Epidemiologic Studies of PCB Congener Profiles in North American Fish Consuming Populations

References

• Government Services of Canada . 1997 . Canadian Arctic Contaminants Assessment Report Edited by: Jensen , J , Adare , K and Shearer , R . Ottawa Ont K1A 0H4, , Canada : Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development .
   Google Scholar
• Burkow , I and Kallenborn , R . 2000 . Sources and transport of persistent pollutants to the Arctic . Tox Lett , 112 ( 3 ) : 87 – 92 . [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bright , DA , Grundy , SL and Reimer , KJ . 1995 . Differential bioaccumulation of non-ortho-substituted and other PCB congeners in coastal Arctic invertebrates and fish . Env Sci Tech , 29 : 2504 – 2512 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bright , DA , Dushenko , WT , Grundy , SL and Reimer , KJ . 1995 . Evidence for short range transport of PCBs in the Canadian Arctic using congener signatures of PCBs in soil . Sci Total Env , 160/161 : 251 – 263 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bright , DA , Dushenko , WT , Grundy , SL and Reimer , KJ . 1995 . Effects of local and distant contaminant sources: PCBs and other organochlorines in bottom dwelling animals from an Arctic estuary . Sci Total Envn , 160/161 : 265 – 283 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grundy , SL , Bright , DA , Dushenko , WT and Reimer , KJ . 1996 . Weathering and dispersal of PCBs from a known source in the Canadian Arctic . Env Sci Tech , 30 ( 9 ) : 2661 – 2666 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bright , DA , Cretney , WJ , MacDonald , RW , Ikonomou , MG and Grundy , SL . 1999 . Differentiation of PCDD and PCDF sources in coastal British Columbia, Canada . Env Tox Chem , 18 ( 6 ) : 1097 – 1108 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ottar , B . 1981 . The transport of airborn pollutants to the Arctic region . Atmosph Environ , 15 : 1439 – 1445 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harner , T , Kylin , H , Bidleman , TF and Strachan , WMJ . 1998 . Hexachlorocyclohexane in air in South Norway: temporal variation, source allocations and temperature dependence . Env Sci Tech , 32 : 217 – 224 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiu , A , Chiu , N , Beaubier , N , Beaubier , J , Nalesnik , R , Singh , D , Hill , WR , Lau , C and Riebow , J . 2000 . Effects and mechanisms of PCB ecotoxicity in food chains: algae ⇒ fish ⇒ seal ⇒ polar bear . Env Carcinog Ecotox Rev , 18/2 ( 2000 ) : 127 – 152 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Hill , WR and Napolitano , GE . 1998 . PCB congener accumulation by periphyton, herbivores, and omnivores . Arch Environ Contam Toxicol (US) , 32 ( 4 ) : 449 – 552 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gooch , JW , Elskus , AA , Kloepper-Sams , PJ , Hahn , ME and Stegeman , JJ . 1989 . Effects of ortho- and non-ortho polychlorinated biphenyl congeners on the hepatic monooxygenase system in Scup (Stenotomus chrysops) . Tox Appl Pharm , 98 : 422 – 433 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muir , DCG , Norstrom , RJ and Simon , M . 1988 . Organochlorine contaminants in Arctic marine food chains: accumulation of specific polychlorinated biphenyls and chlordane related compounds . Env Sci Tech , 22 : 1071 – 1079 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , D , Becerra , M , Kopec , D and Echols , S . 1998 . GC/MS analysis of PCB congeners in blood of harbor seal Phoca vitulina from San Francisco Bay . Chemosphere , 37 ( 4 ) : 711 – 733 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helle , E , Olsson , M and Jenssen , S . 1976 . DDT and PCB levels and reproduction in ringed seal from Bothnia Bay . Ambio , 5 : 188 – 189 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Helle , E , Olsson , M and Jenssen , S . 1976 . PCB levels correlated with changes in seal uteri . Ambio , 5 : 261 – 263 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Bergman , A and Olsson , M . 1985 . Pathology of the Baltic grey and ringed seal females with special reference to adrenocortical hyperplasia: is environmental pollution the cause of a widely distributed disease syndrome . Finn Game Res , 44 : 47 – 62 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Hobson , KA and Welsh , HE . 1992 . Determination of trophic relationship within a high Arctic marine food web using δ13C and δ15N . Mar Ecol Prog Ser , 84 : 9 – 18 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norstrom , RJ . 1994 . Chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants in the Arctic marine environment Dioxin 94, Department of Environment Sanitary Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan . Organohalog Compd , 20 : 541 – 545 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Harremoës , P , Gee , D , MacGarvin , M , Stirling , A , Keys , J , Wynne , B and Vaz , SG , eds. 2001 . “ European Environment Agency Late Lessons from Early Warnings: The Precautionary Principle 1896–2000 ” . Copenhagen : Denmark .
   Google Scholar
• Bergman , A . 1998 . Health condition of the Baltic grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) during two decades: gynaecological health improvement but increased prevalence of colonic ulcers . APMIS , 651 ( 2 ) [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, Ottawa . Canadian Arctic Contaminants Assessment Report , Ministry of Public Works and Government Services, Canada, 1997
   Google Scholar
• Kuhnlein , HV . 1995 . Benefits and risks of traditional food by the Nuxalk native people of British Columbia . Ecol Food Nutr , 27 : 259 – 282 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• April 2001 . “ ISAPI ” . In Human Exposure Evaluation of Chemical Contaminants in Seafood Collected in the Vicinity of Tyonek, Seldovia, Port Graham, Nanwalek in Cook Inlet, Alaska April , US EPA 910-R-01-003
   Google Scholar
• Kuhnlein , HV and Chan , HM . 2000 . Environment and contaminants in traditional food systems of northern indigenous people . Ann Rev Nutr , 20 : 595 – 626 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reynolds , L . 1984 . Indian hunting and fishing rights: the role of tribal sovereignty and preemption . North Carolina Law Review , 62 : 743 – 793 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Wolfe , RJ and Utermohle , CJ . Wild Food Consumption Rate Estimates for Rural Alaska Populations , Technical paper no 261—prepared for the Alaska Department of Environment Conservation, Contaminated Sites Program Wild Food Consumption Rates Estimates, No 1800086 . Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Subsistence, Juneau, Alaska, 2000
   Google Scholar
• Jacobson , JL , Humphrey , HEB and Jacobson , SW . 1989 . Determination of PCBs, PBBs and DDT levels in the sera of young children . Am J Pub Health , 79 : 1401 – 1404 . etal. [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhnlein , HV , Receveur , O , Morrison , NE , Aooavii , DM , Soueida , R and Pierrot , P . 1995 . Dietary nutrients of Sahtú Dene/Métis vary by food source, season and age . Ecol Food Nutr , 34 : 183 – 189 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Muir , DCG and Norstrom , RJ . 2000 . Geographical differences and time trends of persistent organic pollutants . Arctic Tox Lett , 112 ( 3 ) : 93 – 101 . [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chan , HM , Berti , PR , Receveur , O and Kuhnlein , HV . 1997 . Evaluation of the population distribution of dietary contaminant exposure in an Arctic population using Monte Carlo statistics . Env Health Persp , 105 ( 3 ) : 316 – 321 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan , HM , EL Khoury , M , Sedgemore , M , Sedgemore , S and Kuhnlein , HV . 1996 . Organochlorine pesticides and PCB congeners in ooligan geese; a traditional food fat of British Columbia First Nations . J Food Comp Anal , 9 ( 1 ) : 32 – 33 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Chan , HM , Kim , C , Khoday , K , Receveur , O and Kuhnlein , HV . 1995 . Assessment of dietary exposure to trace metals in Baffin Inuit food . Env Health Persp , 103 ( 7–8 ) : 740 – 746 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan , HM , Receveur , O and Kuhnlein , HV . 1995 . Assessment of Effects of Preparation on Levels of Organic Contaminants in Inuit Traditional Food In Synopsis of Research Conducted Under the 1994/5 Northern Contaminants Program Environmental Studies No 7 Edited by: Murray , JL , Shearer , RG and Han , SL . 323 – 331 . Ottawa, , Canada : Indian North Aff. Canada .
   Google Scholar
• McNair , PL . 1971 . Descriptive notes on the Kwakitul manufacture of eulachon oil . Syesis , 4 : 169 – 177 .
   Google Scholar
• Kritchevsky , D . 2001 . Caloric restriction and cancer . J Nutr Sci Vitaminol Feb (Tokyo) , 47 ( 1 ) : 13 – 19 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tannenbaum , A . 1942 . The genesis and growth of tumors. III. Effects of a high-fat diet . Cancer Res , 2 : 468 – 475 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Tannenbaum , A . 1945 . The dependence of tumor formation on the composition of the calorie-restricted diet as well as on the degree of restriction . Cancer Res , 5 : 616 – 625 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tannenbaum , A . 1947 . Effects of varying caloric intake upon tumor incidence and tumor growth . Ann NY Acad Sci , 49 : 5 – 17 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tannenbaum , A . 1953 . “ Nutrition and cancer. Chapter 12 ” . In The Physiopathology of Cancer Edited by: Homeburger , F . 517 – 562 . Hoeber-Harper .
   Google Scholar
• Tannenbaum , A . 1954 . Dietary factors in carcinogenesis . Acta Unio Int Contra Cancrum , 10 ( 3 ) : 117 – 122 . PMID: 14361196 [PubMed][CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tannenbaum , A and Silverstone , H . 1953 . Nutrition in relation to cancer . Adv Cancer Res , 1 : 451 – 501 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tannenbaum , A and Silverstone , H . 1957 . “ Nutrition and the genesis of tumors. Chapter 9 ” . In Cancer Edited by: Raven , RW . Vol. 3 , 306 – 334 . London : Butterworth & Co. Ltd. .
   Google Scholar
• McGregor , M . 1981 . Native medicine in Southeast Alaska: Tsimshian, Tlingit, Haida . Alaska Med , 23 ( 6 ) : 65 – 69 . [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hansen , LG . 1998 . Stepping backwards to improve assessment of PCB congener toxicities . Env Health Persp , 106 : 171 – 189 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen , LG . 1999 . “ The Ortho side of PCBs: Occurrence and Disposition ” . Boston : Kluwer Academic Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Gerstenberger , SL , Dellinger , JA and Hansen , LG . 2000 . Concentrations and frequencies of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in a native American population that consumes great lake fishes . Clin Tox , 38 ( 7 ) : 729 – 746 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerstenberger , SL , Travis , DR , Hansen , LG , Pratt-Shelley , J and Dellinger , JA . 1997 . Concentrations of blood and hair mercury and serum PCBs in an Ojibwa population that consumes Great Lakes Region fish . Clin Tox , 35 ( 4 ) : 377 – 386 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerstenberger , SL , Gallinat , MP and Dellinger , JA . 1997 . PCB congeners and selected organochlorines in Lake Superior fish, USA . Env Tox Chem , 16 ( 11 ) : 2222 – 2228 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Letcher , RJ , Norstrom , RJ and Muir , DCG . 1998 . Biotransformation versus bioaccumulation: sources of methyl sulfone PCB and 44′DDE metabolites in the polar bear food chain . Env Sci Tech , 32 : 1656 – 1661 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphrey , HEB , Gardiner , JC and Pandya , JR . 2000 . PCB congener profiles in the serum of humans consuming Great Lakes fish . Env Health Persp , 69 : 468 – 475 . etal. [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , HA , Falk , C , Hanrahan , L , Olson , J , Burse , VW , Needham , L , Paschal , D , Patterson Hill , RD Jr and and The Great Lakes Consortium . 1998 . Profiles of great lakes critical pollutants: a sentinel analysis of human blood and urine . Env Health Persp , 106 ( 5 ) : 279 – 289 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burse , VW , Groce , DF and Caudill , SP . 1991 . Determination of PCB levels in the serum of residents and in the homogenate of seafood from the New Bedford, Massachusetts area: a comparison of exposure sources through pattern recognition technique . Sci Tot Env , 144 : 153 – 177 . etal.
   Google Scholar
• Bush , B , Snow , J , Connor , S and Koblintz , R . 1984 . PCB congeners, pp′DDE and HCB in maternal and fetal cord blood of mothers in upstate NY . Arch Env Contmn Tox , 13 : 517 – 527 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dar , E , Kanarek , MS , Anderson , HA and Sonzogni , WC . 1992 . Fish consumption and reproductive outcome in Green Bay, Wisconsin . Environ Res , 59 : 189 – 201 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphrey , HEB , Gardiner , JC and Pandya , JR . 2000 . PCB congeners profile in the serum of humans consuming Great Lakes fish . Env Health Persp , 69 : 468 – 475 . etal. [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Jacobson , JL , Humphrey , HEB and Jacobson , SW . 1989 . Determination of PCBs, PBBs and DDT levels in the sera of young children . Am J Pub Health , 79 : 1401 – 1404 . etal. [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sonzogni , W , Maack , L and Gibson , T . 1991 . PCB congeners in blood of Wisconsin sport fish consumers . Arch Environ Contmn Tox , 20 : 56 – 60 . etal. [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schantz , SL , Gasior , DM , Polverejan , E , McCaffrey , RJ , Sweeney , AM , Humphrey , HEB and Gardiner , JC . 2001 . Impairments of memory and learning in older adults exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls via consumption of Great Lakes fish . Env Health Persp , 109 ( 6 ) : 605 – 611 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar