Is there a role for anticoagulants in portal vein thrombosis management in cirrhotic patients?

Bibliography

• Okuda K, Ohnishi K, Kimura K, Incidence of portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis: an angiographic study in 708 patients. Gastroenterology 1985;89:279-86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Francoz C, Belghiti J, Vilgrain V, Splanchnic vein thrombosis in candidates for liver transplantation: usefulness of screening and anticoagulation. Gut 2005;54:691-7
   Google Scholar
• Amitrano L, Guardascione MA, Brancaccio V, Risk factors and clinical presentation of portal vein thrombosis in patients with liver cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2004;40:736-41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harmanci O, Bayraktar Y. Portal hypertension due to portal venous thrombosis: etiology, clinical outcomes. World J Gastroenterol 2007;13:2535-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webster GJ, Burroughs AK, Riordan SM. Review article: portal vein thrombosis–new insights into aetiology and management. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005;21:1-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Northup PG, Sundaram V, Fallon MB, Hypercoagulation and thrombophilia in liver disease. J Thromb Haemost 2008;6:2-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sobhonslidsuk A, Reddy KR. Portal vein thrombosis: a concise review. Am J Gastroenterol 2002;97:535-41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sogaard KK, Astrup LB, Vilstrup H, Gronbaek H. Portal vein thrombosis; risk factors, clinical presentation and treatment. BMC Gastroenterol 2007;7:34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayraktar Y, Harmanci O. Etiology and consequences of thrombosis in abdominal vessels. World J Gastroenterol 2006;12:1165-74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hollingshead M, Burke CT, Mauro MA, Transcatheter thrombolytic therapy for acute mesenteric and portal vein thrombosis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2005;16:651-61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozkan U, Oguzkurt L, Tercan F, Tokmak N. Percutaneous transhepatic thrombolysis in the treatment of acute portal venous thrombosis. Diagn Interv Radiol 2006;12:105-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Poplausky MR, Kaufman JA, Geller SC, Waltman AC. Mesenteric venous thrombosis treated with urokinase via the superior mesenteric artery. Gastroenterology 1996;110:1633-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sze DY, O'sullivan GJ, Johnson DL, Dake MD. Mesenteric and portal venous thrombosis treated by transjugular mechanical thrombolysis. AJR 2000;175:732-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ouriel K, Gray B, Clair DG, Olin J. Complications associated with the use of urokinase and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for catheter-directed peripheral arterial and venous thrombolysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2000;11:295-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walser EM, McNees SW, Dela Pena O, Portal venous thrombosis: percutaneous therapy and outcome. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1998;9:119-27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blum U, Haag K, Rössle M, Noncavernomatous portal vein thrombosis in hepatic cirrhosis: treatment with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt and local thrombolysis. Radiology 1995;195:153-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bizollon T, Bissuel F, Detry L, Trepo C. Fibrinolytic therapy for portal vein thrombosis. Lancet 1991;337:1416
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malkowski P, Pawlak J, Michalowicz B, Thrombolytic treatment of portal thrombosis. Hepatogastroenterology 2003;50:2098-100
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hidajat N, Stobbe H, Griesshaber V, Imaging and radiological interventions of portal vein thrombosis. Acta Radiol 2005;46:336-43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganger DP, Klapman JB, McDonald V, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for Budd-Chiari syndrome or portal vein thrombosis. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94:603-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haskal ZJ, Duszak R Jr, Furth EE. Transjugular intrahepatic transcaval portosystemic shunt: the gun-sight approach. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1996;7:139-42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chawla Y, Duseja A, Dhiman RK. Review article: the modern management of portal vein thrombosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2009;30:881-94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sehgal M, Haskal ZJ. Use of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts during lytic therapy of extensive portal splenic and mesenteric venous thrombosis: long-term follow-up. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2000;11:61-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim HS, Patra A, Khan J, Transhepatic catheter-directed thrombectomy and thrombolysis of acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2005;16:1685-91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turmel-Rodrigues L, Raynaud A, Louail B, Manual catheter-directed aspiration and other thrombectomy techniques for declotting native fistulas for hemodialysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2001;12:1365-71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uflacher R. Ajpheat of percutaneous mechanical thromboectomy in TIPS and PVT Tech Vas Inter Radiol 2003;6:59-69
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Adani GL, Baccarani U, Risaliti A, Percutaneous transhepatic portography for the treatment of early portal vein thrombosis after surgery. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2007;30:1222-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancuso A, Fung K, Mela M, TIPS for acute and chronic Budd-Chiari syndrome: a singlecentre experience. J Hepatol 2003;38:751-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancuso A, Watkinson A, Tibballs J, Budd-Chiari syndrome with portal, splenic, and superior mesenteric vein thrombosis treated with TIPS: who dares wins. Gut 2003;52:438
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rivitz SM, Geller SC, Hahn C, Treatment of acute mesenteric venous thrombosis with transjugular intra mesenteric urokinase infusion. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1995;6:219-28
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bilbao JI, Arias M, Herrero HI, Percutaneous transhepatic treatment of a posttransplant portal vein thrombosis and a preexisting spontaneous splenorenal shunt. Cardiovasc Interv Radiol 1995;18:323-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senzolo M, Tibbals J, Cholongitas E, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for portal vein thrombosis with and without cavernous transformation. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2006;23:767-75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Ha TG, Hodge J, Funaki B, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement in patients with cirrhosis and concomitant portal vein thrombosis. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2006;29:785-90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bilbao JI, Longo JM, Rousseau H, Transjugular intrahepatic portocaval shunt after thrombus disruption in partially thrombosed portal vein. Cardiovasc Interv Radiol 1994;17:106-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durham JD, LaBerge JM, Altman S, Portal vein thrombolysis and closure of competitive shunts following liver transplantation. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1994;5:611-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radosevich PM, Ring EJ, LaBerge JM, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts in patients with portal vein occlusion. Radiology 1993;186:523-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darcy MD, Vesely TM, Picus D, Percutaneous revision of an acutely thrombosed transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1992;3:77-82
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ferro C, Rossi CG, Bovio G, TIPS mechanical aspiration thembectory and directt thrombolysis in the treatment of acute portal and superior mesenteric vein thrombosis. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2007;30:1070-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mann O, Haag K, Hauenstein KH, Septic portal vein thrombosis: successful treatment by local fibrinolysis and transjugular portosysternic stent shunt (TIPS). Dtsch Med Wschr 1995;120:1201-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uflacker R. Applications of percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt and portal vein thrombosis. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2003;6:59-69
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Streitparth F, Santosa F, Milz J, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in patients with portal vein thrombosis. Rofo 2008;180:899-905
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Senzolo M, Burra P, Cholongitas E, The transjugular route: the key hole to the liver world. Dig Liver Dis 2007;39:105-16
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Freedman AM, Sanyal AJ, Tisnado J, Complications of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: a comprehensive review. Radiographics 1993;13:1185-210
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fontaine AB, Borsa JJ, Hoffer EK, Type III heart block with peripheral use of the Angiojet thrombectomy system. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2001;12:1223-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bilbao JL, Vivas L, Delgado C, Portal thrombosis. Berlin: Springer; 2000
   Google Scholar
• Aytekin C, Boyvat F, Kurt A, Catheter-directed thrombolysis with transjugular access in portal vein thrombosis secondary to pancreatitis. Eur J Radiol 2001;39:80-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolff M, Hirner A. Current state of portosystemic shunt surgery. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2003;388:141-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Livingstone AS, Koniaris LG, Perez EA, 507 Warren-Zeppa distal splenorenal shunts: a 34-year experience. Ann Surg 2006;243:884-92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D'Amico M, Pasta L, Sammarco P. MTHFR C677TT, PAI1 4G-4G, V Leiden Q506, and prothrombin G20210A in hepatocellular carcinoma with and without portal vein thrombosis. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2009;28:70-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarin SK, Sollano JD, Chawla YK, ; Members of the APASL Working Party on Portal Hypertension. Consensus on extra-hepatic portal vein obstruction. Liver Int 2006;26:512-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ageno W, Galli M, Squizzato A, Dentali F. Is there a role for timely diagnosis and early anticoagulant treatment of portal vein thrombosis in patients with liver cirrhosis? Intern Emerg Med 2008;3:195-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoekstra J, Janssen HL. Vascular liver disorders (II): portal vein thrombosis. Neth J Med 2009;67:46-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Condat B, Pessione F, Hillaire S, Current outcome of portal vein thrombosis in adults: risk and benefit of anticoagulant therapy. Gastroenterology 2001;120:490-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janssen HL, Wijnhoud A, Haagsma EB, Extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis: aetiology and determinants of survival. Gut 2001;49:720-724
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webster GJ, Burroughs AK, Riordan SM. Review article: portal vein thrombosis–new insights into aetiology and management. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005;2:1-9
   Google Scholar
• Valla DC, Condat B. Portal vein thrombosis in adults: pathophysiology, pathogenesis and management. J Hepatol 2000;32:865-71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senzolo M, Ferronato C, Burra P, Sartori MT. Anticoagulation for portal vein thrombosis in cirrhotic patients should be always considered. Intern Emerg Med 2009;4:161-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romero-Gomez M, Gutierrez-Tous R, Delgado-Mije D. Anticoagulant therapy for recent portal vein thrombosis in a patient with liver cirrhosis suffering from variceal rebleeding. Gastroenterology 2002;122:2095
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amitrano L, Guardascione MA, Brancaccio V, Portal and mesenteric venous thrombosis in cirrhotic patients. Gastroenterology 2002;123:1409-10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amitrano L, Guardascione MA, Menchise A, Safety and efficacy of anticoagulation therapy with low molecular weight heparin for portal vein thrombosis in patients with liver cirrhosis. J Clin Gastroenterol 2009. [Epub ahead of print]
   Google Scholar
• Amitrano L, Guardascione MA. Management of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhotic patients. Medit J Hemat Infect Dis 2009;1(3):e2009014
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Belli L, Romani F, Sansalone CV, Portal thrombosis in cirrhotics. A retrospective analysis. Ann Surg 1986;203:286-91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ponziani FR, De Stefano V, Gasbarrini A. Viral cirrhosis: an overview of haemostatic alterations and clinical consequences. Medit J Hemat Infect Dis 2009;1: e2010001
   Google Scholar
• Garcia-Fuster MJ, Abdilla N, Fabia MJ, Venous thromboembolism and liver cirrhosis. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2008;100:259-62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zocco MA, Di Stasio E, De Cristofaro R, Thrombotic risk factors in patients with liver cirrhosis: correlation with MELD scoring system and portal vein thrombosis development. J Hepatol 2009;51:682-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fimognari FL, Violi F. Portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis. Intern Emerg Med 2008;3:195-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orloff MJ, Orloff MS, Girard B, Orloff SL. Bleeding esophagogastric varices from extrahepatic portal hypertension: 40 years' experience with portal-systemic shunt. J Am Coll Surg 2002;194:717-28
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romero Gómez M, Suárez García E, López Lacomba D, Antiphospholipid antibodies are related to portal vein thrombosis in patients with liver cirrhosis. J Clin Gastroenterol 2000;31:237-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Condat B, Valla D. Portal vein thrombosis: is anticoagulation indicated? Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2001;25:507-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fimognari FL, Violi F. Should we use anticoagulant drugs to treat portal vein thrombosis in patients with liver cirrhosis? Int Emerg Med 2009;4(2):163-4
   Google Scholar
• Tripodi A, Salerno F, Chantarangkul V, Evidence of normal thrombin generation in cirrhosis despite abnormal conventional coagulation tests. Hepatology 2005;41:553-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deitcher SR. Interpretation of the international normalised ratio in patients with liver disease. Lancet 2002;359:47-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baril N, Wren S, Radin R, The role of anticoagulation in pylephlebitis. Am J Surg 1996;172:449-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lagasse JP, Bahallah ML, Salem N, Thrombose aigue du systeme Porte. Traitement par alteplase ou heparine seule chez 10 malades. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 1997;21:919-23
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Connolly GC, Chen R, Hyrien O, Incidence, risk factors and consequences of portal vein and systemic thromboses in hepatocellular carcinoma. Thromb Res 2008;122:299-306
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amitrano L, Guardascione MA, Scaglione M, Prognostic factors in noncirrhotic patients with splanchnic vein thromboses. Am J Gastroenterol 2007;102:2464-70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Franchis R. Evolving consensus in portal hypertension. Report of the Baveno IV consensus workshop on methodology of diagnosis and therapy in portal hypertension. J Hepatol 2005;43:167-76
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia Pagan JC, Guerra MH, Bosch J. Extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis. Semin Liver Dis 2008;28:282-92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeLeve LD, Valla DC, Garcia-Tsao G, American Association for the Study Liver Diseases. Vascular disorders of the liver. Hepatology 2009;49:1729-64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Thiel DH, Schade RR, Starzl TE, Liver transplantation in adults. Hepatology 1982;2:637-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harmanci O, Bayraktar Y. Portal hypertension due to portal venous thrombosis: etiology, clinical outcomes. World J Gastroenterol 2007;13:2535-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sobhonslidsuk A, Reddy KR. Portal vein thrombosis: a concise review. Am J Gastroenterol 2002;97:535-41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ponziani FR, Zocco MA, Campanale C, Portal vein thrombosis: insight into physiopathology, diagnosis, and treatment. World J Gastroenterol 2010;16:143-55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yerdel MA, Gunson B, Mirza D, Portal vein thrombosis in adults undergoing liver transplantation. Risk factors, screening, management and outcome. Transplantation 2000;69:1873-81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lladó L, Fabregat J, Castellote J, Management of portal vein thrombosis in liver transplantation: influence on morbidity and mortality. Clin Transplant 2007;21:716-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seu P, Shackleton CR, Shaked A, Improved results of liver transplantation in patients with portal vein thrombosis. Arch Surg 1996;131:840-4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jamieson NV. Changing perspectives in portal vein thrombosis and liver transplantation. Transplantation 2000;69:1772-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langnas AN, Wagner M, Strata RJ, Vascular complications after orthotopic liver transplantation. Am J Surg 1991;161:76-83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lerut J, Tzakis AG, Bron K, Complications of orthotopic liver transplantation. Ann Surg 1987;205:404-14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duffy JP, Hong JC, Farmer DG, Vascular complications of orthotopic liver transplantation: experience in more than 4,200 patients. J Am Coll Surg 2009;208:896-903
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manzanet G, Sanjuan F, Orbis P, Liver transplantation in patients with portal vein thrombosis. Liver Transpl 2001;7:125-31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Novi M, Lauritano EC, Piscaglia AC, Portal vein tumor thrombosis revascularization during sorafenib treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Gastroenterol 2009;104:1852-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar