1,126
Views
26
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Background, clinical features and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children

, MD & , PhD
Pages 1885-1906 | Published online: 19 Jul 2013

Bibliography

  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV-TR. American Psychiatric Association, Washington DC; 2000
  • Larson K, Russ SA, Kahn RS, et al. Patterns of comorbidity, functioning, and service use for US children with ADHD, 2007. Pediatrics 2011;127:462-70
  • Bird H. The diagnostic classification, epidemiology and cross-cultural validity of ADHD. In: Jensen PS, Cooper JR, editors, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: state of the science: best practices. Civic Research Institute, Kingston, NJ; 2002
  • Faraone SV, Sergeant J, Gillberg C, et al. The Worldwide prevalence of ADHD: is it an American condition? World Psychiatry 2003;2:104-13
  • Rappley MD. Clinical practice. Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. N Engl J Med 2005;352:165-73
  • Polanczyk G, de Lima MS, Horta BL, et al. The worldwide prevalence of ADHD: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Am J Psychiatry 2007;164:942-8
  • Gordon M, Antshel K, Faraone S, et al. Symptoms Versus Impairment: the Case for Respecting DSM-IV's Criterion D. J Atten Disord 2006;9:465-75
  • Barbaresi WJ, Katusic SK, Colligan RC, et al. How common is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? Incidence in a population-based birth cohort in Rochester, Minn. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2002;156:217-24
  • (CDC), C.f.D.C.a.P. Increasing prevalence of parent-reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children –United States, 2003 and 2007. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2010;59:1439-43
  • Wolraich ML, Wibbelsman CJ, Brown TE, et al. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among adolescents: a review of the diagnosis, treatment, and clinical implications. Pediatrics 2005;115:1734-46
  • Faraone SV, Biederman J, Lehman BK, et al. Intellectual performance and school failure in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and in their siblings. J Abnorm Psychol 1993;102:616-23
  • Barbaresi WJ, Katusic SK, Colligan RC, et al. Long-term school outcomes for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a population-based perspective. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2007;28:265-73
  • Biederman J, Mick E, Faraone SV. Age-dependent decline of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: impact of remission definition and symptom type. Am J Psychiatry 2000;157:816-18
  • Krueger M, Kendall J. Descriptions of self: an exploratory study of adolescents with ADHD. J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs 2001;14:61-72
  • Frazier TW, Youngstrom EA, Glutting JJ, et al. ADHD and achievement: meta-analysis of the child, adolescent, and adult literatures and a concomitant study with college students. J Learn Disabil 2007;40:49-65
  • Faraone SV, Biederman J, Mick E. The age dependent decline of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analysis of follow-up studies. Psychol Med 2006;36:159-65
  • Diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - redirect. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD; 2008. Available from: http://www.ahrq.gov/redirects/adhdd [Last accessed May 2008]
  • Biederman J, Newcorn J, Sprich S. Comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with conduct, depressive, anxiety, and other disorders. Am J Psychiatry 1991;148:564-77
  • Faraone SV, Biederman J, Wozniak J. Examining the comorbidity between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and bipolar I disorder: a meta-analysis of family genetic studies. Am J Psychiatry 2012;16:1256-66
  • Mulligan A, Anney RJ, O'Regan M, et al. Autism symptoms in Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a familial trait which correlates with conduct, oppositional defiant, language and motor disorders. J Autism Dev Disord 2009;39:197-209
  • Bird HR, Canino G, Rubio-Stipec M, et al. Estimates of the prevalence of childhood maladjustment in a community survey in Puerto Rico: the use of combined measures. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988;45:1120-6
  • Kieling C, Goncalves RR, Tannock R, et al. Neurobiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2008;17:285-307
  • Swanson JM, Kinsbourne M, Nigg J, et al. Etiologic subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: brain imaging, molecular genetic and environmental factors and the dopamine hypothesis. Neuropsychol Rev 2007;17:39-59
  • Tripp G, Wickens JR. Neurobiology of ADHD. Neuropharmacology 2009;57:579-89
  • Swanson JM, Hinshaw SP, LE A, et al. Clinical and cognitive definitions of attention deficit in children in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. In: Posner M., editors, Guilford Press, New York; 2004
  • Valera E, Faraone SV, Murray K, et al. Meta-analysis of structural imaging findings in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2007;61:1361-9
  • Castellanos FX, Lee PP, Sharp W, et al. Developmental trajectories of brain volume abnormalities in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. JAMA 2002;288:1740-8
  • Himelstein J, Newcorn JH, Halperin JM. The neurobiology of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Front Biosci 2000;5:D461-78
  • Faraone SV, Buitelaar J. Comparing the efficacy of stimulants for ADHD in children and adolescents using meta-analysis. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2010;19:353-64
  • Seiden LS, Sabol KE, Ricaurte GA. Amphetamine: effects on catecholamine systems and behavior. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1993;33:639-77
  • Descarries L, Lemay B, Doucet G, et al. Regional and laminar density of the dopamine innervation in adult rat cerebral cortex. Neuroscience 1987;21:807-24
  • Volkow ND, Fowler JS, Wang G, et al. Mechanism of action of methylphenidate: insights from PET imaging studies. J Atten Disord 2002;6:S31-43
  • Berridge CW, Devilbiss D.M, Andrzejewski ME, et al. Methylphenidate preferentially increases catecholamine neurotransmission within the prefrontal cortex at low doses that enhance cognitive function. Biol Psychiatry 2006;60:1111-20
  • Faraone SV, Wilens TE. Effect of stimulant medications on later substance use and the potential for misuse, abuse, and diversion. J Clin Psychiatry 2007;68:15-22
  • Gamo NJ, Wang M, Arnsten AF. Methylphenidate and atomoxetine enhance prefrontal function through alpha2-adrenergic and dopamine D1 receptors. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2010;49:1011-23
  • Thomason C, Michelson D. Atomoxetine–treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: beyond stimulants. Drugs Today (Barc) 2004;40:465-73
  • Bymaster FP, Katner JS, Nelson DL, et al. Atomoxetine increases extracellular levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in prefrontal cortex of rat: a potential mechanism for efficacy in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 2002;27:699-711
  • Biederman J, Melmed RD, Patel A, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of guanfacine extended release in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics 2008;121:73-84
  • Scassellati C, Bonvicini C, Faraone SV, et al. Biomarkers and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analyses. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2012;51:1003-19
  • Faraone S, Mick E. Molecular genetics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2010;33:159-80
  • Bergen SE, Gardner CO, Kendler KS. Age-related changes in heritability of behavioral phenotypes over adolescence and young adulthood: a meta-analysis. Twin Res Hum Genet 2007;10:423-33
  • Franke B, Faraone SV, Asherson P, et al. The genetics of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults, a review. Mol Psychiatry 2012;17:960-87
  • Zhou K, Dempfle A, Arcos-Burgos M, et al. Meta-analysis of genome-wide linkage scans of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2008;147B:1392-8
  • Neale B, Medland SE, Ripke S, et al. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2010;49:884-97
  • Williams NM, Franke B, Mick E, et al. Genome-wide analysis of copy number variants in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder confirms the role of rare variants and implicates duplications at 15q13.3. Am J Psychiatry 2012;169:195-204
  • Elia J, Glessner JT, Wang K, et al. Genome-wide copy number variation study associates metabotropic glutamate receptor gene networks with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Nat Genet 2012;44:78-84
  • Banerjee TD, Middleton F, Faraone SV. Environmental risk factors for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Acta Pediatrica 2007;96:1269-74
  • Buschgens CJ, van Aken MA, Swinkels SH, et al. Differential family and peer environmental factors are related to severity and comorbidity in children with ADHD. J Neural Transm 2008;115:177-86
  • Biederman J, Faraone SV, Monuteaux MC. Differential effect of environmental adversity by gender: Rutter's index of adversity in a group of boys and girls with and without ADHD. Am J Psychiatry 2002;159:1556-62
  • Biederman J, Petty CR, Bhide PG, et al. Does exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy affect the clinical features of ADHD? Results from a controlled study. World J Biol Psychiatry 2012;13:60-4
  • Milberger S, Biederman J, Faraone SV, et al. Pregnancy, delivery and infancy complications and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: issues of gene-environment interaction. Biol Psychiatry 1997;41:65-75
  • American Psychiatric Association. Attention-deficit and disruptive behavior disorders. In: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV TR. American Psychiatric Publishing,Washington DC; 2013
  • Wolraich M, Brown L, Brown RT, et al. ADHD: clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2011;128:1007-22
  • Faraone SV, Kunwar A, Adamson J, et al. Personality traits among ADHD adults: implications of late-onset and subthreshold diagnoses. Psychol Med 2009;39:685-93
  • Faraone SV, Wilens TE, Petty C, et al. Substance use among ADHD adults: implications of late onset and subthreshold diagnoses. Am J Addict 2007;16:24-34
  • Faraone SV, Biederman J, Spencer TJ, et al. Diagnosing Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: are Late Onset and Subthreshold Diagnoses Valid? Am J Psychiatry 2006;163:1720-9
  • Faraone SV, Biederman J, Doyle AE, et al. Neuropsychological Studies of Late Onset and Subthreshold Diagnoses of Adult ADHD. Biol Psychiatry 2006;60:1081-7
  • Antshel KM, Faraone SV, Maglione K, et al. Is adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder a valid diagnosis in the presence of high IQ? Psychol Med 2009;39:1325-35
  • Antshel KM, Faraone SV, Maglione K, et al. Executive functioning in high-IQ adults with ADHD. Psychol Med 2010;40:1909-18
  • Antshel KM, Faraone SV, Maglione K, et al. Temporal stability of ADHD in the high-IQ population: results from the MGH Longitudinal Family Studies of ADHD. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2008;47:817-25
  • Antshel KM, Faraone SV, Stallone K, et al. Is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder a valid diagnosis in the presence of high IQ? J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2007;48:687-94
  • Kaplan G, Newcorn JH. Pharmacotherapy for child and adolescent attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pediatr Clin North Am 2011;58:99-120
  • Marrow MA, Garland E, Wright J, et al. Influence of relative age in diagnosis and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children. Can Med Assoc J 2012;1-8
  • Biederman J, Petty CR, Woodworth KY, et al. Adult outcome of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a controlled 16-year follow-up study. J Clin Psychiatry 2012;73:941-50
  • Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Psychiatry, A.A.o.C.a.A. 2011. Available from: http://eguideline.guidelinecentral.com/i/55268#
  • Faraone SV, Biederman J, Zimmerman B. An analysis of patient adherence to treatment during a 1-year, open-label study of OROS methylphenidate in children with ADHD. J Atten Disord 2007;11:157-66
  • MTA Cooperative Group. National Institute of Mental Health Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD follow-up: 24-month outcomes of treatment strategies for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics 2004;113:754-61
  • American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Practice parameter on the use of psychotropic medication in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2009;48:961-73
  • Lavigne JV, Dulcan MK, LeBailly SA, et al. Can parent reports serve as a proxy for teacher ratings in medication management of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder? J Dev Behav Pediatr 2012;33:336-42
  • Pliszka S. Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2007;46:894-921
  • Pediatrics, A.A.o., ADHD: Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents. Process of Care Supplemental Appendix. 2011
  • Faraone SV, Biederman J, Spencer TJ, et al. Comparing the efficacy of medications for ADHD using meta-analysis. Med Gen Med E J 2006;8:4
  • Faraone SV, Glatt SJ. A comparison of the efficacy of medications for adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder using meta-analysis of effect sizes. J Clin Psychiatry 2010;71:754-63
  • Kim Y, Shin MS, Kim JW, et al. Neurocognitive effects of switching from methylphenidate-IR to OROS-methylphenidate in children with ADHD. Hum Psychopharmacol 2009;24:95-102
  • Wolraich ML, Lambert W, Doffing MA, et al. Psychometric properties of the Vanderbilt ADHD diagnostic parent rating scale in a referred population. J Pediatr Psychol 2003;28:559-67
  • Rostain A, Jensen PS, Connor DF, et al. Toward quality care in ADHD: defining the goals of treatment. J Atten Disord 2013; Epub ahead of print
  • Greenhill LL, Abikoff HB, Arnold LE, et al. Medication treatment strategies in the MTA Study: relevance to clinicians and researchers. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1996;35:1304-13
  • Prasad S, Steer C. Switching from neurostimulant therapy to atomoxetine in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder : clinical approaches and review of current available evidence. Paediatr Drugs 2008;10:39-47
  • Sallee F, McGough J, Wigal T, et al. Guanfacine extended release in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a placebo-controlled trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2009;48:155-65
  • Kollins SH, Jain R, Brams M, et al. Clonidine extended-release tablets as add-on therapy to psychostimulants in children and adolescents with ADHD. Pediatrics 2011;127:1406-13
  • Palumbo DR, Sallee FR, Pelham WE Jr, et al. Clonidine for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: I. Efficacy and tolerability outcomes. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2008;47:180-8
  • Spencer TJ, Greenbaum M, Ginsberg LD, et al. Safety and effectiveness of coadministration of guanfacine extended release and psychostimulants in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2009;19:501-10
  • Wilens TE, Bukstein O, Brams M, et al. A controlled trial of extended-release guanfacine and psychostimulants for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2012;51:74-85
  • Wilens TE, Hammerness P, Utzinger L, et al. An open study of adjunct OROS-methylphenidate in children and adolescents who are atomoxetine partial responders: I. Effectiveness. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2009;19:485-92
  • Faraone SV, Biederman J, Monuteaux M, et al. Long-term effects of extended-release mixed amphetamine salts treatment of attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder on growth. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2005;15:191-202
  • Faraone SV, Giefer EE. Long-term effects of methylphenidate transdermal delivery system treatment of ADHD on growth. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2007;46:1138-47
  • Faraone SV, Spencer TJ, Kollins SH, et al. Effects of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate treatment for ADHD on growth. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2010;49:24-32
  • Faraone SV, Biederman J, Morley CP, et al. Effect of stimulants on height and weight: a review of the literature. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2008;47:994-1009
  • Klein R, Mannuzza S. Hyperactive boys almost grown up: III. Methylphenidate effects on ultimate height. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988;45:1131-4
  • Safer D, Allen R, Barr E. Growth rebound after termination of stimulant drugs. J Pediatr 1975;86:113-16
  • Molina BS, Hinshaw SP, Swanson JM, et al. MTA at 8 Years: prospective follow-up of children treated for combined-type ADHD in a multisite study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2009;48:484-500
  • Jensen PS, Arnold LE, Swanson JM, et al. 3-Year Follow-up of the NIMH MTA Study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2007;46:989-1002
  • Garnock-Jones KP, Keating GM. Atomoxetine: a review of its use in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Paediatr Drugs 2009;11:203-26
  • Scahill L. Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists in children with inattention, hyperactivity and impulsiveness. CNS Drugs 2009;23(Suppl 1):43-9
  • Barrickman L, Perry P, Allen A, et al. Bupropion versus methylphenidate in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1995;34:649-57
  • Jafarinia M, Mohammadi MR, Modabbernia A, et al. Bupropion versus methylphenidate in the treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: randomized double-blind study. Hum Psychopharmacol 2012;27:411-18
  • Jadad AR, Boyle M, Cunningham C, et al. Treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Summ) 1999;11:1-341
  • Wilens T, Biederman J, Baldessarini R, et al. Cardiovascular effects of therapeutic doses of tricyclic antidepressants in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1996;35:1491-501
  • Kahbazi M, Ghoreishi A, Rahiminejad F, et al. A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial of modafinil in children and adolescents with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Psychiatry Res 2009;168:234-7
  • Weber W, Vander Stoep A, McCarty RL, et al. Hypericum perforatum (St John's Wort) for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Assoc 2008;229:2633-41
  • Wilens T, Waxmonsk J, Scott M, et al. An open trial of adjunctive donepezil in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2005;15:947-55
  • Gillies D, Sinn J, Lad SS, et al. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;7:CD007986
  • Bloch MH, Qawasmi A. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for the treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptomatology: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2011;50:991-1000
  • Salehi B, Imani R, Mohammadi MR, et al. Ginkgo biloba for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: a double blind, randomized controlled trial. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2010;34:76-80
  • Lan Y, Zhang LL, Luo R. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children: comparative efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine and methylphenidate. J Int Med Res 2009;37:939-48
  • Nigg JT, Lewis K, Edinger T, et al. Meta-analysis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, restriction diet, and synthetic food color additives. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2012;51:86-97
  • Biederman J, Spencer TJ, Monuteaux MC, et al. A naturalistic 10-year prospective study of height and weight in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder grown up: sex and treatment effects. J Pediatr 2010;157:635-40
  • Cooper WO, Habel LA, Sox C, et al. ADHD drugs and serious cardiovascular events in children and young adults. N Engl J Med 2011;365:1896-904
  • Schelleman H, Bilker WB, Strom BL, et al. Cardiovascular events and death in children exposed and unexposed to ADHD agents. Pediatrics 2011;127:1102-10
  • Association, A.A.o.P.A.H. American Academy of Pediatrics/American Heart Association clarification of statement on cardiovascular evaluation and monitoring of children and adolescents with heart disease receiving medications for ADHD: may 16, 2008. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2008;29:335
  • Biederman J, Petty CR, Hammerness P, et al. Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for other substance misuse: 10-year study of individuals with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Br J Psychiatry 2012;201:207-14
  • Biederman J, Petty CR, Monuteaux MC, et al. Familial risk analysis of the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and psychoactive substance use disorder in female adolescents: a controlled study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2009;50:352-8
  • Biederman J, Petty CR, Wilens TE, et al. Familial risk analyses of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and substance use disorders. Am J Psychiatry 2008;165:107-15
  • Wilens T, Faraone SV, Biederman J, et al. Does stimulant therapy of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder beget later substance abuse? a meta-analytic review of the literature. Pediatrics 2003;111:179-85
  • Bloch MH, Panza KE, Landeros-Weisenberger A, et al. Meta-analysis: treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children with comorbid tic disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2009;48:884-93
  • Bangs ME, Tauscher-Wisniewski S, Polzer J, et al. Meta-analysis of suicide-related behavior events in patients treated with atomoxetine. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2008;47:209-18
  • Instances of death in connection with Straterra treatment. 2010. Available from: http://jannel.se/StratteraDeath5.pdf
  • Greenhill L, Kollins S, Abikoff H, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Immediate-Release Methylphenidate Treatment for Preschoolers With ADHD. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2006;45:1284-93
  • Gonzalez-Heydrich J, Dodds A, Whitney J, et al. Psychiatric disorders and behavioral characteristics of pediatric patients with epilepsy and ADHD. Epilepsy Behav 2007;10:384-8
  • Parisi P, Moavero R, Verrotti A, et al. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children with epilepsy. Brain Dev 2010;32:10-16
  • Mahajan R, Bernal MP, Panzer R, et al. Clinical practice pathways for evaluation and medication choice for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in autism spectrum disorders. Pediatrics 2012;130(Suppl 2):S125-38
  • Antshel KM, Faraone SV, Gordon M. Cognitive behavioral treatment outcomes in adolescent ADHD. J Atten Disord 2012. [Epub ahead of print]
  • Zwi M, Jones H, Thorgaard C, et al. Parent training interventions for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children aged 5 to 18 years. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011(12):CD003018
  • MTA Cooperative Group. A 14-month randomized clinical trial of treatment strategies for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The MTA Cooperative Group. Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with ADHD. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1999;56:1073-86
  • Jensen PS, Hinshaw SP, Kraemer HC, et al. ADHD comorbidity findings from the MTA study: comparing comorbid subgroups. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2001;40:147-58
  • Charach A, Dashti B, Carson P, et al. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: effectiveness of treatment in at-risk preschoolers; long-term effectiveness in all ages; and variability in prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment [Internet]. in AHRQ comparative effectiveness reviews. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); Rockville: 2011
  • Storebo OJ, Skoog M, Damm D, et al. Social skills training for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children aged 5 to 18 years. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011(12):CD008223
  • Jensen PS, Hinshaw SP, Swanson JM, et al. Findings from the NIMH Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD (MTA): implications and applications for primary care providers. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2001;22:60-73
  • Sonuga-Barke EJ, Brandeis D, Cortese S, et al. Nonpharmacological interventions for ADHD: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials of dietary and psychological treatments. Am J Psychiatry 2013;170:275-89
  • Mick E, McGough JJ, Middleton FA, et al. Genome-wide association study of blood pressure response to methylphenidate treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2011;35:466-72
  • Mick E, Neale B, Middleton FA, et al. Genome-wide association study of response to methylphenidate in 187 children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2008;147B:1412-18
  • Cross-Disorder Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Smoller JW, Craddock N, Kendler K, et al. Identification of risk loci with shared effects on five major psychiatric disorders: a genome-wide analysis. Lancet 2013;381:1371-9
  • Cichon S, Craddock N, Daly M, et al. Genomewide association studies: history, rationale, and prospects for psychiatric disorders. Am J Psychiatry 2009;166:540-56

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.