‘Sweeter’ than its name: anti-inflammatory activities of Stevia rebaudiana

References

• Aghajanyan A, Movsisyan Z, Trchounian A. 2017. Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activity of hydroponic Stevia rebaudiana aqueous extract in hyperglycemia induced by immobilization stress in rabbits. Biomed Res Int. 2017:9251358.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmad U, Ahmad RS. 2018. Antidiabetic property of aqueous extract of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves in Streptozotocin-induced diabetes in albino rats. BMC Complement Altern Med. 18(1):179.
   Google Scholar
• Ahmadian M, Suh JM, Hah N, Liddle C, Atkins AR, Downes M, Evans RM. 2013. PPARγ signaling and metabolism: the good, the bad and the future. Nat Med. 19(5):557–566.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akbarzadeh S, Eskandari F, Tangestani H, Bagherinejad ST, Bargahi A, Bazzi P, Daneshi A, Sahrapoor A, O'Connor WJ, Rahbar AR. 2015. The effect of Stevia rebaudiana on serum omentin and visfatin level in STZ-induced diabetic rats. J Diet Suppl. 12(1):11–22.
   Google Scholar
• Akihisa T, Hamasaki Y, Tokuda HM, Kimura Y, Nishino H. 2004. Microbial transformation of isosteviol and inhibitory effects on Epstein-Barr virus activation of the transformation products. J Nat Prod. 67(3):407–410.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Kharashi AS. 2018. Role of oxidative stress, inflammation, hypoxia and angiogenesis in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Saudi J Ophthalmol. 32(4):318–323.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alavala S, Sangaraju R, Nalban N, Sahu BD, Jerald MK, Kilari EK, Sistla R. 2019. Stevioside, a diterpenoid glycoside, shows anti-inflammatory property against dextran sulphate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 855:192–201.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ameer K, Chun BS, Kwon JH. 2017. Optimization of supercritical fluid extraction of steviol glycosides and total phenolic content from Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) leaves using response surface methodology and artificial neural network modeling. Ind Crops Prod. 109:672–685.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aranda-González I, Moguel-Ordoñez Y, Betancur-Ancona D. 2015. Validation of HPLC-UV method for determination of minor glycosides contained in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves. Biomed Chromatogr. 29(5):733–738.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aranda-González I, Moguel-Ordóñez Y, Chel-Guerrero L, Segura-Campos M, Betancur-Ancona D. 2016. Evaluation of the antihyperglycemic effect of minor steviol glycosides in normoglycemic and induced-diabetic Wistar rats. J Med Food. 19(9):844–852.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arango Duque G, Descoteaux A. 2014. Macrophage cytokines: involvement in immunity and infectious diseases. Front Immunol. 5:491.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arvelo F, Sojo F, Cotte C. 2016. Tumour progression and metastasis. Ecancermedicalscience. 10:617.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashwell M. 2015. Stevia, nature's zero-calorie sustainable sweetener: a new player in the fight against obesity. Nutr Today. 50(3):129–134.
   Google Scholar
• Assaei R, Mokarram P, Dastghaib S, Darbandi S, Darbandi M, Zal F, Akmali M, Ranjbar Omrani GH. 2016. Hypoglycemic effect of aquatic extract of stevia in pancreas of diabetic rats: PPARγ-dependent regulation or antioxidant potential. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol. 8(2):65–74.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Atteh J, Onagbesan O, Tona K, Decuypere E, Geuns J, Buyse J. 2008. Evaluation of supplementary Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) leaves and stevioside in broiler diets: effects on feed intake, nutrient metabolism, blood parameters and growth performance. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr. 92:640–649.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Audial S, Bonnotte B. 2015. Inflammation. Rev Prat. 65(3):403–408.
   Google Scholar
• Auyeung KK, Han QB, Ko JK. 2016. Astragalus membranaceus: a review of its protection against inflammation and gastrointestinal cancers. Am J Chin Med. 44(1):1–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Babakhanyan MA, Nahapetyan K, Hovhannisyan LE, Simonyan KV, Avetisyan LG, Avetisyan RA, Chavushyan VA. 2017. Wound healing potential of hydroponic Stevia rebaudiana in rats. Phys Med Rehab Res. 2(3):1–4.
   Google Scholar
• Barba FJ, Grimi N, Vorobiev E. 2015a. Evaluating the potential of cell disruption technologies for green selective extraction of antioxidant compounds from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves. J Food Eng. 149:222–228.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barba FJ, Koubaa M, Grimi N, Vorobiev E. 2017. Selective extraction of biocompounds from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves using electrotechnologies. In: Miklavcic Damijan, editor. Handbook of electroporation. Cham, Switzerland: Springer; p. 2751–2761. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26779-1_123-1.
   Google Scholar
• Barba FJ, Parniakov O, Pereira SA, Wiktor A, Grimi N, Boussetta N, Lebovka N. 2015b. Current applications and new opportunities for the use of pulsed electric fields in food science and industry. Food Res Int. 77:773–798.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartsch H, Nair J. 2006. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the genesis and perpetuation of cancer: role of lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and repair. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 391(5):499–510.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bender C, Graziano S, Zimmermann BF. 2015. Study of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni antioxidant activities and cellular properties. Int J Food Sci Nut. 66(5):553–558.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhattacharyya D, Ghanta S, Banerjee A, Chattopadhyay S. 2009. Stevia rebaudiana, a novel source of phytoceuticals with anticancer potential. Planta Med. 75(09):SL46.
   Google Scholar
• Bian X, Tu P, Chi L, Gao B, Ru H, Lu K. 2017. Saccharin induced liver inflammation in mice by altering the gut microbiota and its metabolic functions. Food Chem Toxicol. 107:530–539.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biswas SK. 2016. Does the interdependence between oxidative stress and inflammation explain the antioxidant paradox? Ox Med Cell Long. 2016:5698931.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boonkaewwan C, Burodom A. 2013. Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of stevioside and steviol on colonic epithelial cells. J Sci Food Agric. 93(15):3820–3825.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boonkaewwan C, Toskulkao C, Vongsakul M. 2006. Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of stevioside and its metabolite steviol on THP-1 cells. J Agric Food Chem. 54(3):785–789.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bovanová L, Brandšteterov E, Baxa S. 1998. HPLC determination of stevioside in plant material and food samples. Z Lebensm Unters Forsch. A. 207(5):352–355.
   Google Scholar
• Brahmachari G, Mandal LC, Roy R, Mondal S, Brahmachari AK. 2011. Stevioside and related compounds–molecules of pharmaceutical promise: a critical overview. Archiv Der Pharmazie. 344(1):5–19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bunprajun T, Yimlamai T, Soodvilai S, Muanprasat C, Chatsudthipong V. 2012. Stevioside enhances satellite cell activation by inhibiting of NF-κB signaling pathway in regenerating muscle after cardiotoxin-induced injury. J Agric Food Chem. 60(11):2844–2851.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carbonell-Capella JM, Šic Žlabur J, Rimac Brnčić S, Barba FJ, Grimi N, Koubaa M, Vorobiev E. 2017. Electrotechnologies, microwaves, and ultrasounds combined with binary mixtures of ethanol and water to extract steviol glycosides and antioxidant compounds from Stevia rebaudiana leaves. J Food Process Preserv. 41(5):e13179.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Care D. 2006. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 37(Suppl 1):S81–S90.
   Google Scholar
• Casas-Grajales S, Ramos-Tovar E, Chávez-Estrada E, Alvarez-Suarez D, Hernández-Aquino E, Reyes-Gordillo K, Cerda-García-Rojas CM, Camacho J, Tsutsumi V, Lakshman MR, et al. 2019a. Antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity induced by stevioside in liver damage: in vivo, in vitro and in silico assays. Life Sci. 224:187–196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casas-Grajales S, Reyes-Gordillo K, Cerda-García-Rojas CM, Tsutsumi V, Lakshman MR, Muriel P. 2019b. Rebaudioside A administration prevents experimental liver fibrosis: an in vivo and in vitro study of the mechanisms of action involved. J Appl Toxicol. 39(8):1118–1131.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chabner BA, Roberts TG. 2005. Chemotherapy and the war on cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 5(1):65–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang JC, Wu MC, Liu IM, Cheng JT. 2005. Increase of insulin sensitivity by stevioside in fructose-rich chow-fed rats. Horm Metab Res. 37(10):610–616.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chari RV. 2007. Targeted cancer therapy: conferring specificity to cytotoxic drugs. Acc Chem Res. 41:98–107.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatsudthipong V, Muanprasat C. 2009. Stevioside and related compounds: therapeutic benefits beyond sweetness. Pharmacol Ther. 121(1):41–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen J, Xia Y, Sui X, Peng Q, Zhang T, Li J, Zhang J. 2018. Steviol, a natural product inhibits proliferation of the gastrointestinal cancer cells intensively. Oncotarget. 9(41):26299–26308.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cho BO, Ryu HW, So Y, Cho JK, Woo HS, Jin CH, Seo KI, Park JC, Jeong IY. 2013. Anti-inflammatory effect of austroinulin and 6-O-acetyl-austroinulin from Stevia rebaudiana in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Food Chem Toxicol. 62:638–644.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi YH, Kim I, Yoon KD, Lee SJ, Kim CY, Yoo KP, Choi YH, Kim J. 2002. Supercritical fluid extraction and liquid chromatographic-electrospray mass spectrometric analysis of stevioside from Stevia rebaudiana leaves. Chromatographia. 55(9–10):617–620.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curry LL, Roberts A. 2008. Subchronic toxicity of rebaudioside A. Food Chem Toxicol. 46(7):S11–S20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Das K. 2013. Wound healing potential of aqueous crude extract of Stevia rebaudiana in mice. Rev Saude Publica. 23(2):351–357.
   Google Scholar
• Debnath M, Ashwath N, Hill CB, Callahan DL, Dias DA, Jayasinghe NS, Midmore DJ, Roessner U. 2018. Comparative metabolic and ionomic profiling of two cultivars of Stevia rebaudiana Bert. (Bertoni) grown under salinity stress. Plant Physiol Biochem. 129:56–70.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duncan BB, Schmidt MI, Pankow JS, Ballantyne CM, Couper D, Vigo A, Hoogeveen R, Folsom AR, Heiss G. 2003. Low-grade systemic inflammation and the development of type 2 diabetes: the atherosclerosis risk in communities’ study. Diabetes. 52:1799–1805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dyrskog SE, Jeppesen PB, Colombo M, Abudula R, Hermansen K. 2005. Preventive effects of a soy-based diet supplemented with stevioside on the development of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Metabolism. 54(9):1181–1188.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• [EFSA ANS Panel] EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources Added to Food. 2015. Scientific opinion on the safety of the proposed amendment of the specifications for steviol glycosides (E 960) as a food additive. EFSA J. 13(12):4316.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elhassaneen YA. 2019. Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) leaves: chemical composition, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activities, antihyperglycemic and antiatherogenic effects. J Stud Search Spec Edu. 5(1):157–180.
   Google Scholar
• Elnaga NA, Massoud MI, Yousef M I, Mohamed HH. 2016. Effect of stevia sweetener consumption as non-caloric sweetening on body weight gain and biochemical’s parameters in overweight female rats. Ann Agric Sci. 61(1):155–163.
   Google Scholar
• Eriko K, Norifumi S, Yuji O, Ken K, Osamu I, Kunio K, Fujino A, Ui M. 2003. Absorption and metabolism of glycosidic sweeteners of stevia mixture and their aglycone, steviol, in rats and humans. Food Chem Toxicol. 41(6):875–883.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erkucuk A, Akgun IH, Yesil-Celiktas O. 2009. Supercritical CO2 extraction of glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana leaves: identification and optimization. J Supercrit Fluids. 51(1):29–35.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fengyang L, Yunhe F, Bo L, Zhicheng L, Depeng L, Dejie L, Wen Z, Yongguo C, Naisheng Z, Xichen Z, et al. 2012. Stevioside suppressed inflammatory cytokine secretion by downregulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Inflammation. 35(5):1669–1675.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrazzano GF, Cantile T, Alcidi B, Coda M, Ingenito A, Zarrelli A, Di Fabio G, Pollio A. 2015. Is Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni a noncariogenic sweetener? A review. Molecules. 21(1):E38.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Formigoni M, Milani PG, da Silva Avíncola A, Dos Santos VJ, Benossi L, Dacome AS, Pilau EJ, da Costa SC. 2018. Pretreatment with ethanol as an alternative to improve steviol glycosides extraction and purification from a new variety of stevia. Food Chem. 241:452–459.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallo M, Formato A, Formato G, Naviglio D. 2018. Comparison between two solid-liquid extraction methods for the recovery of steviol glycosides from dried stevia leaves applying a numerical approach. Processes. 6(8):105.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallo M, Vitulano M, Andolfi A, DellaGreca M, Conte E, Ciaravolo M, Naviglio D. 2017. Rapid solid-liquid dynamic extraction (RSLDE): a new rapid and greener method for extracting two steviol glycosides (stevioside and rebaudioside A) from stevia leaves. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 72(2):141–148.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gans A. 2003 Oct 20. Method for treating wounds to promote healing. United States patent US 7,318,934.
   Google Scholar
• Garcia-Arroyo FE, Cristobal M, Arellano-Buendia AS, Osorio H, Tapia E, Soto V, Madero M, Lanaspa MA, Roncal-Jiménez C, Bankir L, et al. 2016. Rehydration with soft drink-like beverages exacerbates dehydration and worsens dehydration-associated renal injury. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 311(1):R57–R65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardana C, Simonetti P. 2018. Determination of steviol glycosides in commercial extracts of Stevia rebaudiana and sweeteners by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography Orbitrap mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 1578:8–14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gasmalla M, Yang R, Amadou I, Hua X. 2014. Nutritional composition of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaf: effect of drying method. Trop J Pharm Res. 13(1):61–65.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geeraert B, Crombé F, Hulsmans M, Benhabilès N, Geuns JM, Holvoet P. 2010. Stevioside inhibits atherosclerosis by improving insulin signaling and antioxidant defense in obese insulin-resistant mice. Int J Obes. 34(3):569–577.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Germano G, Allavena P, Mantovani A. 2008. Cytokines as a key component of cancer-related inflammation. Cytokine. 43(3):374–379.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geuns JM. 2003. Stevioside. Phytochem. 64(5):913–921.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geuns JM, Buyse J, Vankeirsbilck A, Temme EH. 2007. Metabolism of stevioside by healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Invest. 232(1):164–173.
   Google Scholar
• Gomes EN, Moterle D, Biasi LA, Koehler HS, Kanis LA, Deschamps C. 2018. Plant densities and harvesting times on productive and physiological aspects of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni grown in southern Brazil. An Acad Bras Cienc. 90(4):3249–3264.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gregersen S, Jeppesen PB, Holst JJ, Hermansen K. 2004. Antihyperglycemic effects of stevioside in type 2 diabetic subjects. Metabolism. 53(1):73–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grivennikov SI, Greten FR, Karin M. 2010. Immunity, inflammation, and cancer. Cell. 140(6):883–899.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gutiérrez DG, Muñoz-Schick M, Grossi MA, Rodríguezcravero JF, Morales V, Moreira-Muñoz A. 2016. The genus Stevia (Eupatorieae, Asteraceae) in Chile: a taxonomical and morphological analysis. Phytotaxa. 282(1):001–018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagiwara A, Fukushima S, Kitaori M, Shibata M, Ito N. 1984. Effects of three sweeteners on rat urinary bladder carcinogenesis initiated by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine. Gan. 75(9):763–768.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. 2011. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell. 144(5):646–674.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hegazy ME, Mohamed TA, ElShamy AI, Mohamed AE, Mahalel UA, Reda EH, Shaheen AM, Tawfik WA, Shahat AA, Shams KA, et al. 2015. Microbial biotransformation as a tool for drug development based on natural products from mevalonic acid pathway: a review. J Adv Res. 6(1):17–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holvoet P, Rull A, Garcia-Heredia A, Lopez-Sanroma S, Geeraert B, Joven J, Camps J. 2015. Stevia-derived compounds attenuate the toxic effects of ectopic lipid accumulation in the liver of obese mice: a transcriptomic and metabolomic study. Food Chem Toxicol. 77:22–33.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hossain MS, Alam MB, Asadujjaman M, Islam MM, Rahman MA, Islam MA, Islam A. 2011. Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of different fractions of Stevia rebaudiana leaves in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Int J Pharm Sci Res. 2(7):1722.
   Google Scholar
• Hossain F, Islam MT, Islam MA, Akhta S. 2017. Cultivation and uses of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni): a review. Afr J Food Agri Nut Dev. 17(04):12745–12757.
   Google Scholar
• Hotamisligil GS, Shargill NS, Spiegelman BM. 1993. Adipose expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha: direct role in obesity-linked insulin resistance. Science. 259(5091):87–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ijaz M, Pirzada AM, Saqib M, Latif M. 2015. Stevia rebaudiana: an alternative sugar crop in Pakistan–a review. J Med Spice Plants. 20(2):88–96.
   Google Scholar
• Ilić V, Vukmirović S, Stilinović N, Čapo I, Arsenović M, Milijašević B. 2017. Insight into anti-diabetic effect of low dose of stevioside. Biomed Pharmacother. 90:216–221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaitak V, Bikram Singh B, Kaul VK. 2009. An efficient microwave-assisted extraction process of stevioside and rebaudioside-A from Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni). Phytochem Anal. 20(3):240–245.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Javad S, Naz S, Ilyas S, Tariq A, Aslam F. 2014. Optimization of the microwave assisted extraction and its comparison with different conventional extraction methods for isolation of stevioside from Stevia rebaudiana. Asian J Chem. 26(23):8043–8048.
   Google Scholar
• [JECFA] Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, Compendium of Food Additive Specifications: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, 69th Meeting. 2008. Compendium of food additive specifications. FAO Food Nutr Pap. 52(2):783–1589.
   Google Scholar
• Jeppesen PB, Dyrskog SE, Agger A, Gregersen S, Colombo M, Xiao J, Hermansen K. 2006. Can stevioside in combination with a soy-based dietary supplement be a new useful treatment of type 2 diabetes? An in vivo study in the diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rat. Rev Diabet Stud. 3(4):189–199.
   Google Scholar
• Jeppesen PB, Gregersen S, Alstrup KK, Hermansen K. 2002. Stevioside induces antihyperglycaemic, insulinotropic and glucagonostatic effects in vivo: studies in the diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. Phytomedicine. 9(1):9–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeppesen P. B., Gregersen S., Rolfsen S. E., Jepsen M., Colombo M., Agger A., Xiao J., Kruhøffer M., Ørntoft T., Hermansen K. 2003. Antihyperglycemic and blood pressure-reducing effects of stevioside in the diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rat. Metabolism. 52(3):372–378.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang C, Ting AT, Seed B. 1998. PPAR-γ agonists inhibit production of monocyte inflammatory cytokines. Nature. 391(6662):82–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kienle U. 1990. Method of making a natural sweetener based on Stevia rebaudiana, and use thereof. United States patent US 5,112,610.
   Google Scholar
• Kinghorn AD. 2002. Stevia: the genus Stevia. London, UK: Taylor & Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Kinghorn AD, Soejarto DD. 1985. Current status of stevioside as a sweetening agent for human use. In: Wagner H, Hikino H, Farnsworth NR, editors. Progress in economic and medicinal plant research. Vol. 1. London: Academic Press; p. 1–52.
   Google Scholar
• Klaunig JE. 2018. Oxidative stress and cancer. Curr Pharm Des. 24(40):4771–4778.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Konoshima T, Takasaki M. 2002. Cancer-chemopreventive effects of natural sweeteners and related compounds. Pure Appl Chem. 74(7):1309–1316.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovačević BD, Barba FJ, Granato D, Galanakis CM, Herceg Z, Dragović-Uzelac V, Putnik P. 2018. Pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) for the green recovery of bioactive compounds and steviol glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves. Food Chem. 254:150–157.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovylyaeva GI, Bakaleinik GA, Strokina IY, Gubskaya VI, Sharipova RR, Alfonsov VA, Kataev VE, Tolstikov AG. 2007. Glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana. Chem Nat Compd. 43(1):81–85.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koyama E, Kitazawa K, Ohori Y, Izawa O, Kakegawa K, Fujino A, Ui M. 2003. In vitro metabolism of the glycosidic sweeteners, stevia mixture and enzymatically modified stevia in human intestinal microflora. Food Chem Toxicol. 41(3):359–374.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kujur RS, Singh V, Ram M, Yadava HN, Singh KK, Kumari S, Roy BK. 2010. Antidiabetic activity and phytochemical screening of crude extract of Stevia rebaudiana in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Pharmacognosy Res. 2(4):258–263.
   Google Scholar
• Kunnumakkara AB, Sailo BL, Banik K, Harsha C, Prasad S, Gupta SC, Bharti AC, Aggarwal BB. 2018. Chronic diseases, inflammation, and spices: how are they linked? J Transl Med. 16(1):14.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Latha S, Chaudhary S, Ray SR. 2017. Hydroalcoholic extract of Stevia rebaudiana bert. leaves and stevioside ameliorates lipopolysaccharide induced acute liver injury in rats. Biomed Pharmacother. 95:1040–1050.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lemus-Mondaca R, Ah-Hen K, Vega-Gálvez A, Honores C, Moraga NO. 2016. Stevia rebaudiana leaves: effect of drying process temperature on bioactive components, antioxidant capacity and natural sweeteners. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 71(1):49–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lemus-Mondaca R, Vega-Gálvez A, Rojas P, Stucken K, Delporte C, Valenzuela-Barra G, Pasten A. 2018. Antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory potential of Stevia rebaudiana leaves: effect of different drying methods. J Appl Res Med Aroma Plants. 11:37–46.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis WH. 1992. Early uses of Stevia rebaudiana (Asteraceae) leaves as a sweetener in Paraguay. Eco Bot. 46(3):336–337.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li J, Chen Z, Di D. 2012. Preparative separation and purification of rebaudioside A from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni crude extracts by mixed bed of macroporous adsorption resins. Food Chem. 132(1):268–276.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Z, Fan Y, Xi J. 2019. Recent advances in high voltage electric discharge extraction of bioactive ingredients from plant materials. Food Chem. 277:246–260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li W, Khor TO, Xu C, Shen G, Jeong WS, Yu S, Kong AN. 2008. Activation of Nrf2-antioxidant signaling attenuates NFκB-inflammatory response and elicits apoptosis. Biochem Pharmacol. 76(11):1485–1489.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li CL, Tan LH, Wang YF, Luo CD, Chen HB, Lu Q, Li YC, Yang XB, Chen JN, Liu YH, et al. 2019. Comparison of anti-inflammatory effects of berberine, and its natural oxidative and reduced derivatives from Rhizoma Coptidis in vitro and in vivo. Phytomedicine. 52:272–283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li W, Zhang S, Liu H, Wang L, Zhang C, Leng J, Yu Z, Yang X, Tian H, Hu G. 2014. Different associations of diabetes with beta-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance among obese and nonobese Chinese women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 37(9):2533–2539.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Libby P, Ridker PM, Maseri A. 2002. Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Circulation. 105(9):1135–1143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim JH, Jono H, Komatsu K, Woo CH, Lee J, Miyata M, Matsuno T, Xu X, Huang Y, Zhang W, et al. 2012. CYLD negatively regulates transforming growth factor-β-signalling via deubiquitinating Akt. Nat Commun. 3(1):771.
   Google Scholar
• Liu Q, Hu H, Hu T, Han T, Wang A, Huang L, Tan Q, Tan W. 2018. STVNa attenuates right ventricle hypertrophy and pulmonary artery remodeling in rats induced by transverse aortic constriction. Biomed Pharmacother. 101:371–378.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu J, Li JW, Tang J. 2010. Ultrasonically assisted extraction of total carbohydrates from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni and identification of extracts. Food Bioprod Process. 88(2–3):215–221.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lohner V, Brookes RL, Hollocks MJ, Morris RG, Markus HS. 2017. Apathy, but not depression, is associated with executive dysfunction in cerebral small vessel disease. PLoS ONE. 12:0176943.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• López V, Pérez S, Vinuesa A, Zorzetto C, Abian O. 2017. Stevia rebaudiana ethanolic extract exerts better antioxidant properties and antiproliferative effects in tumour cells than its diterpene glycoside stevioside. Food Funct. 7(4):2107–2113.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma Q. 2013. Role of nrf2 in oxidative stress and toxicity. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 53:401–426.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma J, Ma Z, Wang J, Milne RW, Xu D, Davey AK, Evans AM. 2007. Isosteviol reduces plasma glucose levels in the intravenous glucose tolerance test in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Diabetes Obes Metab. 9(4):597–599.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marques-Vidal P, Schmid R, Bochud M, Bastardot F, Von Känel R, Paccaud F, Glaus J, Preisig M, Waeber G, Vollenweider P. 2012. Adipocytokines, hepatic and inflammatory biomarkers and incidence of type 2 diabetes. the CoLaus study. PLoS ONE. 7(12):e51768.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martyn D, Darch M, Roberts A, Lee HY, Yaqiong Tian T, Kaburagi N, Belmar P. 2018. Low-/No-Calorie sweeteners: a review of global intakes. Nutrients. 10(3):357.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masuda T, Yamashita D, Maekawa T, Sone Y, Yamaguchi H, Takeda Y, Yamana T. 2006. Identification of antioxidative compounds from Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana). Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku kaogaku kaishi. 53(12):597–602.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medon PJ, Pezzuto JM, Hovanecbrown J, Nanayakkara NPD, Soejarto DD, Kamath SK, Kinghoen AD. 1982. Safety assessment of some Stevia rebaudiana sweet principles. Fed Proc. 41(5):1568–1568.
   Google Scholar
• Medzhitov R. 2010. Inflammation 2010: new adventures of an old flame. Cell. 140(6):771–776.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meng J, Zhou CH, Hu B, Luo M, Wu H, Yang Y, Wang W, Jiang G, Hong J, Li S, et al. 2018. Stevioside prevents wear particle-induced osteolysis by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and inflammatory response via the suppression of TAK1 activation. Front Pharmacol. 9:1053.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Misra H, Soni M, Silawat N, Mehta D, Mehta BK, Jain DC. 2011. Antidiabetic activity of medium-polar extract from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bert (Bertoni) on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 3(2):242.
   Google Scholar
• Mizushina Y, Akihisa T, Ukiya M, Hamasaki Y, Murakami-Nakai C, Kuriyama I, Takeuchi T, Sugawara F, Yoshida H. 2005. Structural analysis of isosteviol and related compounds as DNA polymerase and DNA topoisomerase inhibitors. Life Sci. 77(17):2127–2140.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Momtazi-Borojeni AA, Esmaeili SA, Abdollahi E, Sahebkar A. 2017. A review on the pharmacology and toxicology of steviol glycosides extracted from Stevia rebaudiana. Curr Pharm Des. 23(11):1616–1622.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Musharraf SG, Najeeb A, Khan S, Pervez M, Ali RA, Choudhary MI. 2010. Microbial transformation of 5α-hydroxycaryophylla-4 (12), 8(13)-diene with Macrophomina phaseolina. J Mol Ca B: Enzymatic. 66(1–2):156–160.
   Google Scholar
• Naviglio D, Scarano P, Ciaravolo M, Gallo M. 2019. Rapid solid-liquid dynamic extraction (RSLDE): a powerful and greener alternative to the latest solid-liquid extraction techniques. Foods. 8(7):245.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nettleton JE, Klancic T, Schick A, Choo AC, Shearer J, Borgland SL, Chleilat F, Mayengbam S, Reimer RA. 2019. Low-dose stevia (Rebaudioside A) consumption perturbs gut microbiota and the mesolimbic dopamine reward system. Nutrients. 11(6):1248.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nordentoft I, Jeppesen PB, Hong J, Abudula R, Hermansen K. 2008. Isosteviol increases insulin sensitivity and changes gene expression of key insulin regulatory genes and transcription factors in islets of the diabetic KKAy mouse. Diabetes Obes Metab. 10(10):939–949.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohtani K, Yamasaki K. 2004. Methods to improve the taste of the sweet principles of Stevia rebaudiana. Cheminform. 35(17):1–10.
   Google Scholar
• Olsson K, Carlsen S, Semmler A, Simón E, Mikkelsen MD, Møller BL. 2016. Microbial production of next-generation stevia sweeteners. Micro Cell Fact. 15(1):207.
   Google Scholar
• Ozbayer C, Kurt H, Kalender S, Ozden H, Gunes HV, Basaran A, Cakmak EA, Civi K, Kalender Y, Degirmenci I. 2011. Effects of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) extract and N-nitro-L-arginine on renal function and ultrastructure of kidney cells in experimental type 2 diabetes. J Med Food. 14(10):1215–1222.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozdemir C, Arslaner A, Ozdemir S, Allahyari M. 2015. The production of ice cream using stevia as a sweetener. J Food Sci Technol. 52(11):1–4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pacifici RE, Davies KJA. 1991. Protein, lipid and DNA repair systems in oxidative stress: the free-radical theory of aging revisited. Gerontology. 37(1–3):166–180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parshikov IA, Netrusov AI, Sutherland JB. 2012. Microbial transformation of antimalarial terpenoids. Biotechnol Adv. 30(6):1516–1523.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pasquel A, Meireles MAA, Marques MOM, Petenate AJ. 2000. Extraction of stevia glycosides with CO2 + water, CO2 + ethanol, and CO2 + water + ethanol. Braz J Chem Eng. 17(3):271–282.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul S, Sengupta S, Bandyopadhyay TK, Bhattacharyya A. 2012. Stevioside induced ROS-mediated apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Nutr Cancer. 64(7):1087–1094.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Periche A, Castelló ML, Heredia A, Escriche I. 2015. Influence of drying method on steviol glycosides and antioxidants in Stevia rebaudiana leaves. Food Chem. 172:1–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perrier JD, Mihalov JJ, Carlson SJ. 2018. FDA regulatory approach to steviol glycosides. Food Chem Toxicol. 122:132–142.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perumal V, Manickam T, Bang KS, Velmurugan P, Oh BT. 2016. Antidiabetic potential of bioactive molecules coated chitosan nanoparticles in experimental rats. Int J Biol Macromol. 92:63–69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Philippaert K, Pironet A, Mesuere M, Sones W, Vermeiren L, Kerselaers S, Pinto S, Segal A, Antoine N, Gysemans C, et al. 2017. Steviol glycosides enhance pancreatic beta-cell function and taste sensation by potentiation of TRPM5 channel activity. Nat. Commun. 8:14733.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips KC. 1987. Stevia: steps in developing a new sweetener. In: Grenby TH, editor. Developments in sweeteners -3. London: Elsevier Applied Science; p. 1-43.
   Google Scholar
• Pillon Barcelos R, Freire Royes LF, Gonzalez-Gallego J, Bresciani G. 2017. Oxidative stress and inflammation: liver responses and adaptations to acute and regular exercise. Free Rad Res. 51(2):222–236.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pól J, Varadová Ostrá E, Karásek P, Roth M, Benesová K, Kotlaríková P, et al. 2007. Comparison of two different solvents employed for pressurised fluid extraction of stevioside from Stevia rebaudiana: methanol versus water. Anal Bioanal Chem. 388(8):1847–1857.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prakash I, Dubois GE, Clos JF, Wilkens KL, Fosdick LE. 2008. Development of rebiana, a natural, non-caloric sweetener. Food Chem Toxicol. 46(7):S75–S82.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prata C, Zambonin L, Rizzo B, Maraldi T, Angeloni C, Vieceli Dalla Sega F, Fiorentini D, Hrelia S. 2017. Glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni possess insulin-mimetic and antioxidant activities in rat cardiac fibroblasts. Ox Med Cell Long. 2017:3724545.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramesh K, Singh V, Megeji NW. 2006. Cultivation of Stevia [Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni]: a comprehensive review. Adv Agro. 89(05):137–177.
   Google Scholar
• Ramos-Tovar E, Flores-Beltrán RE, Galindo-Gómez S, Vera-Aguilar E, Diaz-Ruiz A, Montes S, Camacho J, Tsutsumi V, Muriel P. 2018a. Stevia rebaudiana tea prevents experimental cirrhosis via regulation of NF-kappaB, Nrf2, transforming growth factor beta, Smad7, and hepatic stellate cell activation. Phytother Res. 32(12):2568–2576.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramos-Tovar E, Hernández-Aquino E, Casas-Grajales S, Buendia-Montano LD, Galindo-Gomez S, Camacho J, Tsutsumi V, Muriel P. 2018b. Stevia prevents acute and chronic liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride by blocking oxidative stress through nrf2 upregulation. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018:3823426.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao GN, Rao PP, Balaswamy K, Satyanarayama A. 2014. Antioxidant activity of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana L.) leaf powder and a commercial stevioside powder. J Food Pharmaceut Sci. 2(2):32–38.
   Google Scholar
• Raskovic A, Gavrilovic M, Jakovljevic V, Sabo J. 2004. Glucose concentration in the blood of intact and alloxan-treated mice after pretreatment with commercial preparations of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni). Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 29(2):87–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy SP, Britto R, Vinnakota K, Aparna H, Sreepathi HK, Thota B, Kumari A, Shilpa BM, Vrinda M, Umesh S, Samuel C. 2008. Novel glioblastoma markers with diagnostic and prognostic value identified through transcriptome analysis. Clin Cancer Res. 14:2978–2987.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts A, Munro I. 2009. Stevioside and related compounds: therapeutic benefits beyond sweetness. Pharmacol Ther. 122(3):e1–2.
   Google Scholar
• Roberts A, Renwick AG. 2008. Comparative toxicokinetics and metabolism of rebaudioside A, stevioside, and steviol in rats. Food Chem Tox. 46(7):S31–S39.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rojas E, Bermudez V, Motlaghzadeh Y, Mathew J, Fidilio E, Faria J, Rojas J, de Bravo MC, Contreras J, Mantilla LP, et al. 2018. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni and its effects in human disease: emphasizing its role in inflammation, atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome. Curr Nutr Rep. 7(3):161–170.
   Google Scholar
• Ross R. 1999. Atherosclerosis – an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med. 340(2):115–126.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruiz-Ruiz JC, Moguel-Ordonez YB, Segura-Campos MR. 2017. Biological activity of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni and their relationship to health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 57(12):2680–2690.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saravanan R, Vengatash babu K, Ramachandran V. 2012. Effect of Rebaudioside A, a diterpenoid on glucose homeostasis in STZ-induced diabetic rats. J Physiol Biochem. 68(3):421–431.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sehar I, Kaul A, Bani S, Pal HC, Saxena AK. 2008. Immune up regulatory response of a non-caloric natural sweetener, stevioside. Chem Biol Interact. 173(2):115–121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shacter E, Weitzman SA. 2002. Chronic inflammation and cancer. Oncology. 16(2):217–229.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma M, Thakral NK, Thakral S. 2009. Chemistry and in vivo profile of ent-kaurene glycosides of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni – an overview. Nat Prod Rad. 8(2):181–189.
   Google Scholar
• Sharma R, Yadav R, Manivannan E. 2012. Study of effect of Stevia rebaudiana bertoni on oxidative stress in type-2 diabetic rat models. Biomed Aging Pathol. 2(3):126–131.
   Google Scholar
• Shibata H, Sawa Y, Oka T, Sonoke S, Kim KK, Yoshioka M. 1995. Steviol and steviol-glycoside: glucosyltransferase activities in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni-purification and partial characterization. Arch Biochem Biophys. 321(2):390–396.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shivanna N, Naika M, Khanum F, Kaul VK. 2013. Antioxidant, anti-diabetic and renal protective properties of Stevia rebaudiana. J Diabetes Complications. 27(2):103–113.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shoelson SE, Lee J, Goldfine AB. 2006. Inflammation and insulin resistance. J Clin Invest. 116(7):1793–1801.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh S, Garg V, Yadav D. 2013. Antihyperglycemic and antioxidative ability of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) leaves in diabetes induced mice. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 5(2):297–302.
   Google Scholar
• Singh SD, Rao GP. 2005. Stevia: the herbal sugar of 21st century. Sugar Tech. 7(1):17–24.
   Google Scholar
• Siraj ES, Pushpanjali K, Manoranjitha BS. 2019. Efficacy of stevioside sweetener on pH of plaque among young adults. Dent Res J. 16(2):104–109.
   Google Scholar
• Soejarto DD, Compadre CM, Medon PJ, Kamath SK, Kinghorn AD. 1983. Potential sweetening agents of plant origin. II. field search for sweet-tasting Stevia species. Econ Bot. 37(1):71–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suanarunsawata T, Klongpanichapaka S, Rungseesantivanona S, Chaiyabutrb N. 2004. Glycemic effect of stevioside and Stevia rebaudiana in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. East J Med. 9(2):51–56.
   Google Scholar
• Suez J, Korem T, Zeevi D, Zilberman-Schapira G, Thaiss CA, Maza O, Israeli D, Zmora N, Gilad S, Weinberger A, et al. 2014. Artificial sweeteners induce glucose intolerance by altering the gut microbiota. Nature. 514(7521):181–186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suez J, Korem T, Zilberman-Schapira G, Segal E, Elinav E. 2015. Non-caloric artificial sweeteners and the microbiome: findings and challenges. Gut Microbes. 6(2):149–155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sumon MH, Mostofa M, Jahan MS, Kayesh M, Haque MA. 2008. Comparative efficacy of powdered form of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) leaves and glimepiride in induced diabetic rats. Bangl J Vet Med. 6(2):211–215.
   Google Scholar
• Sun X, Yang Y, Xie Y, Shi X, Huang L, Tan W. 2018. Protective role of STVNa in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting mitochondrial fission. Oncotarget. 9(2):1898–1905.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Suttajit M, Vinitketkaumnuen U, Meevatee U, Buddhasukh D. 1993. Mutagenicity and human chromosomal effect of stevioside, a sweetener from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Environ Health Perspect. 101(Suppl 3):53–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tan S, Shibuta Y, Tanaka O. 1988. Isolation of sweetener from Stevia rebaudiana. Jpn Kokai. 63(177):764.
   Google Scholar
• Tandel KR. 2011. Sugar substitutes: health controversy over perceived benefits. J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2(4):236–243.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tang SG, Liu XY, Ye JM, Hu TT, Yang YY, Han T, Tan W. 2018. Isosteviol ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats by inhibiting ERK and NF-kappaB signaling pathways. J Endocrinol. 238(1):47–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teo CC, Tan SN, Yong JW, Hew CS, Ong ES. 2009. Validation of green-solvent extraction combined with chromatographic chemical fingerprint to evaluate quality of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. J Sep Sci. 32(4):613–622.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomita T, Sato N, Arai T, Shiraishi H, Sato M, Takeuchi M, Kamio Y. 1997. Bactericidal activity of a fermented hot-water extract from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni towards enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157: H7 and other food-borne pathogenic bacteria. Microbiol Immunol. 41(12):1005–1009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toskulkac C, Chaturat L, Temcharoen P, Glinsukon T. 1997. Acute toxicity of stevioside, a natural sweetener, and its metabolite, steviol, in several animal species. Drug Chem Toxicol. 20(1–2):31–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toyoda K, Matsui H, Shoda T, Uneyama C, Takada K, Takahashi M. 1997. Assessment of the carcinogenicity of stevioside in F344 rats. Food Chem Toxicol. 35(6):597–603.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsalamandris S, Antonopoulos AS, Oikonomou E, Papamikroulis GA, Vogiatzi G, Papaioannou S, Deftereos S, Tousoulis D. 2019. The role of inflammation in diabetes: current concepts and future perspectives. Eur Cardiol. 14(1):50–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vamanu E, Pelinescu D, Gatea F, Sârbu I. 2019. Altered in vitro metabolomic response of the human microbiota to sweeteners. Genes. 10(7):535.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaněk T, Nepovı&´m A, Valı&´ček P. 2001. Determination of stevioside in plant material and fruit teas. J Food Comp Anal. 14(4):383–388.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wald JP, Morlock GE. 2017. Quantification of steviol glycosides in food products, Stevia leaves and formulations by planar chromatography, including proof of absence for steviol and isosteviol. J Chromatogr A. 1506:109–119.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang QP, Browman D, Herzog H, Neely GG. 2018. Non-nutritive sweeteners possess a bacteriostatic effect and alter gut microbiota in mice. PLoS ONE. 13(7): e0199080.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang T, Guo M, Song X, Zhang Z, Jiang H, Wang W, Fu Y, Cao Y, Zhu L, Zhang N. 2014b. Stevioside plays an anti-inflammatory role by regulating the NF-kappaB and MAPK pathways in S. aureus-infected mouse mammary glands. Inflammation. 37(5):1837–1846.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang T, Song X, Zhang Z, Guo M, Jiang H, Wang W, Cao Y, Zhu L, Zhang N. 2014a. Stevioside inhibits inflammation and apoptosis by regulating TLR2 and TLR2-related proteins in S. aureus-infected mouse mammary epithelial cells. Int Immunopharm. 22(1):192–199.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wheeler A, Boileau AC, Winkler PC, Compton JC, Prakash I, Jiang X, Mandarino DA. 2008. Pharmacokinetics of rebaudioside A and stevioside after single oral doses in healthy men. Food Chem Toxicol. 46(7):S54–S60.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wingard RE, Brown JP, Enderlin FE, Dale JA, Hale RL, Seitz CT. 1980. Intestinal degradation and absorption of the glycosidic sweeteners stevioside and rebaudioside A. Experientia. 36(5):519–520.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wölwer-Rieck U. 2012. The leaves of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni), their constituents and the analyses thereof: a review. J Agric Food Chem. 60(4):886–895.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood HB, Allerton R, Diehl HW, Fletcher HG. 1955. Stevioside. I. The structure of the glucose moieties. J Org Chem. 20(7):875–883.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xin Q, Bai B, Liu W. 2017. The analgesic effects of oxytocin in the peripheral and central nervous system. Neurochem Int. 103:57–64.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu P, Hua D, Ma C. 2007. Microbial transformation of propenylbenzenes for natural flavour production. Trends Biotechnol. 25(12):571–576.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yadav SK, Guleria P. 2012. Steviol glycosides from Stevia: biosynthesis pathway review and their application in foods and medicine. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 52(11):988–998.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yasukawa K, Kitanaka S, Seo S. 2002. Inhibitory effect of stevioside on tumor promotion by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in two-stage carcinogenesis in mouse skin. Biol Pharm Bull. 25(11):1488–1490.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yildiz-Ozturk E, Nalbantsoy A, Tag O, Yesil-Celiktas O. 2015. A comparative study on extraction processes of Stevia rebaudiana leaves with emphasis on antioxidant, cytotoxic and nitric oxide inhibition activities. Ind Crops Prod. 77:961–971.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yingkun N, Zhenyu W, Jing L, Xiuyun L, Huimin Y. 2013. Stevioside protects LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Inflammation. 36(1):242–250.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoda SK, Marques MO, Petenate AJ, Meireles M. 2003. Supercritical fluid extraction from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni using CO2 and CO2+water: extraction kinetics and identification of extracted components. J Food Eng. 57(2):125–134.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang SQ, Kumar A, Kutowy O. 2000. Membrane-based separation scheme for processing sweeteners from stevia leaves. Food Res Int. 33(7):617–620.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang H, Zhong K, Lu M, Mei Y, Tan E, Sun X. 2018. Neuroprotective effects of isosteviol sodium through increasing CYLD by the downregulation of miRNA-181b. Brain Res Bull. 140:392–401.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhong J, Gong Q, Mima A. 2017. Inflammatory regulation in diabetes and metabolic dysfunction. J Diabetes Res. 2017:5165268.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar