230
Views
39
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Invited systematic review

Prevalence of refractive errors in children in India: a systematic review

, , , , &
Pages 495-503 | Received 13 Jun 2017, Accepted 21 Mar 2018, Published online: 15 Apr 2021

REFERENCES

  • Dandona L, Dandona R. Estimation of global visual impairment due to uncorrected refractive error. Bull World Health Organ 2008; 86: B–C.
  • Pratt C, Bryant P. Young children understanding that looking leads to knowing (so long as they are looking into a single barrel). Child Dev 1990; 61: 973–982.
  • Packwood EA, Cruz OA, Rychwalski PJ et al. The psychosocial effects of amblyopia study. J AAPOS 1999; 3: 15–17.
  • Dandona R, Dandona L, Srinivas M et al. Refractive error in children in a rural population in India. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2002; 43: 615–622.
  • Murthy GVS, Gupta SK, Ellwein LB et al. Refractive error in children in an urban population in New Delhi. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2002; 43: 623–631.
  • Dandona R, Dandona L, Srinivas M et al. Population‐based assessment of refractive error in India: the Andhra Pradesh eye disease study. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2002; 30: 84–93.
  • Baltussen R, Naus J, Limburg H. Cost‐effectiveness of screening and correcting refractive errors in school children in Africa, Asia, America and Europe. Health Policy 2009; 89: 201–215.
  • Limburg H, Vaidyanathan K, Dalal HP. Cost‐effective screening of schoolchildren for refractive errors. World Health Forum 1995; 16: 173–178.
  • Jose R, Sachdeva S. School eye screening and the National Program for Control of Blindness. Indian Pediatr 2009; 46: 205–208.
  • Munn Z, Moola S, Riitano D et al. The development of a critical appraisal tool for use in systematic reviews addressing questions of prevalence. Int J Health Policy Manag 2014; 3: 123–128.
  • Barendregt JJ, Doi SA, Lee YY et al. Meta‐analysis of prevalence. J Epidemiol Community Health 2013; 67: 974–978.
  • Higgins JP, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta‐analysis. Stat Med 2002; 21: 1539–1558.
  • Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ et al. Measuring inconsistency in meta‐analyses. BMJ 2003; 327: 557–560.
  • Bandrakalli P, Ganekal S, Jhanji V et al. Prevalence and causes of monocular childhood blindness in a rural population in southern India. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2012; 49: 303–307.
  • Singh MM, Murthy GV, Venkatraman R et al. A study of ocular morbidity among elderly population in a rural area of Central India. Indian J Ophthalmol 1997; 45: 61–65.
  • Ganekal S, Jhanji V, Liang Y et al. Prevalence and etiology of amblyopia in Southern India: results from screening of school children aged 5‐15 years. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2013; 20: 228–231.
  • Ambika K, Nair NP. A study on awareness of primary school teachers regarding refractive errors and its early identification among primary school children. Int J Nurs Educ 2013; 5: 6–9.
  • Saxena R, Vashist P, Tandon R et al. Accuracy of visual assessment by school teachers in school eye screening program in Delhi. Indian J Community Med 2015; 40: 38–42.
  • Rewri P, Kakkar M, Raghav D. Self‐vision testing and intervention seeking behavior among school children: a pilot study. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2013; 20: 315–320.
  • Priya A, Veena K, Thulasiraj R et al. Vision screening by teachers in southern Indian schools: testing a new “all class teacher” model. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2015; 22: 60–65.
  • Limburg H, Kansara HT, D'souza S. Results of school eye screening of 5.4 million children in India‐‐a five‐year follow‐up study. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1999; 77: 310–314.
  • Gupta Y, Sukul RR, Gupta M et al. School eye survey in rural population in UP, India. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2011; 3: 78–79.
  • Rustagi N, Uppal Y, Taneja DK. Screening for visual impairment: outcome among schoolchildren in a rural area of Delhi. Indian J Ophthalmol 2012; 60: 203–206.
  • Gupta M, Gupta BP, Chauhan A et al. Ocular morbidity prevalence among school children in Shimla, Himachal, North India. Indian J Ophthalmol 2009; 57: 133–138.
  • Ajith S, Sandhya R. To study the prevalence of refractory errors in school children. Res J Pharm, Biol Chem Sci 2015; 6: 2024–2027.
  • Nirmalan PK, Vijayalakshmi P, Sheeladevi S et al. The Kariapatti pediatric eye evaluation project: baseline ophthalmic data of children aged 15 years or younger in Southern India. Am J Ophthalmol 2003; 136: 703–709.
  • Ahmed I, Mian S, Mudasir S et al. Prevalence of myopia in students of Srinagar city of Kashmir, India. Int J Health Sci 2008; 2: 77–81.
  • Basu M, Das P, Pal R et al. Spectrum of visual impairment among urban female school students of Surat. Indian J Ophthalmol 2011; 59: 475–479.
  • Ghosh S, Mukhopadhyay U, Maji D et al. Visual impairment in urban school children of low‐income families in Kolkata, India. Indian J Public Health 2012; 56: 163–167.
  • Kalikivayi V, Naduvilath TJ, Bansal AK et al. Visual impairment in school children in southern India. Indian J Ophthalmol 1997; 45: 129–134.
  • Padhye AS, Khandekar R, Dharmadhikari S et al. Prevalence of uncorrected refractive error and other eye problems among urban and rural school children. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2009; 16: 69–74.
  • Saxena R, Vashist P, Tandon R et al. Prevalence of myopia and its risk factors in urban school children in Delhi: the North India Myopia Study (NIM Study). PLoS One 2015; 10: e0117349.
  • Seema S, Vashisht BM, Meenakshi K et al. Magnitude of refractive errors among school children in a rural block of Haryana. Internet J Epidemiol 2009; 6: doi: 10.5580/1e5f.
  • Uzma N, Kumar BS, Khaja mohinuddin salar BM et al. A comparative clinical survey of the prevalence of refractive errors and eye diseases in urban and rural school children. Can J Ophthalmol 2009; 44: 328–333.
  • Wu PC, Huang HM, Yu HJ et al. Epidemiology of Myopia. Asia‐Pac J Ophthalmol (Philadelphia, Pa) 2016; 5: 386–393.
  • Ramamurthy D, Lin chua SY, Saw SM. A review of environmental risk factors for myopia during early life, childhood and adolescence. Clin Exp Optom 2015; 98: 497–506.
  • Negrel AD, Maul E, Pokharel GP et al. Refractive error study in children: sampling and measurement methods for a multi‐country survey. Am J Ophthalmol 2000; 129: 421–426.
  • Manny RE, Fern KD, Zervas HJ et al. 1 per cent Cyclopentolate hydrochloride: another look at the time course of cycloplegia using an objective measure of the accommodative response. Optom Vis Sci 1993; 70: 651–665.
  • Rose KA, Morgan IG, Ip J et al. Outdoor activity reduces the prevalence of myopia in children. Ophthalmology 2008; 115: 1279–1285.
  • Mutti DO, Mitchell GL, Jones LA et al. Accommodation, acuity, and their relationship to emmetropization in infants. Optom Vis Sci 2009; 86: 666–676.
  • Leat SJ. To prescribe or not to prescribe? Guidelines for spectacle prescribing in infants and children. Clin Exp Optom 2011; 94: 514–527.
  • Williams WR, Latif AH, Hannington L et al. Hyperopia and educational attainment in a primary school cohort. Arch Dis Child 2005; 90: 150–153.
  • WHO. Elimination of avoidable visual disability due to refractive error. Report of an Informal Planning Meeting. pp. 6–10.
  • Murthy G. Vision testing for refractive errors in schools. ‘Screening’ Programmes in Schools. Community Eye Health 2000; 13: 3–5.
  • Bhandari P. Refining state level comparisons in India. Planning Commission, Government of India, Working Paper Series. 2012.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.