REFERENCES
- Laskin D M, Block S. Diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain dysfunction [MBD] syndrome. J Prosthet Dent 1986; 56(1)75–84
- Mannheimer J S, Rossenthal R M. Acute and chronic postural abnormalities as related to craniofacial pain and temporomandibular disorders. Dental Clinics North America 1991; 35(1)185–207
- Pal G P, Sherk W H. The vertical stability of the cervical spine. Spine 1988; 13(5), 447
- Darling D W, Kraus S, Glasheen-Wray M B. Relationship of head posture and rest position of mandible. J Prosthet Dent 1984; 52: 111–115
- Kritsineli M, Shim Y S. Malocclusion, body posture and temporomandibular disorder in children with primary and mixed dentition. J Clin Pediatr Dent 1992; 16(2)86–93
- Kendall H, Kendall F. Developing and maintaining good posture. Physical Therapy 1968; 48: 319–336
- Ormeno G, Miralles R, Loyola R, Valunzuela S, et al. Body position effects on EMG activity of the temporal and suprahyoid muscles in the subjects and in patients with myogenic cranio-cervical-mandibular dysfunction. Cranio 1999; 17(2)132–142
- Rocabado M. Arthrokinematics of temporomandibular joint. Dent Clin North Am 1983; 27: 573–594
- McLean L F, Brenman J H, Friedman M G. Effects of changing body position on dental occlusion. J Den Res 1973; 52, 1041
- Nicolakis P, Erdogmuϱ B, Kopf A, Ansari A D, et al. Exercise therapy for craniomandibular disorders. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2000; 81: 1137–1142
- Braun L B. Postural differences between asymptomatic men and women and craniofacial pain patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1991; 72: 653–656
- Solberg W K. Temporomandibular disorders: physical tests in diagnosis. British Dental Journal 1986; 19: 273–278
- Griegel-Morris P, Larson K, Mueller-Klaus K, Oatis C A. Incidence of common postural abnormalities in the cervical, shoulder, and thoracic regions and their association with pain in two age groups of healthy subjects. Physical Therapy 1992; 72: 425–431
- Fuentes R, Freesmeyer W, Henriquez J. Influence of body posture in the prevalence of craniomandibular dysfunction. Rev Med Chil 1999; 127(9)1079–1085
- Hackney J, Bade D, Clawson A. Relationship between forward head posture and diagnosed internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint. J Orofac Pain 1993; 7(4)386–390
- Darlow L, Pesco J, Greenberg M. The relationship of posture to myofacial pain dysfunction sendrome. JADA 1987; 114: 73–75
- Dieck G S, Kelsey J L, Goel V K, Panjabi M M. An epidemiologic study of the relationship between postural asymmetry in the teen years and subsequent back and neck pain. Spine 1985; 10(10)872–877
- Ayub E, Glasheen-Wray M B, Kraus S. Head posture: a case study of effects on rest position of mandible. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1984; 5: 179–183
- Lee W Y, Okeson J P, Lindroth J. The relationship between forward head posture and temporomandibular disorders. J Orofac Pain 1995; 9(2)161–167
- Sonnesen L, Bakke M, Solow B. Temporomandibular disorders in relation to craniofacial dimensions, head posture and bite force in children selected for orthodontic treatment. Eur J Orthod 2001; 23(2)179–192
- Zuniga C, Miralles R, Mena B, Montt R. Influence of variation in jaw posture on sternocleidomastoid and trapezius electromyographic activity. Cranio 1995; 13(3)157–162
- Glaros A G, Glass E G, Brockman D. Electromyographic data from TMD patients with myofacial pain and from matched control subjects: Evidence for statistical, not clinical, significance. J Orofac Pain 1997; 11(2), 125