Immunological Changes After Both Exercise and Activity in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

References

• Wessely SC, Sharpe MC, Hotopf M. Chronic fatigue and its syndromes. Ox-ford: Oxford University Press, 1998.
   Google Scholar
• Fukuda K, Straus SE, Hickie I, Sharpe MC, Dobbins JG, Komaroff A. The chronic fatigue syndrome: A comprehensive approach to its definition and study. Inter-national Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study Group. Ann Intern Med 1994;121:953–959.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reeves WC, Lloyd A, Vernon SD, Klimas N, Jason LA, Bleijenberg G, Evengard B, White PD, Nisenbaum R, Unger ER. Identification of ambiguities in the 1994 chronic fatigue syndrome research case definition and recommendations for res-olution. BMC Health Services Research 2003;3:25 (published 31 December 2003). http://www.biomedcentral.com11472-6963/3/25
   Google Scholar
• Ur E, White P, Grossman A. Hypothesis: Cytokines may be activated to cause depressive illness and chronic fatigue syndrome. Eur Arch Psych Clin Neurosci 1992;241:317–322.
   Google Scholar
• Barker E, Fujimura SF, Fadem MB, Landay AL, Levy JA. Immunologic abnor-malities associated with chronic fatigue syndrome. Clin Infect Dis 1994;18 Suppl 1:136–141.
   Google Scholar
• Bennet AL, Chao CC, Hu S, Buchwald D, Fagioli LR, Schur PH, Peterson PK, Komaroff AL. Elevation of bioreactive transforming growth factor-beta in serum from patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. J Clin Immunol 1997;17:60–66.
   Google Scholar
• Chao CC, Janoff EN, Hu SX, Thomas K, Gallagher M, Tsang M, Peterson PK. Altered cytokine release in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures from patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome. Cytokine 1991;3:292–298.
   Google Scholar
• Patarca R, Klimas NG, Lugtendorf S, Antoni M, Fletcher MA. Dysregulated ex-pression of tumor necrosis factor in chronic fatigue syndrome: Interrelations with cel-lular sources and patterns of soluble immune mediator expression. Clin Infect Dis 1994;8 (Suppl 1);5147–153.
   Google Scholar
• Peterson PK, Sin SA, Grammith FC, Schenck CH, Pheley AM, Hu S et al. Ef-fects of mild exercise on cytokines and cerebral blood flow in chronic fatigue syn-drome patients. Clin Diag Lab Immunol 1994;1:222–226.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Swanink CMA, Vercoulen JHMIM, Galana JMD, Roos MTL, Meyaard L, van der Ven-Jongekrijg J et al. Lymphocyte subsets, apoptosis, and cytokines in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. J Infect Dis 1996;173:460–463.
   Google Scholar
• Buchwald D, Wener MH, Pearlman T, Kith P. Markers of inflammation and im-mune activation in chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome. J Rheumatol 1997; 24:372–376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inoue K, Yamazaki H, Manabe Y, Fukuda C, Hanai K, Fushiki T. Transforming growth factor-beta activated during exercise in brain depresses spontaneous motor ac-tivity of animals: Relevance to central fatigue. Brain Res 1999;846:145–153.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LaManca JJ, Sisto SA, Zhou X, Ottenweiler JE, Cook S, Peckerman A et al. Im-munological response in chronic fatigue syndrome following a graded exercise test to exhaustion. J Clin Immunol 1999;19:135–142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lloyd A, Gandevia S, Brockman A, Hales J, Wakefield D. Cytokine production and fatigue in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and healthy control subjects in response to exercise. Clin Infect Dis 1994;18 (suppl 1):S142–146.
   Google Scholar
• Cannon JG, Angel JB, Ball RW, Abad LW, Fagioli L, Komaroff AL. Acute phase response and cytokine secretion in chronic fatigue syndrome. J Clin Immunol 1999;19:414–421.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sorensen B, Streib JE, Strand M, Make B, Giclas PC, Fleshner M, Jones JF. Complement activation in a model of chronic fatigue syndrome. J Allerg Clin Immunol 2003;112:397–403.
   Google Scholar
• Moldoveanu AT, Shephard RJ, Shek PN. Exercise elevates plasma levels but not gene expression of IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha in blood mononuclear cells. J Appl Physiol 2000; 89:1499–1504.
   Google Scholar
• Fulcher KY, White PD. Strength and physiological response to exercise in pa-tients with chronic fatigue syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000; 69:302–327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inbar 0, Dlin R, Rotstein A, Whipp BJ. Physiological responses to incremental exercise in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001; 33:1463–1470.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans WJ, Meredith CN, Cannon JG, Dinarello CA, Frontera WR, Hughes VA et al. Metabolic changes following eccentric exercise in trained and untrained men. J Appl Physiol 1986;61:1864–1868.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shek PN, Shephard RJ. Physical exercise as a human model of limited inflam-matory response. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2001;76:589–597.
   Google Scholar
• Shephard RJ. Chronic fatigue syndrome: An update. Sports Med 2001; 31:167–194.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• First MB et al. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders: Re-search Version (SCID-I/P). New York: Biometrics Research, 1996.
   Google Scholar
• Chalder T, Berelowitz G, Pawlikowska T et al. Development of a fatigue scale. J Psychosom Res 1993;37:147–153.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ware JE, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-item short form health survey (SF36). Med Care 1992;30:473–483.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melzack R. The McGill pain questionnaire: Major properties and scoring meth-ods. Pain 1975;1:277–299.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dantzer R. Cytokine-induced sickness behavior: Where do we stand? Brain Behav Immunol 2001;15:7–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manabe Y, Yamazaki H, Fukuda C, Inoue K, Fushiki T, Hanai K. Determina-tion of TGF-f3-like activity in the rat cerebrospinal fluid after exhaustive exercise using anti-TGF- f3 IgG and the Hydra bioassay. Biomed Res 2000;21:191–196.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moldoveanu AT, Shephard RJ, Shek PN. The cytokine response to physical ac-tivity and training. Sports Med 2001;31:115–144.
   Google Scholar