Assessment and Treatment of Children with Congenital Muscular Torticollis

References

• Jones P G. Torticollis in Infancy and Childhood. Charles C Thomas, Springfield, IL 1968
   Google Scholar
• Hinder H, F-ng G D, Gaiscr J F, et al. Congenital muscular torticollis: results of conservative management with long-term follow-up in 85 cases. Arch Pliys Mad Rtihabii 1987; 68: 222–225
   Google Scholar
• Shapiro U. Relationship between vertical facial asymmetry and postural changes of the spine and ancillary muscles. Optometry and Vision Science. 1994; 71(8)529–538
   Google Scholar
• Woifort F G, Kanter M A, Miller L B. Torticollis. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1989; 84: 682–692
   Google Scholar
• Morrison D L, MacFwen G D. Congenital muscular torticollis: observations regarding clinical finds, associated conditions, and results of treatment. Pediatr Orthop. 1982; 2: 500–505
   Google Scholar
• Kendallr T, McCreary E K, Provance P G. Muscles Testing and Function4th Hd. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD 1993
   Google Scholar
• Ling C M, Low V S. Stemomastoid tumor and muscular torticollis. Cliii Orthopaed Rel Research. 1972; 86: 144–150
   Google Scholar
• MacDonald D. Stemomastoid tumor and muscular torticollis. Bone Joint Surg. 1969; 5I(B)432
   Google Scholar
• Anderson W. Clinical lecture on stemomastoid torticollis. Lancet. 1893; 1: 9
   Google Scholar
• Rucdniann A D. Scoliosis and vertical ocular muscle imbalance. Arch Oph-thalmol. 1956; 56: 389–414
   Google Scholar
• Kapandji I A. 77”? Physiology of the Joints Vol 3. The Trunk and Vertebral Column2nd ed. Churchill Livingstone, LondonUK 1974
   Google Scholar
• Upledgcr J R, Vrcdcvoogd J D. Craniosaaal Therapy. East-land Press, Seattle, WA 1983
   Google Scholar
• Ferte A D. The role of the platysma muscle in torticollis deformity. Plastic Reconstructive Surgery. 1947; 2: 72
   Google Scholar
• Caputo A R, Mickey K J, Guo S, et al. The sit-up test: an alternate clinical test for evaluating pedialric torticollis. Pediatrics. 1992; 90: 612–614
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin E R, Wagner R S. Occular torticollis. Survey of Ophthalmology. 1986; 30: 366–376
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruno R, Emilio C C, Carlo C. Plagiocephaiy causing superior oblique deficiency and occular torticollis. Archives Ophthalmology. 1982; 100: 1093–1096
   Google Scholar
• Vander Koik C A, Carson B S. Lambdoid synostosis. Cruniofdcial Surgery. 1994; 21: 575–584
   Google Scholar
• Coventry M B, Harris L F. Congenital muscular torticollis in infancy. J Hone Joint Surg. 1959; 41(A)815
   Google Scholar
• I'Oole M D, Cmggs M. The cranio-facio-ccrvical scoliosis complex. Sir J Plastic Surg. 1990; 43: 670–675
   Google Scholar
• Putnam G D, Postletlvwuite K R, Chate R A, et al. Facial scoliosis a diagnostic dilemma. Int J Oral Maxilhfac Surg. 1993; 22: 324–327
   Google Scholar
• Ferkel R D, Westin G W, Dawson E G. Muscular torticollis. J Bone Joint Surg. 1983; 65(7)894–900
   Google Scholar
• Cloni G, Picclitl H F R. Pre-lerm and early post-term motor behavior in low-risk premature infants. Early Human Development. 1990; 23: 159–191
   Google Scholar
• Fmcry C. The determinants of treatment duration for congenital muscular torticollis. Phys Tfier. 1994; 74: 921–929
   Google Scholar
• Yoiidas J W, Carey J R, Carrett T R. Reliability of measurements of cervical spine range of motion-comparison of three methods. Phys Thar. 1991; 71: 98–106
   Google Scholar
• Campbell S K, Kolobe T H A, Osten E T, et al. Construct validity of the Test of Infant Motor Performance. Phys The? 1995; 75: 585–596
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellison P H, Horn J L, Browning C A. Construction of an Infant Neurological International Battery (1NFAN1B) for the assessment of neurological integrity in infancy. Phys Then 1985; 65: 1326–1331
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King-Thomas L, Hacker B J. A Therapist's Guide to Pädiatrie Assessment. Little, Brown, and Company, Boston, MA 1987; 185–189
   Google Scholar
• Chandler L S, Andrews M S, Swanson M W. Movement Assessment of Infants: A Manual. Rolling Bay, WA 1980
   Google Scholar
• Bayley N. Bayley II. Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX 1994
   Google Scholar
• Andre-Thomas Chesni Y, Dargassies S S. The Neurological Examination of the Infant. National Spastics Society, LondonUK 1960; 11–50
   Google Scholar
• Connolly B H, Montgomery P C. Therapeutic Exercise in Developmental Disabilities. Chattanooga Corporation, Chattanooga, TN 1987; 55–73
   Google Scholar
• Mazzini L, Schieppati M. Short-latency neck muscle responses to vertical body tilt in normal subjects and in patients with spasmodic torticollis. Electroen-cephahgr din Neurophysiol. 1994; 93: 265–275
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dutia M B. The muscles and joints of the neck: their specialisation and role in head movement. Prog Neurobiol. 1991; 37: 165–178
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davids J R, Wenger O R, Mubarak S H. Congenital muscular torticollis: sequela of intrauterine or perinatal component syndrome. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics. 1993; 13: 141–147
   Google Scholar
• Mirabelli L. Pain management. Neurological Rehabilitation, D A Umphred. CV Mosby Company, St. Louis, Mo 1985; 600–615
   Google Scholar
• Wilbarger P. Planning an adequate sensory diet, application of sensory processing theory during the first year of life. Zero to Three. September, 1994; 7–12
   Google Scholar
• Shumway-Cook A, Woollacotl M. The growth of stability: postural control from a developmental perspective. J. Motor Behavior. 1985; 17: 131–147
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shumway-Cook A, Woollacotl M. Theoretical issues in assessing postural control. Physical Therapy Assessment in Early Infancy, I J Wilhelm. Churchill Livingstone, New York, NY 1993; 161–171
   Google Scholar
• Campbell S K. The child's development of functional movement. Physical Therapy for Children, S K Campbell, D W Vander Linden, R J Palisano. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA 1994; 3–37
   Google Scholar
• Girolami G L, Campbell S K. Efficacy of a Nemo-developmental Treatment Program to Improve Motor Control in Infants Born Prematurely. Pediatric Physical Therapy; 1994; 6: 175–184
   Google Scholar
• Sullivan P R, Markos P D, Minor M A. An Integrated Approach to Therapeutic Exercise. Rcston Publishing Company, Reston, VA 1982
   Google Scholar
• Kcldenkrais M. Awareness Through Movement. Harper and Row Publishers, New York, NY 1977
   Google Scholar
• Brentlenkamp J K, Maccri D P. Inflammatory torticollis in children. Arch Otohuyngol Head Neck Surg. 1990; 116: 310–313
   Google Scholar
• Tom L W C, Rossiter J R, et al. Torticollis in children. Oialaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1991; 105: 1–5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar