Babu RJ, et al. Effectiveness of a binocular video game vs placebo video game for improving visual functions in older children, teenagers, and adults with amblyopia: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2018;136:172–181. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.6090.
  • Manh VM, Holmes JM, Lazar EL, et al. A randomized trial of a binocular iPad game versus part-time patching in children aged 13 to 16 years with amblyopia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2018;186:104–115. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2017.11.017.
  • Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group, Holmes JM, Manny RE, et al. A randomized trial of binocular Dig Rush game treatment for amblyopia in children aged 7 to 12 years. Ophthalmology. 2019;126(3):456–466. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.10.032.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.